#骄傲2020# 蕾妮·理查兹：唯一同时参加过大型男子网球赛与女子网球赛的选手

AP Photo/Dave Pickoff

#骄傲2020# 在1977年的美网公开赛中，蕾妮·理查兹（Renée Richards）创造了历史，她成为历史上唯一一个同时参加过大型男子网球赛与女子网球赛的选手，并被视为变性运动员的代言人。

理查兹本是一位小有名气的业余网球运动员和事业有成的眼科医生，曾以男性选手的身份五次参加美网公开赛。而在70年代中期接受变性手术之后，她是否可以作为女运动身份参赛一事引起了广泛争议。当时在美网近百年的赛事历史上竟首次采用了染色体检查，这也成为女性选手获取参赛资格的必备条件。理查兹以性别歧视罪名起诉了美国网球协会，纽约最高法院最终判她胜诉。

此后理查兹继续活跃在网球界，一度在女子网球联合会榜单上排到了第20名，退役后更是担任了玛蒂娜·纳芙拉蒂洛娃的教练，后者在其执教下成为大满贯得主。甚至在那之后，这位耶鲁毕业生继续选择行医，更是被同行赞为全纽约市最棒的眼科医生之一。

#Pride2020# In the 1977 US Open, Renée Richards made history. She became the only player in history to have participated in both the men’s and women’s tennis competitions. She’s  seen as a spokesperson for transgender athletes.

Richards was a little-known amateur tennis player and a successful ophthalmologist who participated in the US Open five times as a male player. After undergoing transsexual surgery in the mid-1970s, whether she could compete as a female athlete caused widespread controversy. At that time, chromosome examination was used for the first time in the history of the US Open nearly 100 years, which became a necessary condition for female players to obtain qualifications. Richards sued the American Tennis Association for sex discrimination, and the New York Supreme Court finally ruled in her favor.