经常有读者在作文专栏留言反映每次看到作文题目不知道怎样构思，怎样对作文进行展开。为了更好地说明整个写作过程，今天我会在这里动手写一篇作文，并且会详细说明整篇作文从构思到完成的过程。我会具体说明在写下每一句话时我都是怎么思考的，希望能够给你带来启发。
以下面这道题目为例：
Detailed reporting of crime in the media can lead to negative influences on society and therefore news media should be strictly controlled. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
题目要求我们讨论是否应该对媒体上的犯罪报道进行严格管控。这篇作文写成完全同意，完全不同意，或者是部分同意题目观点都是可以的。这里我们选择写成同意题目观点。
审题结束之后可以开始想观点，媒体上的犯罪报道需要被管控，主要观点有：
（1） 媒体对犯罪的详细报道可能会引发更多的犯罪，因为潜在的罪犯可能会受报道的启发而实施犯罪，媒体报道的细节也可以为其他人犯罪提供方法指引。
（2） 媒体对犯罪的详细报道可能会引发公众恐慌，让民众误以为自己时刻处于危险当中，这还会导致他们不信任陌生人。
同时，为了使文章论证更为客观，我们还需要想反面观点。媒体上的犯罪报道不需要被管控的原因有：
（1） 这些内容报道有助于让民众意识到身边潜在的危险，从而能够采取行动保护自己和家人。
审题和立意完成后就可以开始写文章了。
第一段第一句话先介绍题目的背景：媒体上的犯罪报道可能会对社会产生消极影响，引发公众担忧。
Today criminal cases often receive extensive news coverage, a trend that has raised public concern about the negative impacts of crime reporting.
其中 criminal cases often receive extensive news coverage 是题目中 detailed reporting of crime in the media 的一种替换表达。
第二句话表明自己的观点，媒体对犯罪的报道需要被监管，甚至被严格控制：
In my view, detailed reports of crime should be regulated or even strictly controlled.
接下来开始写第二段，论证为什么这些报道需要被管控。
第二段第一句先介绍第一个分论点：媒体对犯罪的详细报道可能会引发更多的犯罪。
Detailed reports on crime may incite more violence.
接下来对上面这个论点进行解释：潜在的罪犯可能会受媒体报道的启发而实施犯罪，媒体报道的细节也可以为其他人犯罪提供方法指引
Research shows that massive media coverage of crime sometimes leads to a surge of similar cases as prospective offenders could take their cue from the perpetrators.
上面的句子用到了一个外刊中经常出现的词组 take your cue from sb. / sth. 它的含义是“模仿某人，效仿某人”。
解释完这个论点后，我们可以进一步扩展：如果政府严格控制这些内容，就可以减少犯罪。
By keeping a tight rein on crime reports, governments can reduce the number of copycat crimes.
这里同样用到一个词组 keep a tight rein on sb. / sth. 含义是“对某人/某事物严加控制”，它可以用来替换题目中 strictly controlled，增加用词多样性。
copycat crime 是一个专有名词，含义是“模仿犯罪”。（“山寨产品”可以翻译为 copycat products）
接下来开始写第二个分论点：媒体对犯罪的详细报道可能会引发公众的恐慌。
Another problem arising from crime reporting is an overly high perception of crime.
注意这里 arise 是不及物动词，可以说 something arises from something 但不可以说 something arises something.
接下来解释这个论点：当人们接触到大量的犯罪报道时，他们可能会认为危险无处不在。
When people are bombarded with stories of murders and other serious offences on a regular basis, they may feel such events are commonplace.
这里bombarded with 有“遭到大量信息轰炸”的意思，比用 people are surrounded by 要更为形象。
接下来我们要对这一句话进行扩展，扩展的方法是思考目前的情形会带来什么样的结果：人们看到太多负面报道会产生恐慌和悲观情绪，同时这可能会让一些人对陌生人怀有戒备心，对不利于社区和谐。
This will put them in a state of paranoia and pessimism, and lead some to distrust strangers for fear of being harmed, often to the detriment of community cohesion.
上面句子中 to the detriment of something 也是一个外刊常用表达，含义是“对……不利”。
主要观点阐述完后，我们可以进入第三段，阐述平衡观点。
第三段第一句话先对观点进行介绍：犯罪内容报道有助于让民众意识到身边潜在的危险，从而能够采取行动保护自己和家人。
On the other hand, detailed reporting on crime helps citizens to safeguard themselves against potential threats by making them well-informed about events that happen around them.
接下来对观点进行举例说明：
If people can learn from the media that there are dangerous criminals at large in their neighborhood, then they will take necessary precautions to protect their families and themselves, for instance, in the form of installing surveillance cameras and iron gates.
上面这个长句中 at large 的含义是“（危险人物或动物）在逃的，未被捕获的”，例如新概念英语3第一课的标题就是 A puma at large.
in the form of sth. 也是一个写作常用的词组，它的含义是“通过……的形式”。
接下来我们可以进一步扩展，这次扩展的方法是举反例：如果民众接触不到这些信息，他们会怎么样。
Without access to such information, innocent citizens might fall prey to offenders.
上面的句子里面 fall prey to 也是一个很好用的词组，它的含义是“受……所伤害”。
平衡观点的论证到这里就结束了，接下来可以写结尾段。
结尾段第一句话总结观点：
Overall, crime reporting that may incite violence or cause widespread panic should be tightly controlled.
第二句话对观点做进一步补充：政府还应该让公众了解身边的危险，保护公众的安全。
At the same time, governments should try to make the public fully aware of potential dangers around them for the sake of individuals and society as a whole.
至此全文结束，下面是完整版本：
习作/魏剑峰
Today criminal cases often receive extensive news coverage, a trend that has raised public concern about the negative impacts of crime reporting. In my view, detailed reports of crime should be regulated or even strictly controlled.
Detailed reports on crime may incite more violence. Research shows that massive media coverage of crime sometimes leads to a surge of similar cases as prospective offenders could take their cue from the perpetrators. By keeping a tight rein on crime reports, governments can reduce the number of copycat crimes. Another problem arising from crime reporting is an overly high perception of crime. When people are bombarded with stories of murders and other serious offences on a regular basis, they may feel such events are commonplace. This will put them in a state of paranoia and pessimism, and lead some to distrust strangers for fear of being harmed, often to the detriment of community cohesion.
On the other hand, detailed reporting on crime helps citizens to safeguard themselves against potential threats by making them well-informed about events that happen around them. If people can learn from the media that there are dangerous criminals at large in their neighborhood, then they will take necessary precautions to protect their families and themselves, for instance, in the form of installing surveillance cameras and iron gates. Without access to such information, innocent citizens might fall prey to offenders.
Overall, crime reporting that may incite violence or cause widespread panic should be tightly controlled. At the same time, governments should try to make the public fully aware of potential dangers around them for the sake of individuals and society as a whole.
预告：
我在接下来的推送中要分析的作文题目是：
Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
感兴趣的同学可以参考本文的思路，自己尝试着写一篇出来，字数要求在250-400词。
推荐：写英语作文总是没思路怎么办？
上篇：怎样写一篇作文？（14）
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