昨天下午,瑞典时间10月13日13:00,2016年诺贝尔文学奖颁给了美国摇滚、民谣歌手、诗人、演员:
鲍勃·迪伦(Bob Dylan)
不止文学圈、音乐圈、娱乐圈,整个世界都沸腾了!这是诺贝尔文学奖有史以来第一次颁给一位……音乐人!诺贝尔奖评委会给出的颁奖理由是:“鲍勃·迪伦在伟大的美国民谣传统中创造出一种新的诗歌意境。”万年陪跑的村上春树回家默默拿起了吉他……
有人调侃:鲍勃迪伦已经得过格莱美、奥斯卡、普利策、金球奖、诺贝尔,就差一个奥运金牌了。2012年5月,鲍勃·迪伦还获得了由美国总统贝拉克·奥巴马颁布的自由勋章。也有人说:这是继丘吉尔获得诺贝尔文学奖之后,最跨界的一次诺贝尔文学奖了。无论如何,虽意料之外,但实至名归。
奥巴马为鲍勃·迪伦授予自由勋章,该勋章是美国授予有杰出成就公民的最高奖赏
鲍勃·迪伦无疑是个天才。他1941年出生在美国的明尼苏达州,原名罗伯特·艾伦·齐默曼(Robert Allen Zimmerman)。少年时自学了吉它、钢琴、口琴等乐器,高中开始组建乐队,大学期间首度以鲍勃·迪伦作艺名。
1961年,鲍勃·迪伦从明尼苏达大学辍学,开始专心致力于歌唱工作,签约哥伦比亚唱片公司,1962年推出处女专辑名为《鲍勃·迪伦》。
鲍勃·迪伦的成名作想必很多人都听过:《Blowing in the Wind》,电影《阿甘正传》中的珍妮所弹唱的那首动人歌曲。这是他最早的“反战歌曲”,也是美国民谣史上最重要的作品之一。
《Blowing in the Wind》
《答案在风中》
How many roads must a man walk down
一个人要经历多长的旅途
Before they call him a man
才能成为真正的男人
How many seas must a white dove sail
鸽子要飞跃几重大海
Before she sleeps in the sand
才能在沙滩上安眠
How many times must the cannon balls fly
要多少炮火
Before they're forever banned
才能换来和平
The answer, my friend, is blowing in the wind
那答案,我的朋友,飘零在风中
The answer is blowing in the wind
答案随风飘逝
How many years must a mountain exist
山峰要屹立多久
Before it is washed to the sea
才是沧海桑田
How many years can some people exist
人们要等待多久
Before they're allowed to be free
才能得到自由
How many times can a man turn his head
一个人要几度回首
And pretend that he just doesn't see
才能视而不见
The answer, my friend, is blowing in the wind
那答案,我的朋友,在风中飘零
The answer is blowing in the wind
答案随风而逝
How many times must a man look up
一个人要仰望多少次
Before he can see the sky
才能见苍穹
How many ears must one man have
一个人要多么善听
Before he can hear people cry
才能听见他人的呐喊
How many deaths will it take
多少生命要陨落
'Till he knows that too many people have died
才知道那已故的众生
The answer, my friend, is blowing in the wind
答案,我的朋友,在风中飘零
The answer is blowing in the wind
答案随风而逝
为了纪念鲍勃·迪伦为音乐史上做出的突出贡献,在权威音乐杂志《滚石》“史上最伟大100名词作者”排行榜上,鲍勃·迪伦名列第一。他的另一首隐约《像一块滚石》被《滚石》选为“史上最伟大500首歌曲”的第一名。
曾有人评价说:鲍勃·迪伦是三流歌手,二流吉他演奏家,一流作曲人,顶级诗人。的确,他的嗓音可能并不讨喜,甚至你觉得难听也不用怀疑自己的耳朵。但鲍勃·迪伦对于这个时代的意义是伟大的,他的创作影响了几代人。
来欣赏这个敲开了诺贝尔奖大门顶级诗人的诗歌作品:
选自《New morning》1970
周公度 译
《时光慢慢流逝》
山中的时光静寂缓慢,
我们坐在桥畔,在泉水边散步,
追寻野生的鱼群,在溪水上漂浮,
当你置身尘外,时光静寂流逝。
我曾有个心上人,她娇小、美丽,
我们坐在她家的厨房里,她妈妈做着糕点,
窗外的星辰闪烁高悬,
时光静寂流逝,当你找到你的心爱。
不是没有理由搭一辆货车去小镇,
不是没有理由再去那集市。
也不是没有理由再来来回回,
不是没有理由去每个地方。
白日的时光静寂缓慢,
我们注视着前方,努力不使之偏向,
就像夏日的红玫瑰逐日盛开,
时光静寂流逝,永不复返。
Time Passes Slowly
Time passes slowly up here in the mountains,
We sit beside bridges and walk beside fountains,
Catch the wild fishes that float through the stream,
Time passes slowly when you're lost in a dream.
Once I had a sweetheart, she was fine and good-lookin',
We sat in her kitchen while her mama was cookin',
Stared out the window to the stars high above,
Time passes slowly when you're searchin' for love.
Ain't no reason to go in a wagon to town,
Ain't no reason to go to the fair.
Ain't no reason to go up, ain't no reason to go down,
Ain't no reason to go anywhere.
Time passes slowly up here in the daylight,
We stare straight ahead and try so hard to stay right,
Like the red rose of summer that blooms in the day,
Time passes slowly and fades away.
《吉普赛人》
去看那吉普赛人,
他落脚在一家大旅馆内。
当他看到我,他微笑着,
说,哦,好,好。
他的房间黑暗、拥挤,
电灯低垂,灯光黯淡。
你好?他对我说,
我也如此向他问询。
我来到旅馆大厅,
打了一个短暂的电话。
那儿有一个漂亮的跳舞的女孩,
她大声说着话,
“去看吉普赛人。
他可以在你身后消失,
驱逐掉你的恐惧,
带你穿过镜子。
他曾在拉斯维加斯表演,
现在他将在这儿演出。”
旅馆外面灯光闪烁
河流如泪水的薄彩,
我远远地观看着它们
音乐响起在我的耳边。
我回去看那吉普人,
节目即将开始。
吉普赛人的房门大开
但是那吉普赛人已经离去,
还有那个漂亮的跳舞的女孩,
从此难觅她的芳踪。
我看到太阳已经升起在
明尼苏达州的小镇上空。
Went To See The Gypsy
Went to see the gypsy,
Stayin' in a big hotel.
He smiled when he saw me coming,
And he said, Well, well, well.
His room was dark and crowded,
Lights were low and dim.
How are you? he said to me,
I said it back to him.
I went down to the lobby
To make a small call out.
A pretty dancing girl was there,
And she began to shout,
Go on back to see the gypsy.
He can move you from the rear,
Drive you from your fear,
Bring you through the mirror.
He did it in Las Vegas,
And he can do it here.
Outside the lights were shining
On the river of tears,
I watched them from the distance
With music in my ears.
I went back to see the gypsy,
It was nearly early dawn.
The gypsy's door was open wide
But the gypsy was gone,
And that pretty dancing girl,
She could not be found.
So I watched that sun come rising
From that little Minnesota town.
你也许不知道,这个传奇歌手,跨界之王,竟然还是个画家。自1994年以来,鲍勃·迪伦已出版了6本画作书,他的作品也曾在大型艺术画廊中展出过。来欣赏下他的画作:
最后,如果你感兴趣,可以读读鲍勃·迪伦在国内出版的唯一本中文版著作:《编年史》。这是鲍勃•迪伦历时三年在打字机上亲手敲出来的回忆录,记录了自己生命中种种非凡的时刻——初到纽约,签约哥伦比亚,遭遇创作瓶颈,家庭生活片段,点燃灵感火花,打破界限……
这是一位20世纪传奇人物平生所著的最不同寻常的私密自传,他回顾往昔岁月,将那逝去的黄金年代一幕幕地展现在我们面前。
致敬Bob Dylan,一个时代的传奇!
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《波罗的海的奋斗》