How to Clean and Disinfect the Vomitus? 如何清理和消毒呕吐物？

广东疾控 · 公众号 · 养生 · 2017-03-16 21:40

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Norovirus

Norovirus infection typically causes acute gastroenteritis. It is also a common cause of food poisoning and is usually related to consumption of undercooked shellfish. People can also get norovirus from an infected person, contaminated food or water, or by touching contaminated surfaces. Norovirus can also cause outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in settings where people are staying close together such as schools, elderly homes, hotels and cruise ships. The disease affects people of all age groups and tends to be more common during winter. The virus is previously known as ‘Norwalk-like viruses.

The disease is characterised by nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, low-grade fever and malaise.

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诺如病毒常导致急性肠胃炎，也是食物中毒的常见因素，通常与食用未经煮熟的贝壳类海产品有关。人们还可以从被感染的人，受污染的食物或水，或通过接触污染的表面感染诺如病毒。在人多聚集的地方，如学校、老人院、酒店及邮轮等，诺如病毒也可引致急性肠胃炎暴发。所有年龄组别的人士均有机会受感染，而感染于冬天较为常见。诺如病毒以往常被称为诺沃克类病毒。

症状包括恶心、呕吐、腹泻、腹痛、低烧及身体不适。

To clean and disinfect the vomitus/ faecal spillage from patients should be extracareful.

清理和消毒诺如病毒感染患者的呕吐物/溢出粪便应格外小心。

Keep other people away from the contaminated area.

安排其他人远离受污染的地方。

Wear gloves and a mask throughout the disinfection procedure.

清理呕吐物的整过程中，要戴上手套及口罩。

Discard all food if vomiting and diarrhoea occurs in an area where open food is displayed.

如果发生呕吐和腹泻的附近范围有未覆盖好的食物，应丢弃所有食物。

Remove the bulky waste cautiously from all soiled linens and clothing before washing. Then, soak them in 1 in 49 diluted household bleach for 30 minutes and then wash thoroughly.

If immediate washing cannot be arranged, place the soiled linens and clothing inside sealed bags and wash them as soon as possible.

清理弄脏的床单和衣服前，应先将固体呕吐物或粪便等清除，将床单和衣服浸在1：49 稀释家用漂白水内30分钟，然后才清洗。

如果未能及时浸洗，应把它们放置在密封的袋内，尽快处理。

Use disposable towels to wipe away all the vomitus/ faecal spillage from outside inward. Then apply 1 in 49 diluted household bleach to the contaminated surface and the adjacent areas liberally (as a rough guide, preferably disinfect areas within 2 metres from the edge of the vomitus/ faecal spillage), especially the frequently touched surfaces e.g. door knobs, hand rail, etc.

用一次性抹布由外至内抹去呕吐物/溢出粪便，及后用1：49稀释家用漂白水清洗及消毒受染污的地方及附近各处（大致消毒范围是从呕吐物/粪便边缘起2米内），尤其是经常接触的地方，如门柄，扶手等。

Leave bleach on the soiled surface for 15 – 30 minutes to allow time for the bleach to inactivate viruses. Then rinse the surface with clean water. Leave the surface air dry.

让漂白水在污染的地方表面停留15 – 30分钟以彻底消毒，然后再用清水清洗，并让表面自然风干。