外刊阅读20250117｜早上喝咖啡可以降低早逝风险

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Most past research investigating participants’ coffee intake over time have found moderate levels of coffee consumption may be associated with lower risks of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and premature death, according to the latest study. But scientific evidence of whether factors such as genetics, amount consumed or added sweeteners affect these relationships has been inconsistent or, at times, controversial , the authors said.

The authors studied the dietary and health data of 40,725 adults age 18 and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 1999 to 2018. During 10 cycles over the years, those participants provided details of their dietary intake from the previous day. The authors also included a subgroup of 1,463 adults, from both the women’s and men’s versions of the Lifestyle Validation Study, who had completed at least one weeklong dietary record.

The researchers identified two patterns of timing of consumption: morning and all day. By the end of the median follow-up period of nearly 10 years, there were 4,295 deaths from all causes, 1,268 from cardiovascular disease and 934 from cancer.

Compared with people who weren’t coffee drinkers, having coffee only in the morning was associated with a 16% lower risk of premature death from any cause and a 31% lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease. Those who tended to drink coffee all day didn’t have a reduction in risk. These findings remained even after the authors took into account confounders such as sleep hours, age, race, ethnicity , sex, family income, education, physical activity levels, a dietary score, and health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension and high cholesterol .