全文翻译自纽约时报8月28日文章
原题：
China and India Agree to Ease Tensions in Border Dispute
作者：
Jeffrey Gettleman and Javier C. Hernández
译者：
冬天毛
纽约时报（
The New York Times
）是一家日报，于1851年创办，是美国严肃报刊的代表。由于风格古典严肃，它有时也被戏称为“灰色女士”（The Gray Lady）。
（维基百科）
正文：
位于争议边界附近不丹哈阿的印度军总部
NEW DELHI — India and China agreed on Monday to back away from their confrontation over a tiny slice of territory high in the Himalayas, easing tensions between the world’s two most populous countries.
新德里消息——在为了喜马拉雅山区的一小条领土而针锋相对后，印度和中国在周一达成撤军协议，缓解了两个世界人口大国间的紧张局势。
For weeks, worries had been growing of a major conflict between the two nuclear powers, in what had developed into one of the worst border disputes between the countries in 30 years — punctuated by a rock-throwing, chest-bumping fracas between the Chinese and Indian soldiers.
这场矛盾在数周时间里发展成了两国间30年来最严重的一次边界争端，而人们对于两个有核国家间全面开战的担忧日渐增长。其间，中印两国士兵不时滋事，互扔石头、互怼胸口。
Both sides agreed to give some ground in order to end the standoff. In a short statement, the Indian government said it had reached an “understanding” with Beijing and had agreed to an “expeditious disengagement” along the border, pulling back troops who had been sent to the disputed area to block the Chinese from building a new road.
双方为了终止这场对抗，均同意做出一定让步。印度政府发表了一段简短声明，称已与北京达成了“和解”，并同意从边界“迅速脱离”，将此前调遣至边界阻止中方新修道路的军队撤回。
图：印度外交部在推特上发送和解声明
China seemed willing to compromise as well, still claiming the disputed territory, but making no mention in its statements on Monday that it was continuing to build the contentious road.
中国似乎也有妥协的意愿，仍宣告争议领土的所有权，但在其周一的声明中未提及继续修建争议性道路一事。
Minutes after the announcement, Indian stocks rallied and many in India claimed victory. “The Himalayan ice has melted,” one Indian newspaper wrote. An Indian TV station issued a breaking news bulletin that said: “Diplomatic win over China.”
就在公告后数分钟，印度股市回升，印度许多人宣告己方胜利。一家印度报纸写道：“喜马拉雅的坚冰消融。”一家印度电视台发表了即时新闻简报：“对中国的外交胜利。”
But some analysts said that India realized, after initially talking tough and sending the troops into the area, that it was overmatched, economically and militarily.
但一些分析家表示，虽然印度一开始态度强硬地向争议地区派遣了军队，但随即意识到自己在经济和军事上都不是中国的对手。
“What we are seeing is face-saving,” said C. Raja Mohan, the director of Carnegie India, a branch of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
卡耐基国际和平基金会（
冬天毛注：就是CMU那个卡耐基
）印度分部部长拉贾·莫汉表示：“现在这就是在护脸。”
The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs confirmed the agreement on Monday, though it vowed to continue to patrol the disputed area. The state-controlled news media portrayed the agreement as a victory for China and a sign that the nation was acting as a “responsible big country” in handling global affairs.
中国外交部在周一证实了和解协议，但强硬地表示仍将继续在争议区域巡逻。国营新闻媒体将协议描述成中国的胜利，并称这代表中国正在作为“负责任的大国”处理国际问题。
图：人民日报发送推特称两国和解，中国政府证实印度已撤军
Clearly, analysts said, China had its own sound reasons to end the dispute. “It would be a strategic disaster for China to make a mortal enemy out of India,” said Daniel C. Lynch, a professor of Asian and international studies at the City University of Hong Kong. “The last thing an aging, economically less vibrant China needs is to fall into a generations-long cold war with India.”
分析人士称，中国显然也有终止这场争端的合理动机。香港城市大学亚洲及国际研究教授林丹称：“要是树了印度这个死敌，那对中国来说就是一场战略性灾难。如今中国正在老化，经济活力也不如从前了，中国最避之不及的就是跟印度打上几代人的冷战。”
While the agreement does not amount to a permanent solution, the two sides appeared to have found a way to avoid a serious confrontation. Hua Chunying, a spokeswoman for the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, suggested that China might even reduce troop levels in the area, which number in the hundreds.
虽然协议并不意味着问题的永久性解决，但双方似乎找到了避免严重冲突的方法。中国外交部女发言人华春莹提出，中国或许甚至会削减在该地区的驻军规模，而现在的数量大约有几百人。
“Given that the situation has changed, the Chinese will make necessary adjustments and deployments in line with current conditions,” Ms. Hua said at a daily news briefing in Beijing. While vowing that China would “protect territorial sovereignty,” she added that “the Chinese government values the development of good-neighbor relations with India.”
在北京的每日例行新闻发布会上，华女士称：“鉴于现场情况已出现变化，中方将根据现地情况作出必要调整和部署。”虽然华女士誓言中国将“维护领土主权”，但她也补充说：“中国政府重视发展同印度的睦邻友好关系。”
India’s prime minister, Narendra Modi, is scheduled to visit China next week for an international conference, which may have placed pressure on Chinese and Indian officials to find a solution before he arrived.
根据日程安排，印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪将于下周访华参加国际会议，此事可能也迫使了中印两国官员在他抵达前寻求解决方案。
Still, some experts warned that relief could be temporary. “Another standoff is completely possible,” said Zhang Li, an expert on India at Sichuan University in southwest China. “We shouldn’t be overly optimistic.”
然而，一些专家警告称，局势的缓和可能是暂时的。位于中国西南部的四川大学的印度问题专家张力称：“再次发生对峙是完全有可能的，我们不应太过乐观。”
The disputed territory, 34 square miles of an area called the Doklam Plateau, is not claimed by India. It lies on the border of Bhutan and China, but India sees it as a buffer zone that is close to other disputed areas with China and not too far from the strategically vital strip of land known as the chicken neck.
该片34平方英里大小的争议领土名叫洞朗高原，印度并不对其宣告所有权。该领土位于中国与不丹边境，但它在印度眼中是一块军事缓冲区，距离其它中印争议领土很近，不远处还有战略意义至关重要的条状“鸡脖”区域。
The narrow passage connects the bulk of India to its northeastern states, and India is always vigilant about any military activity in the vicinity.
这条狭窄的走廊连接着印度及其东北诸邦，而印度时刻警惕着该地附近的任何军事活动。
Tensions erupted in June when India sent troops to halt a plan by China to extend an unpaved road on the Doklam Plateau, where China, India and the kingdom of Bhutan meet. India maintained that it was acting on behalf of Bhutan, a close ally.
六月，印度派遣军队前往中印和不丹王国三国交界的洞朗高原，阻止中国在那里新修道路的计划，自此紧张局势一发不可收。印度坚称其是在代表其亲密盟国不丹行动。
Chinese officials were furious and demanded that India pull back. The standoff seemed to grow more tense by the day. Videos emerged of soldiers throwing rocks and bumping torsos.
中方官员气愤不已，要求印度撤回。对峙局势日渐紧张，有视频拍到双方士兵互扔石头，并用躯体互撞。
Chinese news outlets produced anti-India propaganda with racist themes. Some analysts warned of the possibility of war breaking out, with both countries swelling with nationalism and eager to demonstrate muscle.
中国新闻媒体开始进行带有种族主义内涵的反印宣传。两国各自民族心态不断膨胀，渴望展示力量，一些分析人士也警示称有爆发战争的可能性。
Behind the scenes, though, the two countries continued to talk, despite the toll the dispute had taken on relations, and were able to find a way out of the impasse.
尽管这场争端对两国关系造成了损害，但在幕后，两国间的对话仍在继续，并得以找到出路，脱离了这场僵局。
全文到此结束
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