我是Simon，本公众号在每周都会推送一段外文期刊的精读文章。学英语，懂文化，每周推送的内容够你一周内慢慢消化，在周三会重复推送一次提醒你温习。摈弃浮躁，回归本心，踏踏实实学习。
《欢乐颂2》正在热播，其中的一个大爆点就是应勤的「处女情结」。邱莹莹本在上一季中遇到了白渣男，伤痕累累，在这一季中本满心欢喜地认为遇到了爱护她珍惜她的好男人应勤。可是万万没想到，应勤是个具有「处女情结」的「直男癌」。在听说邱莹莹已经失去了处女之身后，当场就选择了分手，这本让邱莹莹痛不欲生，偏偏他还将不是处女和不自爱联系起来，让很多网友大骂他是大男子主义（male chauvinism）。
你怎么看呢？
难度指数 ★
先将以下精选内容进行通读。注意粗体部分，是精讲的主要内容。
In a recent episode of the popular Chinese TV series “Ode to Joy,” which began its second season this month, Qiu Yingying, one of the show’s five young female protagonists living in Shanghai, gets dumped by her boyfriend after he finds out that she is not a virgin. His mother even says that Qiu must not respect her own body.
Even in 2017, a preference among heterosexual men for female virgins — or chunü qingjie, “the virgin complex” — persists in China. But there are signs that the trend is reversing. In some quarters, one set of social pressures is giving way to another, as young people are shamed both for having too much sexual experience and too little.
The issue of the virgin complex has sparked heated discussion in Chinese online forums. A post about the “Ode to Joy” plot on Zhihu, a Quora-like question-and-answer forum, received a wide spectrum of responses. While most female respondents disapproved of Qiu’s boyfriend’s behavior, many male commentators were less critical of his attitude, seeing it as a matter of personal preference rather than a product of chauvinism.
文章来源：
http://www.sixthtone.com/news/1000261/why-is-china-still-obsessed-with-virginity%3F
In a recent episode of the popular Chinese TV series “Ode to Joy,” which began its second season this month, Qiu Yingying, one of the show’s five young female protagonists living in Shanghai, gets dumped by her boyfriend after he finds out that she is not a virgin. His mother even says that Qiu must not respect her own body.
episode；protagonist; get dumped
episode 意思是电视剧的「集」。我们看美剧的时候，有第几季之分，这里的「季」是 season，譬如S02E06就是指「第二季的第六集」。现在播放的是《欢乐颂2》，即Season 2。
protagonist 是指（戏剧，电影中的）主演，英文释义是the most important character in a play, or story，等同于 main character 或是 leading character。另外，这个词常常出现在新闻报纸中，意思是（社会主张，政治思想的）主要支持者，主要拥护者，英文意思是 one of the most important supporters of a social or political idea。例如 a protagonist of educational reform 教育改革的积极拥护者。
get dumped 是指分手，即breaking up。当然，dump的原意是指倾倒，例如垃圾倾倒场就叫做dumpsite。很好理解，get dumped是指被甩了，当然如果是你甩了X人，就可以说dump sb。get dumped是你还沉浸在爱意的甜蜜中时，突然一脸懵逼地就被对方抛弃了。具体的情景类似下面的对话，请感受一下：
Boyfriend: Hey you seem really happy with us.
Girlfriend: Yeah I am, I love you so much!
Boyfriend: ....
Girlfriend: What's wrong?
Boyfriend: I'm confused but I don't feel a connection to you anymore. Sorry but I don't think it would be fair to stay with you.
Girlfriend (thinking*) FUCK. fuck. I need some alcohol because thats what you do after getting dumped.
His mother even says that Qiu must not respect her own body.
我们熟悉的must not通常表示禁止，譬如You must not cross the road until the light goes green. 交通灯变绿之前不能过马路。但是这里的must not并不是禁止的意思。实际上，情态动词也常常用来表示推测，不同的词程度不同，must程度最强，could其次，may/might最弱。例如 He must/may not know the answer。他一定/也许不知道这个问题的答案。这里就不能翻译为他不能知道问题的答案。
当然，如果是对过去情况的推测，谓语动词应该用「must + have + 过去分词」的形式。譬如It must/could/might/may have rained last night. The ground is wet.
In a recent episode of the popular Chinese TV series “Ode to Joy,” which began its second season this month, Qiu Yingying, one of the show’s five young female protagonists living in Shanghai, gets dumped by her boyfriend after he finds out that she is not a virgin. His mother even says that Qiu must not respect her own body.
在中国非常受欢迎的电视剧《欢乐颂》于这个月开播，在最近一集中，生活在上海的「五美」之一的女主角邱莹莹在被男友发现其不是处女后被分手。她男友的妈妈甚至说邱莹莹不自爱。
Even in 2017, a preference among heterosexual men for female virgins — or chunü qingjie, “the virgin complex” — persists in China. But there are signs that the trend is reversing. In some quarters, one set of social pressures is giving way to another, as young people are shamed both for having too much sexual experience and too little.
heterosexual 意思是异性恋。这里需要记住的是hetero-这个前缀，意思是相反的，相异的，字典的意思是a combining form meaning “different,” “other”，和sexual结合为heterosexual即为attracted to the opposite sex，即为异性恋。除此而外，常见的词有heterogeneous，意思为混杂的，a heterogeneous collection of buildings风格各异的一组建筑。
相反地，前缀homo-表示相同的，同一的，那么homosexual就是同性恋。我们通常称同性恋为gay，gay是一个形容词，不能做名词，我们不能说 he is a gay, 只能说 he is gay或者he is a gay man。在国外，男同性恋和女同性恋都可以统称为gay，我们也可以说一个女孩She is gay。homosexual是更加正式一点的表达，适用于学术或者一些较正式的语境。
一般指男同性恋还有一个词 queer，国内有时候翻译为「酷儿」。字典释义为an offensive word used to describe someone who is homosexual，especially a man。一般认为这个词具有侮辱性（derogatory），使用的时候要谨慎。但其实并非完全如此，国外1980年代以来的同性恋平权呼声已经大大地消解了这个词的贬义成分，国外有些gay反而非常乐意被称为queer，似乎带着些自我调侃的意味。
virgin complex 即为处女情结。这里的complex不是复杂的意思，而是指「心理情节/纠结」：a related group of emotionally significant ideas that are completely or partly repressed ant that cause psychic conflict leading to abnormal mental states or behaviour 。说白了，就是指心理上复杂的纠结情绪，比如there is no point having a complex about your looks. 实在没必要总是纠结于自己的长相。
in some quarters 这里的quarter是指团体，即among or from different groups of people。具体而言，这里指的是年轻人（大学生）团体。例如Doubts were expressed in many quarters 许多团体都表达了疑虑。
Even in 2017, a preference among heterosexual men for female virgins — or chunü qingjie, “the virgin complex” — persists in China. But there are signs that the trend is reversing. In some quarters, one set of social pressures is giving way to another, as young people are shamed both for having too much sexual experience and too little.
即便是在2017年的中国，直男们在婚恋时对处女的偏爱——“处女情结”依然持续存在。但也有一些迹象比较这种情况在逆转。在一些团体中，一方社会压力正在让位于另外一方，就像年轻人同时以太多的性经验和太少的性经验为耻。
The issue of the virgin complex has sparked heated discussion in Chinese online forums. A post about the “Ode to Joy” plot on Zhihu, a Quora-like question-and-answer forum, received a wide spectrum of responses. While most female respondents disapproved of Qiu’s boyfriend’s behavior, many male commentators were less critical of his attitude, seeing it as a matter of personal preference rather than a product of chauvinism.
spark heated discussion 引起激烈的讨论，可以记下来，用在你的作文里。
a wide spectrum of responses 其中spectrum是范围，幅度之意，则spectrum of responses说明引发的观点各式各样，即the discussion represent opposite ends of the spectrum。这里可见用词的灵活性。
disapproved of 是指不赞同，不喜欢，并不是不允许的意思。这里是说大多数女性讨论者都不认同应勤的做法。相反的，approve of 更加偏向态度上的赞同，喜欢，而不是允许。这是很多人都没有搞清楚的知识点。
approve 指允许，批准，是比较官方的用法，释义为to consent to officially or formally，例如The boss approved the plan。老板批准了这个计划。
approve of 是指态度上的赞成，喜欢，释义为to show, feel, or express approval。例如The boss approved of the plan。老板赞成这个计划（但可能还没有批准）。
disapprove和disapprove of的区别类似。
chauvinism 是指大男子主义，释义为a belief that your own sex is better or more important than the other sex, especially if you are a man。
The issue of the virgin complex has sparked heated discussion in Chinese online forums. A post about the “Ode to Joy” plot on Zhihu, a Quora-like question-and-answer forum, received a wide spectrum of responses. While most female respondents disapproved of Qiu’s boyfriend’s behavior, many male commentators were less critical of his attitude, seeing it as a matter of personal preference rather than a product of chauvinism.
有关处女情结的话题在中国的互联网上激起了热烈的讨论。在一个类似Quora的问答网站知乎上就有很多不同的观点。虽然很多女性讨论者都不认同邱莹莹男友的行为，很多男性网友的批评之声就弱了很多，他们将其看为一种个人喜好标准而不非大男子主义的产物。
