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This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English dot com.
这里是bbclearningenglish.com英语六分钟节目。
Finn:
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I’m Finn and with me is Rob. Hi Rob.
大家好，欢迎收听英语六分钟。我是费恩，和我一起的是罗伯。你好罗伯。
Rob:
Hi Finn.
你好，费恩。
Finn:
Rob, I have a question for you. Are you good at reading maps?
罗伯，我有个问题要问你。你擅长看地图吗？
Rob:
I have to say, I am, I really enjoy reading maps and I understand them well.
不得不说我很擅长，我真的很喜欢看地图，而且能读懂地图。
Finn:
That’s interesting. And today we’re talking about new research into the
differences between men’s and women’s brains, and looking at some
vocabulary about brains and thinking. Now, this research says that men
are better at some things, like reading maps.
这很有趣。今天我们讨论的是男女大脑之间的不同，看一些有关大脑和思考的词汇。现在，这个研究说男人擅长某些东西，比如看地图。
Rob:
Yes, well, I’m good at reading maps and even my wife would agree. She makes me do all the map reading in the car.
是的，我擅长看地图这件事我妻子也会同意的。在车里她会让我一直看地图。
Finn:
But women are better at other things – like remembering faces. That’s
according to this research. And before we look at it, I have a question
about this incredible and mysterious thing – the human brain. Rob,
you’re a brainy – that is, an intelligent guy, but how much does the
average human brain weigh? Is it: a) 1.4 kgb) 2.2 kg or c) 3.6 kg
但女人更擅长一些其他的事情——比如记人。这些都是根据这个研究说的。在我们看这个研究之前，对于这个难以置信的、神秘的东西——人类的大脑我有个问题。罗伯，你很有头脑，是个聪明的家伙，但是你知道人类大脑平均有多重吗？选项有：a） 1.4 kgb) 2.2 kgc) 3.6 kg
Rob:
I’ll have to use my brain for this. I’m really racking my brains - that
means to think very hard. Right, well, I think: c) 3.6 kg.
我用我的大脑思考下。我真的在绞尽脑汁的想——这对我来说真的很难。好吧，我觉得是c)3.6kg.
Finn:
OK we’ll find out if you’re right later on. Now this research was by a
team from the University of Pennsylvania in the US. They looked at the
brains of nearly 1,000 men and women and found they are ’wired
differently’.
好的,稍后我们揭晓你的答案正确与否。美国宾夕法尼亚大学的一个团队做的这项研究。他们观察了近1000名男女的大脑，发现它们以不同的方式连接起来。
Rob:
Yes – so they are connected in different ways.
是的——他们是由不同的方式连接的。
Finn:
Let’s listen to Dr Ruben Gur talking about the connections in each
hemisphere - each half or each side - of the brain. What’s the
difference between men and women?
让我们来听听鲁宾·格尔博士对于左右大脑的连接的解释。男女之间的区别是什么？
What
we found was that in males, the stronger connections run within each
hemisphere, within each half of the brain. In women the stronger
connections are between the two sides of the brain.
我们发现在男性脑半球的内部连接程度更高，而女性脑半球之间的连接程度更高。
Finn: So:
men have better links – that’s stronger connections - inside each half
of the brain. So the connections inside the right hemisphere are good,
and the connections inside the left hemisphere are good too.
因此：
男性每个脑半球的内部连接更为强烈。也就是说右半球的内部连接很好，左半球的内部连接也很好。
Rob:
But women have stronger connections between each side – the links are
better going from one side to the other, from left to right. But what
does that mean?
但是女人两个脑半球之间的联系更为强烈——从一个半球到另一半球间的连接，从左半球到右半球。但那又意味着什么？
Finn:
Well, they say these differences might explain why men are better at
learning and performing a single task, like cycling or navigating –
that’s reading maps and finding your way around.
嗯，他们说这些不同之处或许可以解释为什么男人更擅长做一件事，例如骑车或导航——看地图查找附近的路。
Rob:
And it explains why women are often better at multi-tasking – that’s doing several things at once.
这也解释了为什么女人更擅长一心多用——同时做几件不同的事。
Finn:
The research also showed women are better at remembering words, faces
and information about other people, and they also had longer attention
spans – that means they could concentrate on a task for longer without
becoming distracted. Rob? Rob? Are you there?
这项研究也表明女人更擅长记单词、认人和与人相关的其他信息。并且他们能更长时间的集中注意力——也就是说他们可以集中精力在一件事上而不被打扰。 罗伯? 罗伯?你在吗?
Rob:
Ah sorry. I was miles away. You might be right Finn! But not everyone agrees with this research.
不好意思我走神了。你或许是对的费恩！但并不是每个人都认同这项研究。
Finn:
No, Professor Heidi Johansen-Berg from the University of Oxford says
the connections inside the brain are not ’hard-wired’: in other words,
that means they are not permanently fixed and they keep changing.
是的， 来自牛津大学的海蒂·约翰森·伯格教授教认为大脑内部的连接并不是硬性连接的；换句话说，他们并不是永久固定的，他们是一直变化的。
Rob:
She said the brain is very complex – so you can’t make generalisations
about it – generalisations are statements that are often true but based
on a limited amount of information.
她说人类的大脑是十分复杂的——你不能一概而论——概括一般是根据真实的信息，但这些信息是有限的。
Finn:
But overall I think it’s an interesting idea. We asked our audience on social media what they thought about the study.
但整体来说我认为这是一件有趣的事。我们在社会媒体上询问了观众对这项研究的看法。
Rob:
Cremildo from Mozambique said he’s a man and agrees with the survey,
and he admires his mother who is able to do a lot of things by herself.
来自莫桑比克的Cremildo说他是男人，他认同这项研究，他很崇拜他妈妈，他妈妈一个人可以做很多事情。
Finn:
Pen Pae from Thailand says it depends on the individual – she’s good at
reading maps and multi-tasking – but don’t ask her about language or
driving.
来自泰国的Pen Pae认为这因人而异——她很擅长看地图而且能一心多用——但她不擅长语言和开车。
Rob:
And Hana Potki from Iran agrees – she said it took her five times to pass her driving test!
来自伊朗的Hana Potki认同这项研究——她说她驾照考试考了五次才通过了!
Finn:
Now Rob, earlier I asked you if you knew how heavy the human brain is, on average:
罗伯，之前我问你是否知道人类大脑的平均重量：
Rob:
And I said c) a heavy 3.6 kg.
我选的是c）3.6kg。
Finn:
Very very heavy brain and a lot heavier than the average human brain.
The answer was in fact a) 1.4 kg. This compares with the average of 7 kg
for whales and 1.4 for dolphins. Albert Einstein’s brain was only 1.2
kg that’s lower than average, so size isn’t everything. Now, Rob, before
we go – would you remind us of today’s brain-related words?
非常非常重的大脑，你的答案比人类的平均大脑重量重多了。答案实际上是a）1.4kg。鲸鱼的平均脑重是7kg，海豚的是1.4kg。阿尔伯特 · 爱因斯坦的大脑仅 1.2 公斤；低于平均脑重，因此尺寸不是万能的。现在罗伯，在我们结束之前，你能不能帮助大家回顾一下今天和大脑相关的一些词汇？
Rob:
Of course. We had:
当然可以。我们听到的有：
brainy
聪明的
rack my brains
绞尽脑汁
hemisphere
半球
navigating
导航
multi-tasking
多个任务
attention spans
注意力:
hard—wired
硬连线
generalisations
一概而论
Finn:
Great. Thank you Rob. And thanks everyone for listening. Join us again for more 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
很好，谢谢你罗伯。谢谢各位的收听。请记得收听我们下期的节目。
Rob:
Bye.
拜
Finn:
Goodbye.
再见。
That was 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English dot com.
以上是bbclearningenglish.com英语六分钟节目。
