我们在项目中经常遇到IN查询,同时IN的参数太多甚至大几百上千,会导致PG性能下降严重进而接口反应太慢。这个应该是前期没规划好,但是事已至此还是要对此进行优化。第一个就是想到通过多线程去查,比如原来是
SELECT * FROM device WHERE id IN (1 , 2 , 3 , 4 )
拆分为
SELECT * FROM device WHERE id IN (1 , 2 ) SELECT * FROM device WHERE id IN (3 , 4 )
并行执行,然后将返回结果合并。
因为用的地方多,每次都要写很麻烦,所以结合SpringAOP写了一个基于注解优化方案,只需要打上注解就可以提升性能了。实现效果以及具体实现逻辑如下:
@SplitWorkAnnotation (setThreadPool = LIST_DEVICE_EXECUTOR, splitLimit = 20 , splitGroupNum = 10 )public listDeviceDetail (Long projectId,@NeedSplitParam List deviceId) { ...... }
适用场景和不适用场景
主要适用大批量IN查询,或者某个参数特别大导致性能问题的同时结果能简单合并的,就是说符合以下公式的:
fun(a,b,bigList) = fun(a,b,bigListPart1) + fun(a,b,bigListPart2)
这里的加可以是:合并运算,SUM,COUNT以及求TOPN(合并后再取TOPN)
不适用的典型场景有分页以及不符合上面公式的场景
基于 Spring Boot + MyBatis Plus + Vue & Element 实现的后台管理系统 + 用户小程序,支持 RBAC 动态权限、多租户、数据权限、工作流、三方登录、支付、短信、商城等功能
项目地址:https://github.com/YunaiV/ruoyi-vue-pro 视频教程:https://doc.iocoder.cn/video/ 需要定义的注解参数:
setThreadPool: 线程池,可能阻塞比较大,不要用公共的线程池最好自己定义一个handlerReturnClass: 返回值回调函数,对应不同返回值处理逻辑:可能是合并可能取前十条可能求和@Target (ElementType.METHOD)@Retention (RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)public @interface SplitWorkAnnotation { /** * 设置线程池 * * @return {@link ThreadPoolEnum} */ ThreadPoolEnum setThreadPool () ; /** * 返回值处理 * * @return {@link Class}@link ?} {@link extends} {@link HandleReturn}> */ Class extends HandleReturn> handlerReturnClass() default MergeFunction.class ; /** * 超过多少开始拆分 > * * @return int */ int splitLimit () default 1000 ; /** * 拆分后每组多少 * * @return int */ int splitGroupNum () default 100 ; }
标记需要拆分参数的注解
加在需要拆分的参数上,只支持一个。因为两两组合情况非常复杂,也一般不符合实际使用情况。
@Retention (RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Target (ElementType.PARAMETER)public @interface NeedSplitParam { }
基于 Spring Cloud Alibaba + Gateway + Nacos + RocketMQ + Vue & Element 实现的后台管理系统 + 用户小程序,支持 RBAC 动态权限、多租户、数据权限、工作流、三方登录、支付、短信、商城等功能
项目地址:https://github.com/YunaiV/yudao-cloud 视频教程:https://doc.iocoder.cn/video/ @Aspect @Component @Slf 4jpublic class SplitWorkAspect { /** * 切入点表达式,拦截方法上有@NeedSplitParaAnnotation 注解的所有方法 * * @return void * @author tangsiqi * @date 2021/8/9 18:17 */ @Pointcut ("@annotation( com.demo.SplitWorkAnnotation)" ) public void needSplit () { } /** * @param pjp * @return {@link Object} * @throws Throwable */ @Around ("needSplit()" ) public Object around (ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable { Signature signature = pjp.getSignature(); MethodSignature methodSignature = (MethodSignature) signature; Method targetMethod = methodSignature.getMethod(); SplitWorkAnnotation splitWorkAnnotation = targetMethod.getAnnotation(SplitWorkAnnotation.class ) ; Object[] args = pjp.getArgs(); int splitLimit = splitWorkAnnotation.splitLimit(); int splitGroupNum = splitWorkAnnotation.splitGroupNum(); if (args == null || args.length == 0 || splitLimit <= splitGroupNum) { return pjp.proceed(); } int needSplitParamIndex = -1 ; for (int i = 0 ; i Parameter parameter = targetMethod.getParameters()[i]; NeedSplitParam needSplitParam = parameter.getAnnotation(NeedSplitParam.class ) ; if (needSplitParam != null ) { needSplitParamIndex = i; break ; } } if (needSplitParamIndex == -1 ) { return pjp.proceed(); } Object needSplitParam = args[needSplitParamIndex]; //只能处理Object[] 和 Collection if (!(needSplitParam instanceof Object[]) && !(needSplitParam instanceof List) && !(needSplitParam instanceof Set)) { return pjp.proceed(); } //如果目标参数长度小于拆分下限跳过 boolean notMeetSplitLen = (needSplitParam instanceof Object[] && ((Object[]) needSplitParam).length <= splitLimit) || (needSplitParam instanceof List && ((List) needSplitParam).size() <= splitLimit) || (needSplitParam instanceof Set && ((Set) needSplitParam).size() <= splitLimit); if (notMeetSplitLen) { return pjp.proceed(); } // 去重,这一步看情况也可以不要 if (needSplitParam instanceof List) { List> list = (List>) needSplitParam; if (list.size() > 1 ) { needSplitParam = new ArrayList<>(new HashSet<>(list)); } } //算出拆分成几批次 int batchNum = getBatchNum(needSplitParam, splitGroupNum); if (batchNum == 1 ) { return pjp.proceed(); } CompletableFuture>[] futures = new CompletableFuture[batchNum]; ThreadPoolEnum threadPool = splitWorkAnnotation.setThreadPool(); if (threadPool == null ) { return pjp.proceed(); } try { for (int currentBatch = 0 ; currentBatch int finalNeedSplitParamIndex = needSplitParamIndex; int finalCurrentBatch = currentBatch; Object finalNeedSplitParam = needSplitParam; futures[currentBatch] = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> { Object[] dest = new Object[args.length]; //这一步很重要!!!因为多线程运行不能用原理的参数列表了,不然会导致混乱 System.arraycopy(args, 0 , dest, 0 , args.length); try { //将其他参数保持不变,将需要拆分的参数替换为part参数 dest[finalNeedSplitParamIndex] = getPartParam(finalNeedSplitParam, splitGroupNum, finalCurrentBatch); return pjp.proceed(dest); } catch (Throwable e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } }, threadPool.getThreadPoolExecutor()); } CompletableFuture all = CompletableFuture.allOf(futures); all.get(); Class extends HandleReturn> handleReturn = splitWorkAnnotation.handlerReturnClass(); List resultList = new ArrayList<>(futures.length); for (CompletableFuture> future : futures) { resultList.add(future.get()); } //获取到每个part的结果然后调用处理函数 return handleReturn.getDeclaredMethods()[0 ].invoke(handleReturn.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance(), resultList); } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } /** * 获取批次数目 * * @param needSplitParam1 * @param splitGroupNum * @return {@link Integer} */ public Integer getBatchNum (Object needSplitParam1, Integer splitGroupNum) { if (needSplitParam1 instanceof Object[]) { Object[] splitParam = (Object[]) needSplitParam1; return splitParam.length % splitGroupNum == 0 ? splitParam.length / splitGroupNum : splitParam.length / splitGroupNum + 1 ; } else if (needSplitParam1 instanceof Collection) { Collection> splitParam = (Collection>) needSplitParam1; return splitParam.size() % splitGroupNum == 0 ? splitParam.size() / splitGroupNum : splitParam.size() / splitGroupNum + 1 ; } else { return 1 ; } } /** * 获取当前批次参数 * * @param needSplitParam * @param splitGroupNum * @param batch * @return {@link Object} * @throws NoSuchMethodException * @throws InvocationTargetException * @throws InstantiationException * @throws IllegalAccessException */ public Object getPartParam (Object needSplitParam, Integer splitGroupNum, Integer batch) throws NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException { if (needSplitParam instanceof Object[]) { Object[] splitParam = (Object[]) needSplitParam; int end = Math.min((batch + 1 ) * splitGroupNum, splitParam.length); return Arrays.copyOfRange(splitParam, batch * splitGroupNum, end); } else if (needSplitParam instanceof List) { List> splitParam = (List>) needSplitParam; int end = Math.min((batch + 1 ) * splitGroupNum, splitParam.size()); return splitParam.subList(batch * splitGroupNum, end); } else if (needSplitParam instanceof Set) { List splitParam = new ArrayList<>((Set) needSplitParam); int end = Math.min((batch + 1 ) * splitGroupNum, splitParam.size()); //参数具体化了 Set> set = (Set>) needSplitParam.getClass().getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance(); set.addAll(splitParam.subList(batch * splitGroupNum, end)); return set; } else { return null ; } } }
/** * 处理返回结果接口 * * @author : TangSiQi * @date : 2021年08月13日15:42 **/ public interface HandleReturn { /** * 处理返回结果方法 * * @param t 拆分后多次请求结果 * @return R 处理后的返回结果 * @author tangsiqi * @date 2021/8/13 15:55 */ Object handleReturn (List t) ; }
实现了一个简单合并的
/** * 集合List等合并策略 * * @author : TangSiQi * @date : 2021年08月13日15:32 **/ public class MergeFunction implements HandleReturn { @Override public Object handleReturn (List results) { if (results == null ) { return null ; } if (results.size() <= 1 ) { //todo return results.get(0 ); } //这里自己要知道具体返回类型 List first = (List) results.get(0 ); for (int i = 1 ; i first.addAll((List) results.get(i)); } return first; } }
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