专栏名称: 考研英语外刊阅读

按照考研英语真题的风格和类型精选同源外刊文章，节选《经济学人》、《卫报》、《时代周刊》等时政报刊，囊括长难句翻译、考研高频词汇词组、每日背单词、英语写作佳句积累等模块，全方位一举击破考研英语。

外刊阅读20240515｜居然！电子时代严重下滑的是这个

考研英语外刊阅读 · 公众号 · · 2024-05-15 07:59

正文

快⬆️⬆️点击上方蓝字 关注并星标 这个公众号，一起涨姿势～

词数：350 words

难度：★★★☆☆

小贴士：

考考大家，“近视”怎么说？

——大橙子留

✦ +

上期划线句答案

When you first glance at a clock, the second hand seems to pause before continuing its regular movement because your brain is overestimating how long the second hand is in that position .

当你第一次看向时钟时，秒针似乎暂停了一下，然后继续正常运转，因为你的大脑高估了秒针停留在那个位置的时间。

✦ +

本期内容

◆

双语阅读

Para.1

An eye that becomes short-sighted becomes longer. The stretching is proportional to the increase in myopia . The more the eye stretches, the more the retina , which lines the inside of the eye, becomes thinner. Symptoms such as cracks , abnormal development of subretinal blood vessels and bleeding may appear.

近视之后，眼睛的长度也会随之增加。这种拉伸与近视的程度成正比，眼睛拉伸得越多，眼睛内部的视网膜就越薄。可能会出现视网膜破裂、视网膜下血管异常发育和出血等症状。

1.short-sighted

英/ ˌʃɔːt ˈsaɪtɪd /美/ ˌʃɔːrt ˈsaɪtɪd /

adj.目光短浅的；近视的

2. stretch

英/ stretʃ /美/ stretʃ /

v.（使）变大，拉长；（布料）可伸缩，有弹性；伸展肢体；伸出，伸长（胳膊或腿）；拉紧，拽紧；（时间上）延续；（空间上）延伸，绵延；使竭尽所能，使施展本领；耗尽，竭尽（财力或物力）；（使）延长使用，节俭地使用；（资金，资源）足够，够用；放宽，放松；夸大，夸张；涉及，囊括

n.（土地或水域的）一片，一段；（时间）连续的一段，持续；（肢体）伸展，伸开；弹性，伸缩性；服刑期；（终点前的）直线跑道；言过其实的话；困难的任务，苛求的任务；加长轿车；抢风航行的距离

adj.（织物）有弹性的，有弹力的

3. myopia

英/ maɪˈəʊpiə /美/ maɪˈoʊpiə /

n.近视；目光短浅，缺乏远见

4.retina

英/ ˈretɪnə /美/ ˈretɪnə /

n.[解剖] 视网膜

5. crack

英/ kræk /美/ kræk /

v.破裂，裂开；崩溃，垮掉；砸开，砸碎；破译，解决；重击，猛击；（使）发出爆裂声，劈啪作响；（嗓音）变嘶哑；说（笑话），开（玩笑）；阻止，打击；开瓶，（尤指）开瓶饮酒；使（碳氢化合物）裂化

n.裂缝，裂纹；缝隙，窄缝；瑕疵，缺点；爆裂声，噼啪声；尝试，试图；破解信息，破解码；俏皮话，粗鲁的话；重击，猛击；好时光，友好愉快的交谈；嗓音变哑；强效可卡因；股沟

adj.优秀的，训练有素的

Para.2

Ultimately, the very nearsighted patient has a more than 50 per cent risk of spending the rest of his or her life legally blind — in other words living with vision reduced by 60 per cent. This means that the length of their eye exceeds 28 mm (the normal length is 23 mm) or that the myopia levels exceeds six diopters . (Diopters is a unit of measurement used to calculate eyesight — the further away from zero indicates a worsening in vision.) It is important to intervene before this happens to avoid these levels.

最终，严重近视的患者余生有超过50%的风险会法定失明——换句话说，视力下降60%。这意味着他们的眼睛长度超过28毫米(正常长度为23毫米)，或者近视程度超过6屈光度。(屈光度是一种用来计算视力的测量单位——离零越远表明视力越差。)在这种情况发生之前就进行干预很重要，可以避免恶化到这种程度。

1. legally blind

Blindness is the condition of poor visual perception.Various scales have been developed to describe the extent of vision loss and define blindness. Total blindness is the complete lack of form and visual light perception and is clinically recorded as NLP, an abbreviation for "no light perception."

2. nearsighted

英/ ˌnɪəˈsaɪtɪd /美/ ˌnɪrˈsaɪtɪd /

adj.近视的；浅见的

3. diopter

英/ daɪˈɒptə(r) /美/ daɪˈɑːptər /

n.[光] 屈光度；屈光率单位；瞄准器；测定器

4.intervene

英/ ˌɪntəˈviːn /美/ ˌɪntərˈviːn /

v.干预，干涉；插话，打岔；干扰，阻挠；发生于其间，介于中间；调停，斡旋

Para.3

There are many causes of onset myopia. Genetics plays an important role but epigenetics — the environment in which the child evolves — is a more important factor. And what has changed in our environment to explain the recent myopia epidemic? The impact of technology, which has seen a boom in recent years, is being closely examined.

引起近视的原因有很多。遗传性起着一个重要的作用，但表观遗传学——儿童成长的环境——是一个更重要的因素。我们的环境发生了什么变化可以解释最近近视的流行？近年来科技蓬勃发展，科技的影响正在受到密切关注。

1.onset

英/ ˈɒnset /美/ ˈɑːnset /

n.（尤指某种坏事情的）开始，发作；军事攻击

2.epigenetic

英/ ˌepɪdʒɪˈnetɪk /美/ ˌepədʒəˈnetɪk /

adj.后生的；外成的；渐成说的；表观遗传的

Para.4

For example, a rapid increase in visual problems has been noted since the introduction of the smartphone in 2007. While the device itself does not emit harmful radiation, it requires the user to read its screen at a distance of 20 cm rather than the normal distance of 45 cm to 50 cm. It has been suggested that this close distance boosts the risk of developing myopia by eight times, especially if both parents are myopic. Ambient lighting also plays a role because the use of fluorescents , such as in classrooms, also promotes myopia. When a tablet is used in such an environment, the effect is multiplied tenfold .

例如，自从2007年智能手机问世以来，视力问题的迅速增加，引起了人们的关注。翻译划线句，在文末留言打卡，答案下期公布~ 有人提出，这种近距离阅读方式将近视的风险提高了八倍，尤其是如果父母双方都近视时。环境光照也起到一定的作用，因为在教室等地方使用荧光灯也会诱使近视的发展。在这样的环境中使用平板电脑，影响会增加十倍。

1.emit

英/ iˈmɪt /美/ iˈmɪt /

v.排放，散发（尤指气体、辐射物）；发出（声音或噪音）；发行，发表

2.a mbient

英/ ˈæmbiənt /美/ ˈæmbiənt /

adj.环境的，周围的；（与）背景音乐（有关）的；（广告）利用环境来做的（区别于媒体广告）

n.环境音乐

3. fluorescent

英/ fləˈres(ə)nt /美/ fləˈres(ə)nt /

adj.（物质）有荧光的，发荧光的；（颜色、材料等）色彩亮丽的，发亮的

n.荧光灯，荧光灯管

4.tenfold

英/ ˈtenfəʊld /美/ ˈtenfoʊld /

adj.十倍的；十重的

adv.十倍地；十重地

Para.5

外刊阅读20240515｜居然！电子时代严重下滑的是这个

正文

请到「今天看啥」查看全文