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在前不久闭幕的两会期间,各大同传男神、同传女神再度出山,为学习语言的小伙伴们带来了一场视听盛宴。他们流利精准的翻译、从容大方的气场让无数小伙伴为之倾倒。
听说把大象关到冰箱里需要三步,那么,练就高水平的会议同传需要几步呢?下面,就让我们一起来看一看,同声传译员们是如何在两种语言中往来穿梭的。
从视频开头便可得知,若是重大场合的同传出现失误,导致国家领导人传达的信息被曲解,造成的影响可是世界级的,小则不利于两国关系,大则动摇了世界和平。
译员的重要性由此可见一斑。
现如今,随着全球化的不断发展,各种跨语言、跨文化的交流日益复杂,但像上面这样的爆炸性误解发生的频率却大大减小,除了科技进步这一因素外,在很大程度上这也要归功于我们的同声传译员。
首先,我们先来看一看同声传译的原理是怎样的:
In a simultaneous mode, interpreters instantaneously translate a speaker's words into a microphone while he speaks without pauses. Those in the audience can choose the language in which they want to follow.
在同声传译的过程中,译员在不打断发言者讲话的前提下,不间断地对着话筒进行翻译。观众席的人们可以自主选择听到的语言。
On the surface, it all looks seamless, but behind the scenes, human interpreters work incessantly to make sure every idea gets across as intended.
表面上看来,一切都衔接得天衣无缝。而在幕后,译员们口笔不停,以保证所有信息都传达到位。
如此看来,同声传译员的确是份十分辛苦的工作,要同时做到手快、嘴快、脑子快,这不止是对译员专业素质的考验,也是对译员身体素质的考验。
那么,
练成大会口译员,到底需要几步,又有哪些必备的素质呢?
It takes about two years of training for already fluent bilingual professionals to expand their vocabulary and master the skills necessary to become a conference interpreter.
即便是双语运用自如的专业人士,也需要花上两年时间来扩大词汇量、掌握必要技能,以成为一名大会口译员。
在这两年中,译员的训练通常会分为以下几个阶段:
To get used to the unnatural task of speaking while they listen, students shadow speakers and repeat their every work exactly as heard in the same language.
为了习惯这种听、说同步的非常任务,学生通常会先进行跟读,将发言者的话以同一种语言一字不差地重复出来。
In time, they begin to paraphrase what is said, making stylistic adjustments as they go.
一段时间后,他们开始转述发言者的说话内容,并做出一些文体上的调整。
At some point, a second language is introduced. Practicing in this way creates new neural pathways in the interpreter's brain, and the constant effort of reformulation gradually becomes second nature.
到某一个时间点,再引入第二种语言。如此练习会让译员大脑内行程新的神经通路,也会使得语言重组逐渐成为第二天性。