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商业周刊:美国高管为何纷纷裸辞?|双语精读

独霸上海的妖怪  · 公众号  ·  · 2019-07-07 10:11

正文

写在前面


这篇文章是考研英语一2011 Text 2的真题原文,来自Business week。这篇文章我们会分为两周来完成,今天带大家学习第一、二段。


食用指南



在正式开始阅读前,我先教大家如何最大化的利用好 “考研英语真题精读” 这个专栏的内容。


如果你是 今明两年内 会参加 考研 的同学(而且还没有开始做真题),先不要阅读原文,直接阅读每个段落的”词汇讲解“部分,打好词汇基础。等到以后做完真题后,再打开本文,阅读语篇分析,查漏补缺。


如果你是 已考上研究生 今明两年内 不会参加 考研 同学,可直接把这篇文章当做一篇普通的外刊文章来阅读。考研英语真题选自原汁原味的外刊,并且有一定难度,跟下来会对提高阅读理解能力大有裨益。


我们会从 词、句、篇 三个方面帮大家吃透考研阅读真题,采用 各大外刊最鲜 活的语料 刺激大家的记忆。除此之外,还会从考研阅读真题里 提炼写作地道表达和写作句型 ,手把手教大家 从输入 转为输出 ,带大家稳扎稳打地提高语言实力。



外刊原文


大家可以边听音频边阅读文章,听力基础比较好的同学可以先单独听音频,进行听力练习后,再阅读原文。




2011 Text 2

Top managers are quiting, without a new job

When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.


McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations.  And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post.  As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.



精读讲解


2011 Text 1

Top managers are quiting, without a new job


下面我们以段落为单位,逐段精讲。


第一段描述一个高管裸辞的个例,为后文引出普遍现象作铺垫。 个例到普遍 是考研阅读真题常见的开篇方式,也是外刊常见的写作手法,大家需要非常熟悉。

When Liam McGee departed as pres ident of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up . Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “ very much my decision,” McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.



  • 📒 语篇分析: ①句交代 Li am McGe e辞职事件。 ②句用 rather than 引出 LM 与众不同的辞职理由。 exit 呼应上文的 depart 。③句通过引用 LM 的话引出辞职的原因:“为了寻求经营一家公司”。 broadcast 与上文的 cloak 形成对照。 ④句说明 LM 辞职的结果:跳槽到新公司。

  • depart [dɪ'pɑːt] 的含义十分丰富,基本含义是“离开”,类似于我们熟悉的 leave

  • 1.离开工作即“离职”,比如 ◇He departed his job December 16. 他于 12 16 日离职。

  • 2.离开某个位置即“出发”,比如 ◇He departs for Beijing tomorrow morning. 他明天早晨出发去北京。

  • 3.离开人世即“去世”, depart this life 告别此生,是比die委婉许多的表达。

  • 4.离开常规即“违反”,比如 ◇It’s revolutionary music; it departs from the old form and structures. 这是革命性的音乐,突破了旧的形式和结构。

    ✏️英语单词的一词多义都是从基本含义通过映射和联想的方式延伸而来,大家在背单词的时候可以将多个义项联系起来记忆,提升背单词的效率。

  • depart 的名词形式是 departure。

  • straight up 指“坦率的”,相当于 honest

  • cloak [kləʊk] 作名词是“斗篷,披风”的意思,作动词引申为“掩盖,掩饰” (to deliberately hide facts, feelings etc so that people do not see or understand them)

  • vague [veɪg] 指“含糊的,不明确的” (not having or giving enough information or details about sth) ,惯用搭配是 be vague about sth ,比如 ◇Julia was vague about where she had been and what she had been doing. 关于她自己到过哪里,做了些什么,朱莉娅含糊其词。

  • come right out and say sth 是一个固定搭配,指“坦言,直说”,呼应前文的straight up。

  • run 义为“管理,经营” (to be in charge of a business, etc.) 文中run a company指“管理公司” [熟词僻义]

  • broadcast ['brɔːdkɑːst] 作名词指“电视节目,广播节目”,作动词指指“散布,传播” (to tell a lot of people about sth) ,联想到我每天都在听的播客,英文就叫Podcast。

  • for the first time 指“第一次” (used to say that something has never happened or been done before)

  • board 指“董事会”

  • name 作动词义为“任命;委任” (to choose sb for a job or position) ,惯用搭配是 name sb (as) sb/ sth 。近义词还有 appoint , nominate [熟词僻义]

  • 我们在 2011 Text 1 里学过的 appoint 的名词形式 appointment ,再复习一下原句: The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. 2009 年纽约爱乐乐团突然宣布聘请 Alan Gilbert 作为其下一任音乐总监,自此,这一决定一直是古典音乐界热议的话题。



(经济学人精读社正在报名中,点击图片可了解课程详情)


Liam McGee 八月辞去美国银行总裁一职时,他的解释出乎意料的直白。他没有用通常含糊不清的借口来遮掩他的离开,而是直截了当地说他离开是“为了去追求他经营一家公司的目标”。 Liam McGee 表示,宣布志向“就是我自己的决定”。两周之后,他首次与 Hartford Financial Services Group的 董事会进行了商谈。这家公司在 9 29 日任命他为新的董事长兼首席执行官 (CEO)



第二段从Liam McGee的个例过渡到普遍现象。


McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. . And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has seniormanagers cautio us of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.




  • 📒 语篇分析: ②句承接上文,说明裸辞的好处。 also 表明 ②句是并列关系。 ③句为过渡句,从个例转而描述普遍现象。 ④句举例论证 ③句。 ⑤句分析高管为何离职:晋升无望。 ⑥句分析高管为何坦诚离职:担心模糊的声明影响自己的声誉。

  • line sb / sth up 字面义是指“使…排成行”,比如 ◇I lined the bottles up on the sideboard. 我把酒放在餐具柜上排好。引申为“安排好”,比如 ◇Mark had a job lined up when he left college. 马克大学毕业时,工作已经安排好了。文中 without a position lined up便是指 “没有安排好下一个职位”,也就是我们常说的“裸辞”。

  • reflect on sth 指“认真思考;沉思” (to think carefully and deeply about sth) 。近义表达还有 muse , ponder , contemplate 等等。

  • aspiration [æspə'reɪʃ(ə)n] 指“渴望;抱负” (a strong desire to have or do sth)。

  • 其动词形式是 aspire ,短语 aspire to do sth 指“渴望,有志于”,比如 ◇I aspired to become a teacher. 我渴望成为一名教师。

  • 形容词 aspiring 指“有抱负的;有志向的” (wanting to be successful in life) ,也可表示“有志成为…的”,比如 ◇Aspiring musicians need hours of practice every day. 想当音乐家就要每天练许多小时。

  • ...isn't alone 是外刊常见的从个例过渡到普遍的句式,

  • quit 与前文 depart 为同义替换。

  • scrutinize [ˈskruːt ə na ɪ z] 指“仔细审查” (to look at or examine sb/sth carefully) ,比 ◇He scrutinized the document. 他细阅了这份文件。其名词形式为 scrutiny

  • succession







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