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那些经典的中国诗——翻译成英语——竟是这般模样!

凤凰读书  · 公众号  · 读书  · 2017-05-23 06:28

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前言



你一定读过唐诗,很可能经常读,

但可能你从未用英语朗读过唐诗,

这将让你错过一场美的盛宴!


在这纷杂的世界上,总是有很多奇妙的共通之处,比如——

再有背景的小孩,也逃不过被大人喊出来表演节目的命运。



看过视频的读书君表示诧异,当中国父母逼着娃苦学英文的同时,难道“歪果仁”已经能用流利的中文吟诗了?

事实上,中国诗词文化早已走上了国际——


比如1984年,美国总统里根访华,在欢迎晚宴上,他举杯脱口而出:

 

“ Althoughwere side in far corners of the world,

 having a good friend is akin to having agood neighbor.”

 

这句就是唐代著名诗人王勃“海内存知已,天涯若比邻”

 

再如1989年,美国总统老布什访华,曾提到乘船经过三峡的经历时说:

 

“the monkeys who screamed from,

the two sides without stopping.”

 

这一句是李白的“轻舟已过万重山”,暗示中美关系将冲破重重阻力,破浪前行。

 

中国古典文学中,最优秀的作品莫过于唐诗,而英语又是世界上使用范围最广的语言。

 

我们读英译唐诗,在品味中国与西方文化碰撞交流的韵味美,同时更有助于提高自身英文水平。

 

香港大学何中坚教授就将这些美丽的唐诗翻译成了英文,不仅向我们展示了唐诗的另一面,也拯救了看不懂中文的“歪果”唐诗爱好者们。

 

今天,读书君为大家整理出十首耳熟能详的唐诗,一起来看看吧!


离思

元稹(779-831)

 

曾经沧海难为水,除却巫山不是云。

取次花丛懒回顾,半缘修道半缘君。

 

GRIEF OF SEPARTATION

By Yuan Zhen

 

No water is comparable to the green sea;

No cloud to the clouds of Mt Wu.

 

No woman is worthy of my backward glance:

Partly due to ascetic practice, partly you.


秋浦歌十七首其十五

李白

 

白发三千丈,缘愁似个长,

不知明镜里,何处得秋霜。

 

SONGS BY THE RIVERBANK NO.15

By Li Bai

 

To thirty thousand feet

My white hair would grow,

’Cause like this long is my woe.

 

There ’s autumn frost

In the bright mirror-

From where it came I hardly know.


月下独酌

李白

 

花间一壶酒,独酌无相亲。

举杯邀明月,对影成三人。

月既不解饮,影徒随我身。

暂伴月将影,行乐须及春。

我歌月徘徊,我舞影零乱。

醒时同交欢,醉后各分散。

永结无情游,相期邈云汉。

 

DRINKING ALONE UNDER THE MOON

By Li Bai

 

With a jug of wine among flowers,

Alone I drink,

unaccompanied by anyone I know.

 

I raise my cup to invite the bright moon:

Including my shadow, a party of three I throw.

 

The moon knows not the pleasure of drinking;

My shadow vainly follows me wherever I go.

 

The moon and shadow

are for now my companions:

Let’s enjoy life while our young hearts glow.

 

As I sing, the moon lingers around;

As I dance, my shadow moves in disarray.

 

When I’m sober, together we make merry;

When I’m drunk, separate we stay.

 

Let’s pledge forever to be

passionless roaming partners,

To meet again in the faraway Milky Way.


无题(一)

李商隐(813-858)

 

相见时难别亦难,东风无力百花残。

春蚕到死丝方尽,蜡炬成灰泪始干。

晓镜但愁云鬓改,夜吟应觉月光寒。

蓬山此去无多路,青鸟殷勤为探看。

 

UNTITLED

By Li Shangyin

 

Hard it was to meet you –

hard as well to say goodbye.

The east wind’s powerless1, all flowers die.

 

Only when a spring silk-worm perishes,

would its silk be exhausted;

Only when a candle burns to ashes,

would its tears dry.

At dawn by the mirror,

you’d worry your hair may change;

By night reciting poems,

you’d feel the moonlight’s chill above high.

 

The Penglai Mount3 is not far from here:

Green bird4, to look for her please diligently try.


锦瑟

李商隐(813-858)

 

锦瑟无端五十弦,一弦一柱思华年。

庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶,望帝春心托杜鹃。

沧海月明珠有泪,蓝田日暖玉生烟。

此情可待成追忆,只是当时已惘然。


THE ORNATE ZITHER

By Li Shangyin

 

For no reason,

the ornate zither has fifty strings;

Each string with its fret

evokes recollection of a youthful spring.

 

Zhuangzi was baffled

by his dawn dream of being a butterfly;

The cuckoo was entrusted

with the tender soul of a king.

 

In the green sea under a bright moon,

tears would turn into pearls;

In Lantian under a warm sun,

rising mists the jade would bring.

 

Such feeling may be left to memories –

Only at thetime it was a puzzling thing.


春望

杜甫(712-770)

 

国破山河在,城春草木深。

感时花溅泪,恨别鸟惊心。

烽火连三月,家书抵万金。

白头搔更短,浑欲不胜簪。

 

PROSPECT OF SPRING

By Du Fu

 

The Empire has crumbled –

only mountains and rivers remain;

Grass and trees grow thick,

as the city awakes in spring.

 

Grieving the situation,

flowers splash their tears;

Lamenting the separation,

birds startle me as they sing.

 

Nonstop for three months,

beacon fires flare:

A home letter’s worth only

ten thousand pieces of gold can bring.

Scratching my white head shortens the hair:

Indeed too short for a hairpin to cling.


赠花卿

杜甫(712-770)

 

锦城丝管日纷纷,半入江风半入云。

此曲只应天上有,人间能得几回闻。

 

A POEM FOR HUA-QING

By Du Fu

 

Day after day lutes and flutes

run riot in the City of Brocade;

Half of the music goes with the river breeze,

half into the clouds would fade.

 

Such tunes should only belong to Heaven:

On earth, how rarely can we hear them played?


登高

杜甫(712-770)

 

风急天高猿啸哀,渚清沙白鸟飞回。

无边落木萧萧下,不尽长江滚滚来。

万里悲秋常作客,百年多病独登台。

艰难苦恨繁霜鬓,潦倒新停浊酒杯。

 

CLIMBING A HEIGHT

By Du Fu

 

Sharp is the wind under a high sky

amid the gibbons’ howls of woe;

Pure is the islet and its white sand

with birds flying above to and fro.

 

Boundless is the forest

where leaves rustle and fall;

Endless is the Yangtzethat comes

rolling down with its powerful flow.

 

Ten thousand miles from home and

saddened in autumn, often I travel;

One hundred years plagued with sickness,

alone up the terrace I go.

 

Hardships, sufferings and regrets

have added frost to my temples;

Disappointed and unsuccessful in life,

lately drinking I’ve to forgo.


相思

王维(701-761)         

 

红豆生南国,春来发几枝。

愿君多采撷,此物最相思。

  

YEARNING

By Wang Wei

 

Red beans grow in River South.

How many would sprout in spring?

 

I wish you’d pick more, my dear friend:

The closest bond they would bring.


金缕衣

杜秋娘(生卒年不详)

 

劝君莫惜金缕衣,劝君须惜少年时。

花开堪折直须折,莫待无花空折枝。

 

THE GOLD-THREADED GOWN

By Du Qiuniang

 

I urge you,

Cherish not the gold-threaded gown;

Cherish instead the days while you’re young.

 

When flowers are in bloom,

pick them while you may:

Wait not, lest no flowers

but only bare twigs can be found.


好书荐读

在很多人眼中,诗歌具有“不可译性”,翻译过程中韵律、意象等诗性的丢失,会让译文变得索然无味。

 

然而,总有那么一些具有西西弗斯般勇气的学人,明知其不可为而为之,且果真取得了令人击节叹赏的成就。

 

香港大学客座教授何中坚用简浅、明易的英文译唐诗,希望藉此吸引英文优秀的年轻一代接触传统中国文学,让他们从一个全新的角度重新建立与唐诗的联结。


丨英译唐诗的新突破丨

唐诗韵律和谐,有着极佳的音乐感。


所以无论是读、吟或是听起来都教人觉得舒服。


很可惜的是,时下坊间所见的唐诗音译本,皆以散文短句,平铺直叙译出,与原诗样貌不同且不押韵。



《一日看尽长安花:唐诗音译之美》独创“何氏翻译风格”,以浅白的英语,重塑唐诗优雅悦耳的韵律及节奏,且不损翻译的准确性,别具风格。


丨重新品味唐诗的韵味丨


本书在忠于原诗的含意及意境的基础上,用英文谱写优雅音韵,重现了唐诗的之美。

 

这些诗中有不少大家耳熟能详的名句及成语,也有很多艰深的词语、隐喻和典故。

 

这艰深的典故词语,在书中都有详细的脚注,可以让读者在品味唐诗的同时,更了解诗的背景和诗人的当时的感情。

 

丨颐和园馆藏宫廷画首次复刻公开丨

 

《一日看尽长安花:英译唐诗之美》插图皆选自颐和园馆藏宫廷画,出自郎世宁、余樨等名家之手。由绢本原卷复刻而来,极具收藏价值。

 

配以名家之作,中英文对照品味唐诗,别有一番风味。


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