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According
to a new study from the German Cancer Research Center, deficiencies in
vitamin A can be detrimental to blood stem cells.
根据德国癌症研究中心的一项新研究，维生素A不足可能对血液干细胞有害。
These specialized cells in the skin, gut, or blood have a relatively short lifespan and require constant replenishment.
皮肤、肠道或血液中的这些特殊细胞的寿命相对较短，需要不断补充。
In 2008, researchers discovered a group of special stem cells in the bone marrow that remain dormant most of the time
2008年，研究人员在骨髓中发现了一组特殊的干细胞，这些细胞大部分时间都处于休眠状态，
and only become active to fight bacterial or viral infections, heavy blood loss or as a reaction to chemotherapy.
只有在对抗细菌或病毒感染，严重失血或化疗反应时变得活跃。
Researchers have now identified the mechanisms that activate and deactivate the stem cells.
研究人员已经确定了激活和停用干细胞的机制。
Results showed that retinoic acid, a vitamin A metabolite crucial to the process.
结果表明维生素A代谢物视黄酸是过程的关键。
Researchers
hope the findings will play a role in cancer treatments because cancer
cells, like stem cells, rest in a state of dormancy and their metabolism
is completely shut down, rendering them resistant to chemotherapy.
研究人员希望这项发现有助于癌症治疗，因为癌细胞如干细胞处于休眠状态，代谢作用完全关闭，致使其抗化疗。
词汇解析
1、discover
发现(以前不知道的事实)
She discovered that they'd escaped.
她发现他们已经逃跑了。
I discovered I was pregnant.
我发现自己怀孕了。
(第一个)发现
the first European to discover America.
第一个发现美洲大陆的欧洲人
In the 19th century, gold was discovered in California.
19 世纪时，在加利福尼亚发现了金子。
初次接触(某活动并乐在其中)
I wish I'd discovered photography when I was younger.
我要是早点接触到摄影技术就好了。
Discover the delights and luxury of a private yacht.
体验私人游艇的乐趣和奢华。
2、process
过程；进程
There was total agreement to start the peace process as soon as possible.
全体一致同意尽快开始和平进程。
They decided to spread the building process over three years.
他们决定用3年时间建成。
加工；处理
fish which are processed by freezing, canning or smoking.
经过冷冻、罐装或熏制处理的鱼
The material will be processed into plastic pellets.
这些材料将会被加工成塑料小球。
