1. 动词：主要考查时态、主谓一致和固定搭配。
例如：
①时态混用
Then the trouble started. We can’t open the door. So we asked the policeman for help.
很显然此段的主时态是一般过去式，因此应把can’t改为couldn’t。
②主谓不一致
There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.
a football game决定了谓语动词用单数，故应该把were改为was。
③固定搭配
He had little money left, so he had to give up buy the computer.
give up doing sth.是固定用法，故动词buy应该改为buying。
2. 名词：主要考查单复数混用。
例如：
Helen is seventeen year old. She is very busy.
表示“年龄多大了”应该为复数形式，故应把year改为years。
3. 形容词/副词：主要考查两者之间是否混用。
例如：
①副词代替正确形容词
During the football season, Helen is much busier than usually.
很明显是“与平时相比较更忙”，因此需要把usually改为usual。
②形容词代替正确副词
As the time clock showed one minute and forty-two seconds left in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come on — get going!”
显然应把excited改为excitedly，用来修饰动词cheer。
4. 介词：主要考查固定搭配，特别是动词和介词的搭配。
例如：
①介词遗漏
I’m sure you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster.
get rid of 是固定搭配，意为“摆脱，除去”。
②介词多余
My wife is also happy because of I have given up smoking.
这里显然是区分because of与because的用法。前者不能接句子，而后者充当连词可以接句子，故应该把of去掉。
③介词错用（一般为固定搭配）
I pick out her false hair and said, “Don’t be sad, Miss.”
pick out改为pick up。pick out挑选；pick up捡起。
5. 连词：主要考查句子之间的逻辑关系。常考的三种关系主要是：转折 (but)、并列(and)和因果(because)。
例如：
One day, my wife and I went shopping at a store. We drove the car but we had a lot of things to buy.
显然，句意为“我们开车去的原因是因为我们要买很多东西”，所以应该把but改为because / as / for。
6. 句式：主要考查that与what或which / how与what之间的转换。这是短文改错的常考点。
例如：
She never has enough time for that she wants to do.
句意为：她没有足够多的时间来做自己想做的事情。很明显应该把that改为what。
7. 冠词：主要考查冠词是否多余或遗漏。
例如：
