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“散了?”这次不是闹着玩的

考研英语外刊阅读  · 公众号  ·  · 2024-06-07 07:59

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上期划线句答案

While the discussion section comprises most of the convince phase, strategic sentences can be sprinkled throughout the results and even the methods to explain the authors’ rationale as the audience moves through the study.

虽然讨论部分占据了说服阶段的大部分内容,在结果和方法部分也可以穿插一些策略性的句子,有助于在读者梳理整个研究的过程中解释作者的原理。

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本期内容


双语阅读


Para.1


By the summer America’s S&P 500 index of leading shares had risen by 28% from a trough hit the previous autumn. Analysts hunted for a new model to explain what was going on, and the popular choice revolved around the “Magnificent Seven”. The reason was that shares in this group of tech giants—Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, Meta, Microsoft, Nvidia and Tesla—were acting as if they made up a market of their own. By the start of June the S&P 500 had risen by 12% since the beginning of the year, but virtually the entire gain was down to these seven stocks, with the other 493 having collectively moved sideways. By July they were the biggest seven companies in the index. By late October the Magnificent Seven had added $3.4trn (or 50%) to their combined market value since the start of the year, even as the other 493 had lost $1trn (3.8%). Apple was the group’s worst performer but had nevertheless seen its share price rise by 30%.



到去年夏天,涵盖美国主要股票的标准普尔500指数已经从前年秋天的低谷上涨了28%。分析师们一直在寻找一种新模型来解释这一现象,最流行的一个是围绕“美股七巨头”展开的。原因是这一组科技巨头——Alphabet、亚马逊、苹果、Meta、微软、英伟达和特斯拉——的股票表现仿佛自成一个市场。 翻译划线句,在文末留言打卡,答案下期公布~ 截至去年7月,它们已成为标普500指数里最大的七家公司。到10月底,“七巨头”的总市值比去年年初增加了3.4万亿美元(涨幅为50%),而其他493家公司损失了1万亿美元(3.8%)。苹果是这个群组中表现最差的,但股价也上涨了30%。

点击此处查看翻译


1. trough

英/ trɒf /美/ trɔːf /

n.(喂家畜的)饲料槽,饮水槽;(商业活动等的)淡季,低谷;(波浪间的)波谷,(小山间的)低谷;低压槽,槽形低压;(用于培植植物、调配化学制品的)槽形容器;(运水的)沟槽;地表槽谷;钱槽,钱眼;(数)凹点

v.狼吞虎咽

2. revolve around

围绕……转动;以……为中心

3. performer

英/ pəˈfɔːmə(r) /美/ pərˈfɔːrmər /

n.表演者,演出者,演员;表现……的人(或事物),性能……的事物;(业绩好或业绩差的)公司,产品

点击此处查看词汇词组


Para.2


Alas, the band has broken up . One feature of the storming bull run that began on October 27th is that the Magnificent Seven have stopped charging as a pack. As the broader S&P 500 has risen by 26%, three of the group have turned from leaders to laggards : the share prices of Alphabet and Apple have underperformed, while that of Tesla has fallen outright . The remaining four have beaten the index, but by wildly differing amounts. Whereas Microsoft has done only slightly better than the average S&P 500 member, Nvidia’s shares have rocketed by an astonishing 129%. Six of the seven are still the index’s largest stocks, but Tesla has been replaced by Berkshire Hathaway, Warren Buffett’s investment vehicle.



可惜,这支队伍已经解散了。从去年10月27日开始的一轮强劲牛市有个特点,就是七巨头已经不再集体上冲。随着标普500指数上涨26%,其中三家公司在股市上已经从领头羊变成了落后者:Alphabet和苹果的股价表现弱于大盘,特斯拉的股价则直线下跌。其余四家公司都跑赢了指数,但幅度大不相同。微软的表现仅略好于标普500成分股的平均水平,而英伟达的股价却飙升了惊人的129%。在这七只股票中,仍有六只是该指数的最大成分股,但特斯拉已被巴菲特的投资公司伯克希尔·哈撒韦取代。

点击此处查看翻译


1. break up

分手;解散;打碎;分解

2. laggard

英/ ˈlæɡəd /美/ ˈlæɡərd /

n.迟钝懒散者;迟缓者;涣散的机构;技不如人者

adj.落后的;迟钝的;迟缓的

3. outright

英/ ˈaʊtraɪt /美/ ˈaʊtraɪt /

adj.完全的,彻底的;公开的,直率的;绝对的,全面的

adv.公开地,直率地;完全地,彻底地;立刻,立即;一次付清地

点击此处查看词汇词组


Para.3


What happened? Last spring the narrative was obvious: the Magnificent Seven would end up as the winners from the artificial-intelligence (AI) gold rush. All were enormous to begin with, which would help them weather any downturn and outspend rivals on research and development. Each had already conquered its respective niche of the tech world, meaning they could probably carry on outsmarting other firms. And their big cash balances stopped rising interest rates from looking too threatening.



到底发生了什么?去年春天的故事线很明显:“七巨头”最终会成为人工智能淘金热的赢家。它们本就体量庞大,这能帮助它们抵御任何经济衰退,并且能在研发开支上压过竞争对手。每家公司都已在科技业中占领了各自的利基市场,这意味着它们接下来可能也会比其他公司智高一筹。而且,它们的巨额现金余额让利率上升看起来不那么凶险。

点击此处查看翻译


1. enormous

英/ ɪˈnɔːməs /美/ ɪˈnɔːrməs /

adj.巨大的,极大的;凶暴的,极恶的

2. outspend

英/ ˌaʊtˈspend /美/ aʊtˈspend /

v.开支比……更大,花费超过……

3. conquer

英/ ˈkɒŋkə(r) /美/ ˈkɑːŋkər /

v.占领,攻克,征服;击败,战胜;克服(恐惧),解决(问题);成功攀登;在……很受欢迎,在……取得成功

4. niche

英/ niːʃ /美/ niːʃ /

n.合适(称心)的工作(活动)(one's niche);壁龛;(产品的)商机;生态位(一个生物所占生境的最小单位)

v.把……放在壁龛中

adj.(产品)针对特定小群体的

5. carry on

继续做,从事;坚持,不顾困难或挫折;行为或言谈愚蠢、兴奋或不当

点击此处查看词汇词组


Para.4


In part this seductive story has fallen apart because, like all models, it was oversimplified to begin with. The idea of the Magnificent Seven as “big tech” incarnate —or at least of “big tech” as a homogenous group—was always something of a stretch. Aside from trillion-dollar valuations and hordes of clever employees, a manufacturer of AI chips (Nvidia) does not have an awful lot in common with an online retailer (Amazon) or a purveyor of social networks (Meta). Nor does a software firm born in 1975 (Microsoft) necessarily share the prospects of an electric-vehicle maker established in 2003 (Tesla). In this, the Magnificent Seven concept was not alone. Think of the arbitrariness of the “BRICS” gang of countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa), or of the even bigger and more amorphous “emerging markets” group.



在某种程度上,这个诱人的故事已经讲不下去了,因为像所有模型一样,它一开始就过于简化了。将“七巨头”视为“科技巨头”的化身——或者至少是将“科技巨头”视为一个同质群体——从来都有些牵强。除了都有数万亿美元的估值和大批聪明的员工外,AI芯片制造商(英伟达)和在线零售商(亚马逊)或社交网络提供商(Meta)并没有太多共同之处。成立于1975年的软件公司(微软)也未必会和成立于2003年的电动汽车制造商(特斯拉)有同样的前景。在这方面,“七巨头”的概念不是孤例。想想“金砖国家”(巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非),还有更宽泛、更不固定的“新兴市场”集团,这些定义更加随意。

点击此处查看翻译


1. seductive

英/ sɪˈdʌktɪv /美/ sɪˈdʌktɪv /

adj.有魅力的,性感的;有吸引力的,令人神往的

2. incarnate

英/ ɪnˈkɑːnət /美/ ɪnˈkɑːrnət /

adj.人体化的,化身的;拟人化的;极典型的;以极端形式体现的

v.体现,化身为,使具体化;使人格化,拟人化;(人)体现(某种品质)

3. homogenous

英/ həˈmɒdʒənəs /美/ həˈmɑdʒənəs /

adj.[生物] 同质的;同类的

adj.[数学] 齐次的

4. horde

英/ hɔːd /美/ hɔːrd /

n.一大群,群;游牧部落

5. purveyor

英/ pəˈveɪə(r) /美/ pərˈveɪər /

n.承办商;伙食承办商;供应粮食者;供应货物或提供服务的人或公司

6. arbitrariness

英/ ˈɑːbɪtrərinəs; ˈɑːbɪtrinəs /美/ ˈɑːrbɪtrerinəs /

n.任意,恣意;专断;霸道

7. amorphous

英/ əˈmɔːfəs /美/ əˈmɔːrfəs /

adj.无定形的;无组织的;[物] 非晶形的

点击此处查看词汇词组


Para.5







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