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解读 | 西北大学(Northwestern)比较历史理论与方法荐读书物

Political理论志  · 公众号  ·  · 2021-02-27 19:30

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西北大学 (Northwestern 比较历史理论与方法荐读书物


内容提要 本课程介绍比较历史领域的理论、方法和证据问题。尽管不可避免地会出现方法论主题,但该课程主要不是比较历史方法论课。 这节课总体目标是帮助学生理解,欣赏和批评比较历史分析的优秀作品。反过来,这些技能将帮助想要从事该领域研究的学生创造自己的比较历史分析的出色著作。 课程一共分为三种:阅读、每周作业和参加研讨会。阅读内容包括实质性研究(主要是书籍)和讨论与方法,理论应用和证据有关的问题的著作(主要是文章)。教学大纲的总体组织大致是在实质性研究与方法和理论的阅读之间交替进行。

I. Intro of the Class

Skocpol, Theda, “Sociology's Historical Imagination,” in Theda Skocpol, ed., Vision and Method in Historical Sociology (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984).

Mahoney, James, and Dietrich Rueschemeyer, “Comparative Historical Analysis: Achievements and Agendas,” in James Mahoney and Dietrich Rueschemeyer, eds., Comparative Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003).

Adams, Julia, Elisabeth S. Clemens, and Ann Shola Orloff, eds., “Introduction: Social Theory, Modernity, and the Three Waves of Historical Sociology,” in Julia Adams, Elisabeth S. Clemens, and Ann Shola Orloff, Remaking Modernity: Politics and Processes in Historical Sociology (Durham: Duke University Press, 2005).

2. Examplar 1: Skocpol on Social Revolution

Skocpol, Theda, States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979), introduction and part 1.


这本书我们不仅介绍过好几次,关于后续比较历史分析中的“事件-文化学派”对 Skocpol 的批评,以及Skocopl对其的回击我们也介绍了。参见:

批评 | 斯考切波(1985)回击Sewell:国家权力的革命性重建主导的文化习语和政治意识形态

评论 | Sewell(1985)批评斯考切波:意识形态转型与法国大革命

另外,这本书中文版也有:

Mahoney, James, “Nominal, Ordinal, Narrative Appraisal in Macrocausal Analysis,” American Journal of Sociology 104 (January 1999), pp. 1154-1196 (esp. pp. 1154-1169).


3 . Culture, Structure, Agency

Sewell, William H., Jr., “Ideologies and Social Revolutions: Reflections on the French Case,” Journal of Modern History 57:1 (1985), pp. 57-85.

Skocpol, Theda, “Cultural Idioms and Political Ideologies in the Revolutionary Reconstruction of State Power: A Rejoinder to Sewell,” Journal of Modern History 57:1 (1985), pp. 86-96.

(就是上面2中那两篇)

Sewell, William H., Jr., “A Theory of Structure: Duality, Agency, and Transformation,” American Journal of Sociology 98 (1992), pp. 1-29.

在本中,Sewell调整了吉登斯的结构定义,将其推向了能动性和转型维度。孙宇凡有文探讨,参见:

结构、转型与事件时间性:休厄尔《历史的诸逻辑:社会理论与社会转型》的内在批判


Hays, Sharon, “Structure and Agency and the Sticky Problem of Culture,” Sociological Theory 12:1 (March 1994), pp. 57-72.

4. Exemplar #2: Marx on Race and Nation

Marx, Anthony W., Making Race and Nation: A Comparison of South Africa, the United States, and Brazil (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998).


5. Temporal Analysis


Pierson, Paul, “Increasing Returns, Path Dependence, and the Study of Politics,” American Political Science Review 94 (2000), pp. 251-67.

James Mahoney, “Path Dependence in Historical Sociology,” Theory and Society 29:4 (August 2000), pp. 507-548.


James Mahoney的Path dependence观点很鲜明,一篇文章被李钧鹏老师翻译成中文,参见:

詹姆斯•马奥尼(James Mahoney)| 路径依赖、制度理论与比较历史分析

我们曾组织圆桌论坛,详细探讨过这两篇文章:

话说路径依赖 (上)| 理论志学术圆桌讨论第一期

话说路径依赖 (下)| 理论志学术圆桌讨论第一期


Pierson, Paul. “Big, Slow-Moving, and . . . Invisible: Macrosocial Processes in the Study of Comparative Politics,” 177-207 in James Mahoney and Dietrich Rueschemeyer, eds., Comparative Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003).

Thelen, Kathleen, “How Institutions Evolve: Insights from Comparative Historical Analysis,” 208-40 in James Mahoney and Dietrich Rueschemeyer, eds., Comparative Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003).


路径依赖论文又可参见:

钱力成 | 历史社会学中的路径依赖:两种视角的分析


6. Exemplar #3: Collier on Labor, Elites, and Democracy

Collier, Ruth Berins, Paths Toward Democracy: The Working Class and Elites in Western Europeand South America (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999).

7. Using and Citing Sources

Goldthorpe, John, "The Uses of History in Sociology: Reflections on Some Recent Tendencies," British Journal of Sociology 42 (1991), pp. 211-230.

Lustick, Ian, “History, Historiography, and Political Science: Multiple Historical Records and the Problem of Selection Bias,” American Political Science Review 90 (1996), pp. 605-618.

Milligan, John D., "The Treatment of an Historical Source," History and Theor y 18: 2 (1979), pp. 177-196.

Mariampolski, Hyman, and Dana C. Hughes, "The Use of Personal Documents in Historical Sociology," The American Sociologist 13 (May 1978), pp. 104-113.

Mahoney, James and Celso M. Villegas, “Historical Enquiry and Comparative Politics,” in Carles Boix and Susan C. Stokes, eds., Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007).


8. State Development in England


Anderson, Perry, Lineages of the Absolutist State (London: Verso, 1974), Foreword, Chapters 1-2 and Chapter 5.

Downing, Brian M., The Military Revolution and Political Change: Origins of Democracy and Autocracy in Early Modern Europe (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992), Chapters 1-3 and Chapter 7.

Ertman, Thomas, The Birth of the Leviathan: Building States and Regimes in Medieval and Early Modern Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), chaps. 1 and 4.


以上三本书是比较政治学必读书物。都被翻译成了中文:

这么文献我们介绍过许多回。最有趣的还是埃特曼的模型:

9. Exemplar #4: Schneider on Business Politics in Latin A merica
Schneider, Ben R oss, Business Politics and the State in Twentieth-Century Latin America (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004).

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