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bbclearningenglish
.com英语六分钟节目。
Finn:
Hello, I'm Finn, welcome to 6 Minute English. With me in the studio today is Neil.
大家好，我是费恩。欢迎收听本期BBC英语六分钟。今天和我一起主持节目的是尼尔。
Neil:
Hi there, Finn.
你好，费恩。
Finn:
Hello Neil. Today we have a royal story about Catherine, Duchess of
Cambridge – or as she is still often known – Kate Middleton.
你好，尼尔。今天我们来聊聊皇室成员剑桥公爵夫人凯瑟琳即众所周知的凯特·米德尔顿。
Neil:
Yes, Prince William's wife has been in the news this week after a
well-known British novelist compared her to a "shop-window mannequin
with no personality of her own".
没错，威廉王子的妻子这周登上了热搜，因为一位英国著名小说家把她形容为“橱窗里没有个性的人体模型”。
Finn:
Yes, now the novelist in question is a woman called Hilary Mantel. She
has won a number of awards for her books set during the rule of Henry
VIII - he's an English king from the Tudor period.
是的，这位小说家是一个女人，名叫希拉里·曼特尔。她写了很多有关亨利八世（都铎时期的一位英国国王）统治时期的书籍，并因此荣获了很多奖项。
Neil:
The Tudor period – that's the 16th Century, well from 1485-1603 to be precise!
都铎时期指的是公元16世纪，更准确来说是1485-1603年。
Finn:
Very good, Neil, and as a history graduate I'm not surprised you knew
that! But can you tell me, how many wives Henry VIII had? Was it: a)
four b) five c) six?
很好尼尔，作为历史学专业的学生，你了解这些我一点都不惊讶！但是你能告诉我，亨利八世有多少个老婆吗？是四位、五位还是六位呢？
Neil:
Well I took my degree a long time ago but I can still remember, I'm pretty sure, the answer is 'c' – six.
我都毕业很久了。但是我还是很清楚地记得，我敢肯定是六位。
Finn:
Ok, well let's find out if you are right at the end of the programme.
Going back to Hilary Mantel, her quotes are from a long speech she made -
the London Review of Books Lecture - on the subject of royal women.
好的，在节目的最后，我们再看你的回答是否正确。我们还是回到有关希拉里·曼特尔的话题上。之前复述的她那段话出自她以前做的一个长篇演讲——《伦敦书评》，主要讲的是皇室贵妇。
Neil:
We're going to listen to three clips from the speech itself. In the
first, just pay attention to the descriptive language you hear.
接下来我们要听三个演讲片段。在第一个片段中，注意听描述性语言。
Kate
Middleton, as she was, appeared to have been designed by a committee,
and built by craftsmen, with the perfect, plastic smile, and the
spindles of her limbs hand-turned and gloss-varnished.
凯特·米德尔顿看起来像是由委员会设计出来的，被工匠打造过一样，她的微笑完美却很虚伪，四肢像被手工打磨过一样，泛着油漆般的光泽。
Finn:
We hear a number of interesting phrases here: Kate is "designed by a
committee" –which means designed by a group of people who all have an
interest in the outcome.
我们刚刚听到了很多有趣的短语。比如，凯特是“委员会创造出来的成果”，即她是由一群对其出场效果感兴趣的人设计的。
Neil:
Yes, it's a negative phrase. She is then "built by craftsmen" with the "perfect, plastic smile".
没错，这是个贬义词。还说“她是由工匠们打造出来的，微笑完美却很虚伪”。
Finn:
And it goes on to say that the "spindles of her limbs are hand-turned
and gloss varnished". A spindle is a thin, wooden rod – and so this is a
description you would expect of a beautiful doll: lovingly hand-made
and then covered in shiny, protective varnish.
接着希拉里·曼特尔提到凯特的四肢像被手工打磨过一样，泛着油漆般的光泽。spindle原指细长的木棒，所以这个词常用来形容漂亮的洋娃娃，比如说：这个洋娃娃由手工制作，外表涂着光亮的保护漆，可爱至极。
Neil:
Indeed – the language used is quite imaginative, as we'd expect from an
award-winning novelist, and it uses the vocabulary of craft or
craftsmanship. And it's extended metaphor, we might say, - a long
comparison.
恩，不愧是知名小说家，她的语言富于想象力，所用词汇也尽是工艺术语。这就是我们所谓的扩喻。
Finn:
But when the long comparison is to a doll – to an object – you can see why it has caused controversy.
但是这个扩喻是把凯特比喻成了一个洋娃娃，所以也就不难理解为什么引起争议了。
Neil:
That's right, which is the interesting point: by comparing Kate
Middleton to an object, Hilary Mantel is really describing how she is
portrayed by the media.
是的，有趣的是：
通过把凯特·米德尔顿比作一个物体，希拉里·曼特尔其实是想写出媒体对她的描述。
Finn:
We call this process objectification – becoming an object.
我们把这称之为物化。
Neil:
Let's listen to a bit more of the speech.
下面我们来听听第二个片段。
Machine-made,
precision-made: so different from Diana, whose human awkwardness and
emotional incontinence showed in every gesture.
凯特·米德尔顿的机械化，精确化与黛安娜王妃有着天壤之别，黛安娜举手投足之间都能显示出其尴尬的表情与失控的情绪。
Neil:
Again we hear the language of manufacture – Kate is "precision-made",
"machine-made" – made according to precise plans, as if by machine.
这里我们听到了工业术语——凯特是precision-made，machine-made，即她是按照精确计划制作出来的，就像是由机器制造出来的一样。
Finn:
Unlike Diana who was very human. She talks about Diana's "emotional
incontinence". Incontinence is when you can't control yourself when you
need the toilet.
不像戴安娜那么人性化，在这里，她说戴安娜会“情绪失控”。Incontinence原意指尿失禁。
Neil:
So emotional incontinence is when you can't stop your emotions from
showing – they showed "in her every gesture" – in each gesture or
movement of her body.
所以情绪失控是指控制不住自己的情绪，从而会“显示在她的每个动作里”。
Finn:
Although Mantel says she may have had more personality, as we know, things ended badly for Diana:
尽管曼特尔说戴安娜可能更有个性，但我们都知道她的结局却很悲惨。
We
don't cut off the heads of royal ladies these days but we do sacrifice
them, and we did memorably drive one to destruction a scant generation
ago.
我们虽然不会砍皇室女人的头，但我们确实是在牺牲她们。不久前，我们就曾经摧毁了一位贵妇的生命。
Finn:
Hilary Mantel suggests that the media and public drove Diana to
destruction – the constant attention on her private life was what caused
Diana's death.
希拉里·曼特尔暗示公众和媒体毁了戴安娜。他们不断关注她的私生活，直到把她逼死。
Neil:
And this happened "a scant generation ago" - which means "barely a generation ago" – not long at all.
这件事就发生在a scant generation ago，即仅一代人以前，也就是不久前。
Finn:
Now, as I'm sure many people will know Diana died in a car crash, but
many royals in history died by one particular means – as Mantel says –
they had their heads cut off.
我想大多数人都知道戴安娜死于车祸，但从历史上来看，很多皇室成员均死于一种特定方式，即曼特尔所说的斩首。
Neil:
Which brings us back to the question at the beginning of the programme.
I know that two of Henry VIII's wives had their heads cut off, or were
beheaded, but you asked how many he had in total.
这让我想起了最一开始的那个问题。我知道亨利八世有两位妻子被砍了头，但你的问题是他总共有几个妻子。
Finn:
Yes, was it: a) four b) five c) six, Neil?
没错，是四个、五个还是六个呢？
Neil:
And I said 'c' – six.
我选的是六个。
Finn:
And you were absolutely right so well done there.
完全正确，不错嘛。
Neil:
My memory is good.
我记性不错。
Finn:
Very good. Before we go, Neil, could you remind us of some of the words we learned today?
很好。尼尔，在节目结束之前，你能帮我们回顾一下今天学到的单词吗？
Neil:
Yes. We heard: shop-window mannequin, objectification, machine-made, emotional incontinence, gesture, scant, beheaded.
没问题。今天我们听到了：
shop-window mannequin
橱窗模特
objectification
物化，客观化
machine-made
机器制造的
emotional incontinence
情绪失控
gesture
姿势，动作
scant
少量的，不足的
beheaded
砍头
Finn:
Thanks Neil. Well, that's it for today, let's behead the programme.
Please join us again soon for another 6 Minute English from
bbclearningenglish.
谢谢你，尼尔。好了，以上就是本期节目的全部内容。到此结束。欢迎继续收听我们下一期的BBC六分钟。
Both:
Bye.
再见。
That was 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.com.
以上是bbclearningenglish.com英语六分钟节目。
