Fig. 3. (a) Galvanostatic charge–discharge curves at 100 mA/g for electrodes with different binders within a voltage range of 0.01–2.00 V (vs Li/Li+), (b) cycling performance at 1000 mA/g after one cycle at 100 mA/g, (c) capacity retention ratios after 200 cycles at 1000 mA/g, (d) rate performance, (e) cycling performance at 2000 mA/g after one cycle at 100 mA/g for Si@API and Si@API-20. (f) Cycling performance of Si@API-20 at different Si mass loading. (g) Nyquist plots after 200 cycles at 1000 mA/g. (h) Cycling performance with a limited discharge capacity of 1500 mAh/g (charging voltage up to 2.00 V, discharge cut-off voltage of 0.01 V) for Si@API and Si@API-20, and (i) Cycling performance of silicon oxide anode (SiOx@API and SiOx@API-20). (j) Initial charge and discharge curves of Si based full cell LIBs (current density: 50 mA/g). (k) Si@API-20//LFP and Si@API//LFP full cell LIBs cycling performance at 50 mA/g. (l) SiOx@API-20 full cell cycling performance at 50 mA/g.