专栏名称: 考研英语时事阅读
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英文早点 | 1224-考研同源外刊精析解读 · 语音讲解

考研英语时事阅读  · 公众号  · 考研  · 2017-12-24 06:01

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背景知识

1982年科学家们在一个具有里程碑意义的实验中给一个学生做记忆训练时取得了惊人的效果。经过44周的练习,绰号为SF的学生记忆数字的能力从从七个数字扩大到82个。这项研究可以被视为认知训练研究的开始。 那么这个研究过去35年后科学家们发现了一些可以让我们更聪明的万无一失的方法吗?现在认知训练这个话题仍然是非常有争议的,科学家们对其有效性表达了不同的看法。 而关于认知训练效果的积极言论通常是在一项实验报告其积极发现之后的。当一项研究报告其消极结果时,关注度则会下降。 这种现象在社会和生命科学的许多领域中是相当普遍的,并且经常会对某一特定研究领域存在偏见,因此系统评价对排除这种偏见是非常有必要的。经过专家的最新研究发现,迄今为止,认知训练计划甚至不一定会提高训练任务所涉及的认知功能,增强的只是执行训练任务和类似的任务的能力。

BGM: Don't Blame Me-Taylor Swift


昨日回顾

1223-考研同源外刊精析解读 · 语音讲解

今日早起卡

The struggle you're in today is developing the strength you need for tomorrow. Don't give up.

今日翻译卡

Is it possible to boost your intelligence by training?


The study can be considered the beginning of cognitive training research, investigating how practice in areas ranging from music to chess and puzzles impacts our intelligence.

A pervasive problem with cognitive training studies is that improved performance in isolated cognitive tasks is often seen as a proof for cognitive enhancement.


英文文本选自:Is it possible to boost your intelligence by training? Salon


<左右滑动查看下一个单词  >>

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Consider 英[kənˈsɪdə(r)]美 [kənˈsɪdər ]

释义:

  1. v. (think about and be drawn toward) 考虑

  2. v. (regard sb/sth as having a specified quality) 认为

  3. v .(take sth into account when making an assessment or judgment) 顾及,考虑到

  4. v .(look attentively at) 凝视

词根词缀:

  1. 词根: sid 1. =sit,表示"坐"; 2. 放置; 3. =旁边

  2. consider 考虑,细想;体谅,顾及;认为,把…看作 (con全部+sid坐+er→坐在一起→考虑到)

词源:

  • 14世纪末,古法语 considerer  "reflect on, consider, study, ”和拉丁语 considerare "to look at closely, observe,”演变来。

短语词组:

  1. consider as 认为(把...看作)

  2. all things considered 从全面考虑

  3. consider doing 考虑做…

  4. consider doing something 考虑做某事

同源拓展:

  1. considerable 相当大的;重要的,值得考虑的

  2. considered 经过深思熟虑的;被尊重的

  3. consideration 考虑;原因;关心;报酬

  4. preside [at,over]  主持(pre前面+sid坐+e→在前面坐→主持)

  5. reside 居住,驻扎;属于(re再+sid坐+e→再坐[之地]→居住)

  6. assiduous 勤奋的(as一再+sid坐+uous多……的→一再坐着[学习] →勤奋的)

  7. sedate 安静的,镇静的(sed=sid坐+ate……的→坐着的,文静的)


同义替换:

  1. 认为 ( consider, think, believe, count, deem, reckon, regard )

  2. 考虑, 思考, 估量 ( study, consider, ponder, weigh, contemplate )

真题解析:

  1. (2013,英一,完型) People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions.

  2. (2014,英二,新题型) Generally however British land artists preferred to get away from towns, gravitating towards landscapes that are traditionally considered beautiful such as the Lake District or the Wiltshire Downs.

Cognitive 英 [ˈkɒgnətɪv]美 [ˈkɑgnətɪv]

释义:

  • adj. (relating to the mental process involved in knowing, learning, and understanding things.) 认知的,认识的

词根词缀

  1. 词根: cogn =know,表示”知道"

  2. cognitive 认识的,认知的 (cogn知道+itive表形容词→adj.认识的)

词源:

  • 16世纪80年代,从拉丁语词根cognit- (知道to get to know, recognize)+ -ive (形容词后缀), 与现在词根词缀相似。

短语词组:

  1. cognitive powers 认识力

  2. cognitive dissonance 认知失调

  3. cognitive function 认知功能

  4. cognitive process 认识过程;认知历程







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