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外刊阅读20250205|每泡一包茶,喝下数十亿微塑料!

考研英语外刊阅读  · 公众号  ·  · 2025-02-05 07:59

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The rituals and love that bind us to our chosen way of life can come at the expense of compassion for those unlike us.

将我们与所选生活方式联系起来的仪式和爱,可能会以牺牲对与不同于我们的人群的同情为代价。



词数:429 words

难度:★★★☆☆

第1段

Clothing, water bottles, takeout containers, cutting boards — it’s challenging to keep up with the growing number of items that expose us to tiny plastic particles. Now some tea bags have joined the list. In a 2024 study, scientists found that brewing tea with a tea bag made from the plastic polypropylene released about 1.2 billion small pieces of plastic per milliliter of tea.


衣物、水瓶、外卖盒、砧板——我们很难细数那些让我们暴露在微小塑料颗粒中的物品的数量。现在,一些茶包也加入了清单。2024年的一项研究显示,科学家发现,使用塑料聚丙烯制作的茶包泡茶时,每毫升茶水中会释放出大约12亿个微塑料颗粒。

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1.takeout containers

外卖盒

2. cutting boards

切菜板

3. polypropylene

英/ ˌpɒliˈprəʊpəliːn /

美/ ˌpɑːliˈproʊpəliːn /

n.[高分子] 聚丙烯

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第2段

Tea bags are made from various types of material. Many are composed of paper (itself made from plant fibers like cellulose , wood and hemp ) and flexible plastics (like nylon and polypropylene). Some tea bags are also made from a new kind of material called biodegradable plastics, like polylactic acid. Tea bags made from paper will theoretically shed fewer (or no) microplastics when compared with plastic versions, said Hailey E. Hampson, a postdoctoral fellow who studies microplastics at the University of Southern California and the University of Washington. But it’s not always easy to figure out what your tea bag was made from.


茶包由各种材料制成。许多是由纸张组成(纸张本身是由植物纤维如纤维素、木材和大麻制成),以及柔性塑料(如尼龙和聚丙烯)。还有些茶包是由一种名为生物降解塑料的新型材料制成,如聚乳酸。南加州大学和华盛顿大学的微塑料研究博士后海莉·E·汉普森说,理论上来说,使用纸制茶包相比塑料茶包,会释放更少(甚至没有)微塑料。但要弄清你的茶包具体由什么材料制成并不是那么容易。

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1.plant fibers

植物纤维

2. cellulose

英/ ˈseljuləʊs /美/ ˈseljuloʊs /

n.纤维素;(植物的)细胞膜质

3. hemp

英/ hemp /美/ hemp /

n.大麻;麻类植物;大麻烟卷

adj.大麻类植物的

4.nylon

英/ ˈnaɪlɒn /美/ ˈnaɪlɑːn /

n.尼龙,[纺] 聚酰胺纤维;尼龙袜

5. biodegradable

英/ ˌbaɪəʊdɪˈɡreɪdəb(ə)l /美/ ˌbaɪoʊdɪˈɡreɪdəb(ə)l /

adj.可生物降解的

6. theoretically

英/ ˌθɪəˈretɪkli /美/ ˌθiːəˈretɪkli /

adv.理论地;理论上

7. postdoctoral

英/ ˌpəʊstˈdɒktərəl /美/ ˌpoʊstˈdɑːktərəl /

adj.博士后的;博士学位取得后的

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第3段

Of the 12 tea companies we contacted for this article, six responded: Bigelow, Lipton, Twinings, Yogi, Traditional Medicinals and Stash. They all said that their tea bags were free of microplastics, mainly because they were made from paper or other plant-based materials. However, even paper tea bags aren’t guaranteed to be plastic-free, Dr. Hampson said. Some may be sealed with flexible plastics like polypropylene, or have a plastic coating on the string .


我们为了这篇文章联系了12家茶叶公司,其中六家公司做出了回应:毕格罗,立顿,川宁,传统药茶和斯塔时。各家都表示,自己的茶包不含微塑料,主要是因为茶包由纸或其他植物基材料制成。然而,汉普森博士表示,即便是纸制茶包也不能保证完全不含微塑料。有些茶包可能用像聚丙烯这样的柔性塑料封口,或者绳子上可能会有塑料涂层。

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1. coating

英/ ˈkəʊtɪŋ /美/ ˈkoʊtɪŋ /

n.涂层,覆盖层:覆盖在物体表面的一层材料,通常用于保护、装饰或改变物体的性能。

2. string

英/ strɪŋ /美/ strɪŋ /

n.线,细绳,带子;一连串(类似事件);一系列(类似的事物);字符串,信息串;一串;弦;弦乐器,弦乐组;(网拍的)羊肠线,网线;小队,候补队员;特定条件(或限制);(类似细绳的)细长物;(蔬菜、肉等食物的)纤维;(物理)一种假设的亚原子粒子;楼梯侧基板(stringboard 的简称)

v.用线穿,串起;使排成一排,把……连在一起;悬挂,系,扎;给(乐器或球拍)串弦;去掉(豆荚)的筋;当特约记者;确定击球顺序;拖延……的时间;<美,非正式>欺骗

adj.由弦乐器组成的,弦乐器的;线织的,线的

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第4段

Microplastics can enter our blood and tissues from the food we eat and the air we breathe. “They’re not just going through the digestive tract and being excreted ,” Dr. Hampson said. But figuring out if those exposures harm health has been challenging.  Scientists have found potential links between microplastic exposures and health conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease and cancer. But these studies have limitations, and it’s unclear if the microplastics themselves caused these health effects, Dr. Hampson said.


微塑料可以通过我们食用的食物和呼吸的空气进入我们的血液和组织。“它们不仅仅是穿过消化道然后排出体外,”汉普森博士说。但要弄清这些暴露是否对健康造成伤害是具有挑战性的。科学家发现接触微塑料与肠道炎症性疾病、心血管疾病和癌症等健康状况之间存在潜在联系。但这些研究存在局限性,汉普森博士表示,目前尚不清楚微塑料本身是否导致这些健康影响。

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1. excrete

英/ ɪkˈskriːt /美/ ɪkˈskriːt /

vt.排泄;分泌

2. inflammatory

英/ ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ri /

美/ ɪnˈflæmətɔːri /

adj.炎症性的;煽动性的;激动的

3. cardiovascular

英 [ˌkɑːdiəʊˈvæskjələ(r)]  美 [ˌkɑːrdioʊˈvæskjələr]

adj. 心血管的;心脏强化运动的

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第5段

Choose the right tea. Drinking loose-leaf tea is probably the best way to limit your exposure to microplastics. And while paper tea bags aren’t guaranteed to be plastic free, Dr. Hampson said, they’re probably a safer bet than plastic. Consider a pre-wash. There’s some research suggesting that briefly soaking your tea bag in room temperature water, then discarding that water before brewing, can help reduce the microplastics in your tea, Dr. Hampson said. Rinsing the bag under running water might help remove some plastics, too, Dr. Wiesner said. Just be aware that this method might extract some of the flavor from your tea.


选择对的茶。喝散装茶可能是限制接触微塑料的最佳方式。虽然纸制茶包不能完全保证不含塑料,但汉普森博士表示,它们可能比塑料茶包更安全。可以考虑洗茶。 翻译划线句,在文末留言打卡,答案下期公布~ 威斯纳博士表示,将茶包在流水下冲洗也可能有助于去除一些塑料。只是要注意,这种方法可能会减少一些茶的风味。

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1.loose-leaf tea

散装茶

2.r insing

英 [ˈrɪnsɪŋ]  美 [ˈrɪnsɪŋ]

n. 清水;残渣

v. (用清水)冲洗;涮,漱口;(用水)送下(rinse 的现在分词)

3. extract

英 [ˈekstrækt; ɪkˈstrækt]  美 [ˈekstrækt; ɪkˈstrækt]

n. 选段,引文;提取物,汁

v. 提取,提炼;取出,拔出;摘录;索取,设法得到;开(方),求(根)

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本文节选自:The New York Times(纽约时报)

发布时间:2025.1.23

作者:WELL

原文标题:Do I Need to Worry About Microplastics in Tea Bags?

写作句总结

原句:But figuring out if those exposures harm health has been challenging.

结构:Figuring out if X has been Y.

例句:Figuring out whether online education provides an equivalent learning experience to traditional classroom learning has been challenging.







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