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【药用植物研究前沿】
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内容来源于
he Pla
nt journal : for cell and molecular biology
代谢产物是植物代谢的中间和最终产物，在植物生长、进化和适应气候变化中起着重要作用。然而，目前进化如何影响植物的代谢变化尚不清楚。
近期，华中农业大学肖英杰研究团队发表在
“
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
”
名为
“
Metabolomic analysis reveals differences in evolution between maize and rice
”
的论文在玉米和水稻进化差异研究方面取得进展。
该研究团队首先对
玉米和水稻叶片和种子组织
进行了代谢组学研究，然后采用
主成分分析
法对叶片数据进行了分析，研究显示籼稻和粳稻品种可
清晰分离
，
而温带和热带两个玉米亚组
无法较好分组。
水稻和玉米种子在代谢变异上表现出显著的种间差异，而在水稻内部，叶片和种子表现出相似的代谢变化。在
10
种代谢类型中，黄酮类化合物在玉米中的变异性高于水稻，说明黄酮是种间代谢差异的重要
贡献者
。另外发现代谢调节从正相关到负相关显著改变，这表明了玉米和水稻的不同进化过程。
可能
由于这种差异，在水稻中发现了比玉米更多的代谢相互作用。在水稻中，发现叶片比种子具有更强烈的代谢相互作用。
该研究结果提示代谢组在追踪进化历史方面是有价值的，可对基因组关于玉米和水稻的种间分化的特征进行补充和扩展。
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 2020 May 23;
doi:10.1111/tpj.14856
Metabolomic analysis reveals differences in evolution between maize and rice
Metabolites are the intermediate and final products of metabolism, which play essential roles in plant growth, evolution and adaptation to changing climates. However, it is unclear how evolution contributes to metabolic variation in plants. Here, we investigated the metabolomics data from leaf and seed tissues in maize and rice. By a principal component analysis (PCA) based on leaf metabolites but not seed metabolites, it was able to be clearly separated for rice Indica and Japonica accessions, while two maize subgroups, temperate and tropical, showed more visible admixture. Rice and maize seed exhibited significant interspecific differences in metabolic variation, while within rice, leaf and seed displayed similar metabolic variations. Among 10 metabolic categories, flavonoids had higher variation in maize than rice, indicating flavonoids are a key constituent of interspecific metabolic divergence. Interestingly, metabolic regulation was additionally found to be dramatically reshaped from positive to negative correlations, indicative of the differential evolutionary processes in maize and rice. Moreover, perhaps due to this divergence significantly more metabolic interactions were identified in rice than maize. Furthermore, in rice, the leaf was found to harbor much more intense metabolic interactions than the seed. Our result suggests that metabolomes are valuable for tracking evolutionary history, thereby complementing and extending genomic insights concerning which features are responsible for interspecific differentiation in maize and rice.
