叶酸与肝脏脂肪代谢
此前的研究表明,缺乏叶酸会诱导肝脏促炎性因子分泌的增加以及肝脏脂肪代谢受损,导致肝脏脂肪堆积和纤维化。同时,也有大量的证据表明,叶酸缺乏也促进NAFLD的发生[9]。因此,Boren教授随后开始研究患者肝脏脂肪水平的降低是否由链球菌产生的叶酸介导的。
通过对不同时间患者血清叶酸浓度和脂肪含量进行测量并进行部分回归分析建立线性混合模型,Boren教授发现,血清叶酸浓度的增加可以解释患者肝脏35.4%的脂肪含量降低。同时,通过对患者肝脏细胞进行转录组分析,Boren教授还发现,患者肝细胞内参与脂肪酸合成的基因表达显著下调,同时参与脂肪酸氧化的基因表达升高。
总体来说,Boren教授发现,即使进行短期低碳水化合物等热量饮食,也能显著增加NAFLD患者肝脏蛋白质含量,显著改善NAFLD患者的多种代谢。特别地,他们观察到肝脏脂肪合成明显减少,脂肪酸氧化显著增加,导致肝脏脂肪急剧减少。
同时,他们还发现,低碳饮食会使肠道微生物迅速向叶酸的生产转移。同时,叶酸浓度的增加,可能会导致肝脏脂肪的急剧减少。这也意味着,对于NAFLD患者来说,适当补充叶酸或许很有必要。
参考资料:
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