专栏名称: 广东疾控

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Venturing Into a Great and Safe Outdoors 开展去一次美好又安全的户外探险活动

广东疾控 · 公众号 · 养生 · 2017-06-22 21:31

正文

Watch out for ticks!

小心蜱虫！

Make a habit of tick prevention as you venture into outdoors.

当你进行户外探险活动时，做好预防蜱虫的习惯。

When warm weather arrives, you might get the urge to walk barefoot through the grass. But before you stroll through your lawn or head out on a hiking trail, you’ll want to protect yourself and your loved ones from ticks that often lurk in tall grass, thick brush, and wooded areas. Many ticks carry disease, so do what you can to keep ticks from taking a bite out of you.

当天气变暖，你可能会有光着脚在草地上漫步的冲动。但在你漫步穿越草坪或去徒步旅行之前，你会希望能保护自己和你爱的人免受蜱虫困扰。蜱虫一般藏在高草丛、茂密的灌木林以及树木繁盛的地方。许多蜱虫都携带疾病，因此应采取一切措施防止蜱虫叮咬。

Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne illness. Each year, more than 30,000 cases are reported in the United States, and many more likely go unreported.

莱姆病是最常见的蜱传播疾病。美国每年报告病例超过3万，还有更多的可能未报告。

Ticks are tiny 8-legged creatures that can be hard to see. Deer ticks—which can carry Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes Lyme disease—are especially small. The young “nymphs” are only the size of poppy seeds. Adult deer ticks aren’t much larger—about the size of a sesame seed.

蜱虫是一种有8条腿的微小生物，难以被发现。鹿蜱非常小，可携带导致莱姆病的细菌——伯氏疏螺旋体。幼蛹只有罂粟籽大小，成年鹿蜱还没芝麻大。

Tick-borne diseases tend to share certain symptoms. Symptoms can include fever, headache, muscle or joint pain, and extreme fatigue. People with Lyme disease usually get an expanding red rash that sometimes resembles a bull’s-eye.

蜱传播疾病都有相似的症状，包括：发热、头痛、肌肉和关节疼痛以及极度疲劳。莱姆病患者一般会有大片像靶心的红疹。

NIH Experts

美国国立卫生研究院专家

The rash is usually tender, not painful or itchy, so people may not realize they’re sick.

红疹通常很轻微，不痛不痒，因此人们可能意识不到已得病了。

To avoid ticks

远离蜱虫

√ wearing long sleeves, long pants, and long socks

穿长袖衣裤及长袜

√ using an insect repellant that contains at least 20% DEET (for the skin) or permethrin (for clothes)

使用至少含20%避蚊胺（喷皮肤用）或氯菊酯（喷衣服）的驱虫剂

√ walk in the center of trails and steer clear of tall vegetation

在小径的中间行走，远离高大的植被

If you’ve been in an area where ticks are common, bathe or shower as soon as possible, and wash or tumble your clothes in a dryer on high heat. Check your body carefully for ticks.

如果去过蜱虫常见的区域，要尽快洗澡或淋浴、清洗衣服，或将衣物放入高温烘干机烘干。仔细检查你的身体是否有蜱虫。

（来源：美国国立卫生研究院）

（感谢世界卫生组织新发传染病监测研究与培训合作中心陈伟师博士提供专业指导）

统筹：宁可儿

翻译：曦檬子

美编：曦檬子

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