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What are the Basic First Aid Items？基本急救物品有哪些？

广东疾控 · 公众号 · 养生 · 2017-05-09 21:53

正文

Definition of First Aid

An emergency treatment based on medical and nursing principles.

In case of an accident or an acute disease attack, the rescuer administers immediate support to the casualty by using suitable materials at the scene to reduce the risk of further injury to the body before sending to hospital for further treatment.

急救的定义

按医学护理的原则进行的紧急救治

当遇到意外或急病发生时，施救者可利用现场合用的物资，实时适当地协助伤病者减低遭受更严重创伤的机会，然后安排把伤病者从速送院治理。

Basic First Aid Items

基本急救物品

Equip with other first aid items as appropriate for the household, workplace and outdoor activities:

家居、工作间（例如工场）或进行户外活动时，可视乎需要，配备其他急救物品，如

(Important Notes: Apart from the doctor's prescription, the rescuer should not give any drug to the casualty to take.)

（重要提示：除有医生的处方外，切勿随便给伤病者服用任何药物）

Choking by Foreign Body

异物哽塞

Treatment:

处理方法：

Severe Choking by Foreign Body

严重异物哽塞

If the patient is still conscious, the rescuer should immediately perform abdominal thrust for the patient:

如伤者仍然清醒，施救者应立即为伤者施行环抱压腹法：

Stand behind the patient with your arms around the abdomen. Clench the first of one hand.
Place the first on the abdomen (2.5 cm above the navel) with the five fingers curling inwards. Grasp the first with the other hand. Press the first against the abdomen with a quick inward and upward thrust.

站在伤者背后，一手握拳，虎口向内，放在伤者腹部（肚脐之上2.5厘米）处，另一只手握住该拳，迅速向内及向上挤压。

Repeat the action for several times until the patient dislodges the foreign body.

反复动作多次，直到伤者吐出阻塞物。

If the patient becomes unconscious, trained rescuer should start cardiopulmonary resuscitation and send him/her to hospital for treatment promptly.

若伤者转为昏迷，接受过训练的施救者应施行心肺复苏法，并从速送院。

(Note: The treatment for children suffering from choking is the same as that for adults)

（备注：处理儿童哽塞伤者的方法与成人相同）

For an infant:

如伤者是婴儿：

1. Firmly grip the infant's lower jaw and keep his/her head down.
Lay the infant prone over your forearm and rest on your thigh. Slap the infant slightly between the shoulder blades 5 times with the heel of the other hand.

用手稳握婴儿下巴，使其头部向下，让婴儿俯卧在自己的前臂上，并用大腿承托着。用另一掌跟连续拍击婴儿的肩胛骨中间5次。

2. If unsuccessful, turn the infant over, press his/her chest with a quick thrust 5 times.

如果不成功，将婴儿翻转身，在胸上施以5次快速推压。

3. Slap the back of the infant and press the chest with a quick thrust repeatedly until the infant dislodges the foreign body.

反复使用背拍及压胸法，直至婴儿吐出阻塞物。

4. If the infant becomes unconscious, trained rescuer should start cardiopulmonary resuscitation and send the patient to hospital promptly for treatment.

如婴儿转为昏迷，接受过训练的施救者应施行心肺复苏法，并从速送院。

（来源：香港卫生署家庭健康服务）

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