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Because
people with underlying health conditions in Hong Kong
were more likely to
resist getting vaccinated, they said, it was also possible that those who chose to be vaccinated or boosted were healthier in the first place, inflating estimates of how protective the vaccines initially were.
他们说，在香港，由于有基础疾病的人更有可能拒绝接种疫苗，因此选择接种疫苗或加强针的人也有可能本身就更健康，从而夸大了对疫苗最初保护程度的估计。
1.inflate: to make something seem more important or impressive than it really is
Sir Philip Augar’s review of post-18 education in England was commissioned by Theresa May in 2018, after the then prime minister was spooked by the popularity of Jeremy Corbyn’s election pledge to abolish student tuition fees. Four years later, the government’s response is finally in. But the reforms it unveiled last week are mainly about saving the Treasury money, rather than students. They are also shamelessly, and calculatedly, regressive.
受特里萨•梅的委托，菲利普•奥加尔爵士在2018年对英国18岁以后的教育进行了审查。此前，杰里米•科尔宾在竞选中承诺废除学生学费，时任英国首相的特里萨•梅对此人的人气大感惊讶。四年后，政府终于给出了回应。但它上周公布的改革主要是为了节约财政部的资金，而不是为了学生。他们甚至出现了无耻地、蓄意地政策倒退。
Although it talks a good game on adult and further education, the government’s policy priority has always been to slash the amount of university graduate debt that is never paid back – and for which the Treasury is
on the hook
. It has thus extended from 30 to 40 years the period in which loan repayments must be made, and substantially lowered the salary threshold at which money starts to be paid back. The number of graduates required to pay back their loan in full is expected to rise from under a quarter to more than half.
尽管政府在成人教育和继续教育方面承诺得很好，但是政府政策首要考虑的一直都是削减大学毕业生坏账债务的金额——财政部正深陷其中。因此，政府将还贷期从30年延长到了40年，并大幅降低了允许开始偿还贷款的工资门槛。需要全额偿还贷款的毕业生人数预计将从不到四分之一上升至一半以上。
In partial compensation, high interest rates levied on loans will be cut. But this move will overwhelmingly benefit high-earning graduates. The Institute for Fiscal Studies has estimated that, overall, the changes will save the Treasury £2.3bn for each university cohort.
This is money that will be coming from graduates on extremely modest salaries who already have house prices and
meagre
pensions to worry about.
作为补偿的一部分，政府将削减贷款的高利率。但此举将极大地惠及高收入毕业生。英国财政研究所估计，总体而言，这一变化将让财政部从大学生群体身上节省出23亿英镑的财政。
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The regressive approach is compounded by the government’s apparent aspiration to reintroduce minimum GCSE and A-level entry requirements for university – a move that would further entrench social inequalities in educational attainment. An ominous consultation has also been launched on how to deal with “poor-quality” courses that fail to deliver well-paid graduate jobs. This looks like a backdoor route to reintroducing caps on student numbers in some areas, as well as a licence for
philistine
judgments on what constitutes the “value” of university learning.
政府显然希望重新引入最低的普通中等教育和一流大学的入学要求，此举将进一步巩固受教育度的社会不平等，政府的这种想法加剧了政策的倒退。就如何应对未能为毕业生提供高薪工作的“低质量”课程的问题，发起了一场结果未必乐观的磋商会议。这看起来是在某些领域重新设定学生人数的上限，也是对庸俗地判断大学学习 “价值”的构成要素开放了一个通行证。
The freezing of tuition fees until 2025 will lead to a hefty real-terms cut in universities’ income and hit teaching resources. That will further depress staff morale on campuses, where many lecturers have just completed another round of
strike
action over pensions and working conditions.
在2025年前停收学费将导致大学收入出现大幅实际削减，并对教学资源造成打击。这将进一步打压学校教职员工的士气，这里很多讲师刚刚进行了另一轮有关养老金和工作环境的罢课行动。
本文节选自：The Guardian（卫报）
发布时间：2022.03.04
作者：Editorial
原文标题：The Guardian view on new reforms to student loans: putting on the squeeze
英 [ˈmiːɡə(r)] 美 [ˈmiːɡər]
adj. 瘦的；贫弱的；贫乏的
英 [ˈfɪlɪstaɪn] 美 [ˈfɪlɪstiːn]
