安迪 （碧山-大巴窑集选区议员） 询问数码发展及新闻部长：

（a）现行社交媒体公司监管是否包含审查其推送内容的算法？

（b）若未包含，是否考虑在下一轮监管强化中纳入，以降低有害内容对新加坡用户的风险？

杨莉明 （ 数码发展及新闻部长） ：新加坡采取结果导向的网络内容监管方式，我们的重点在于最大限度减少有害内容对新加坡用户的影响，无论这些内容是如何产生的，也无论影响是如何产生的。我们继续关注包括欧洲和美国在内的其他地区的法规，这些法规旨在强制要求社交媒体平台使用的算法具有透明度。我们注意到，这些监管方法仍处于早期发展阶段，对其在确保网络安全方面的有效性还没有达成共识。

根据《社交媒体服务互联网行为准则》 （ Code of Practice for Online Safety for social media services） ，指定的社交媒体服务必须确保其用户可以使用平台上的工具来管理自身安全，例如限制有害内容和不受欢迎的互动的可见性的工具。《准则》还要求各平台确保不得针对儿童接收有损其身心健康的内容，并设置更严格的账户设置。《准则》并未规定指定的社交媒体服务应如何实施这些措施。

为加强网络安全，《准则》还规定指定社交媒体服务每年向资讯通信媒体发展局 （IMDA） 提交问责报告。这些报告必须包含它们为打击有害内容和改善用户安全而采取的措施的相关信息。 资讯通信媒体发展局 （IMDA） 目前正在审查首批年度网络安全 （online safety） 报告，随后将公布审查结果。

我们将继续研究不断变化的网络环境，并评估是否需要加强对社交媒体服务的监管， 作为提升新加坡网络安全工作的组成部分。

Mr Saktiandi Supaat asked the Minister for Digital Development and Information (a) whether current regulation of social media companies includes an ability to review the behind-the-scenes algorithms that such companies employ to push content to users; and (b) if not, whether the Ministry will consider that in the next round of strengthening regulations to mitigate the risks of harmful social media content to Singapore users.

Mrs Josephine Teo : Singapore's approach to online content regulations is outcome-based. We focus on ways to minimise exposure of harmful online content to Singapore users, regardless of how the content is generated or how the exposure comes about. We continue to monitor regulations elsewhere, including Europe and the United States, that seek to mandate transparency over the algorithms used by social media platforms. We note that these regulatory approaches are still in the early stages of development and there is no consensus on their effectiveness in ensuring online safety.

Under the Code of Practice for Online Safety for social media services, designated social media services have to ensure that their users have access to tools on their platforms to manage their own safety, such as tools to restrict visibility of harmful content and unwanted interactions. The Code also requires platforms to ensure that children must not be targeted to receive content that is detrimental to their physical and mental well-being, and put in place more restrictive account settings. The Code does not prescribe how the designated social media services are to implement these measures.

To enhance online safety, the Code also mandates that designated social media services submit annual accountability reports to the Infocomm Media Development Authority (IMDA). These reports must contain information about measures that they have put in place to combat harmful content and improve users' safety. IMDA is currently reviewing the first annual online safety reports and will subsequently publish the findings.

We will continue to study the evolving online landscape and review if additional regulations for social media services are needed as part of our ongoing efforts to enhance online safety in Singapore.

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