专栏名称: 广东疾控

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When should I wash my hands? 什么时候应清洁双手？

广东疾控 · 公众号 · 养生 · 2017-03-29 21:26

正文

Influenza viruses mainly spread through droplets when infected people cough, sneeze or talk. The infection may also spread by direct contact with the secretions of infected persons.

流感病毒主要通过由患者咳嗽、打喷嚏或说话时产生的飞沫传播，亦可通过直接接触患者的分泌物而传播。

How can I prevent getting seasonal influenza?

如何预防感染流感？

To prevent getting seasonal influenza, members of public are advised to:

要预防感染流感，市民应该：

Receive seasonal influenza vaccination for personal protection
接种季节性流感疫苗，以保障个人健康
Wash hands frequently with liquid soap and water, especially before touching the mouth, nose or eyes, or after touching public installations such as handrails or door knobs
经常使用肥皂和清水洁手，特别在触摸口、鼻或眼之前，或触摸扶手或门把等公共设施后
When hands are not visibly soiled, clean them with 70 – 80% alcohol-based handrub
当双手没有明显污垢时，可用含70－80%的酒精搓手液洁净双手

Cover the nose and mouth when sneezing or coughing, and wash hands thoroughly afterwards
打喷嚏或咳嗽时应掩盖口鼻，然后应彻底洗手
Dispose of soiled tissue paper properly in a lidded rubbish bin
将污染的纸巾弃置于有盖垃圾箱内
Put on a surgical mask when having respiratory symptoms
如出现呼吸道感染症状，应佩戴外科口罩

Maintain good indoor ventilation
保持室内空气流通
When influenza is prevalent, avoid going to crowded or poorly ventilated public places; high-risk individuals may consider putting on surgical masks while in such places;
在流感高峰期，避免前往人多拥挤或空气不流通的公共场所；高危人群在这些地方逗留时可考虑佩戴外科口罩

Maintain a balanced diet, exercise regularly, take adequate rest, do not smoke and avoid overstress
保持均衡饮食、规律运动及充足休息，不要吸烟和避免过大的生活压力

When should I wash my hands?

什么时候应清洁双手？

Remember to wash your hands under the following conditions:

市民在以下情况应清洁双手：

Before touching the eyes, nose and mouth

在接触眼、鼻及口前

Before eating or handling food

进食及处理食物前

After using the toilet

如厕后

When hands are contaminated by respiratory secretions, e.g. after coughing or sneezing

当手被呼吸道分泌物污染时，如打喷嚏及咳嗽后

After touching public installations or equipment, such as escalator handrails, elevator control panels or door knobs

触摸过公共物品，例如电梯扶手、升降机按钮及门把后

After changing diapers or handling soiled articles when looking after young children or the sick

为幼童或病人更换尿片后，及处理被污染的物品后

Before and after visiting hospitals or residential care homes or caring for the sick

探访医院、院舍或护理病人之前后

After making contact with animals, poultry or their droppings

接触动物、家禽或粪便后

In general, members of the public should wash hands with soap and water when hands are visibly dirty or visible soiled with blood, body fluid, after using the toilet or changing the diapers. When hands are not visibly soiled, clean them with 70 – 80% alcohol-based handrub.

一般情况下，当双手有明显污垢或被血液、体液污染，如厕后或更换尿片后，应用肥皂及清水洗手。如双手没有明显污垢时，可用含70－80%酒精搓手液洁净双手。

When shall I wear a surgical mask?

什么时候需要戴上外科口罩？

Members of public should wear a surgical mask when respiratory symptoms develop, e.g. fever, runny nose, coughing or sneezing; or care for patients with respiratory symptoms and visit clinics or hospital. When influenza is prevalent, avoid going to crowded or poorly ventilated public places; high-risk individuals may consider putting on surgical masks while in such places.

市民如有呼吸道感染症状时，如发烧、流鼻涕、咳嗽或打喷嚏等，或要照顾有呼吸道症状的患者及进入诊所或医院时，均应戴上外科口罩。在流感高峰期，避免前往人多拥挤或空气不流通的公共场所；高危人群在这些地方逗留时可考虑佩戴外科口罩。

（来源：香港卫生防护中心）

统筹：宁可儿

整理：雷未明

美编：晓马哥

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