种种结果都让研究人员非常兴奋,因为这意味着PD-1的表达既可以抑制获得性免疫(如T细胞),又可以抑制固有免疫(如巨噬细胞)。虽然大家都普遍认可PD-1/PD-L1抗体治疗是依靠激活T细胞来抗癌的,但是巨噬细胞的作用也不可忽视。正如本文的第一作者Sydney Gordon所说:“这将促使新抗癌疗法的出现,或者是旨在促进T细胞抗击癌症,或者是旨在促进巨噬细胞抗击癌症。”[7]
还有一点也让Weissman教授兴奋不已,PD-1/PD-L1抗体可能比之前认为的应用面更广泛、效果更好。他表示:“为了能利用抗体使T细胞抗癌,你首先需要一群已经学会识别特定癌细胞的T细胞;但是,巨噬细胞是固有免疫的一部分,这意味着它能识别各种病人的各种肿瘤!”[7]
该研究让我们看到了PD-1/PD-L1抗体治疗癌症的新方式,这让本就给癌症患者带来无限希望的抗体治疗愈发迷人。我们期待能够有效激发固有免疫和适应性免疫的抗体疗法早日造福癌症患者!
参考资料:
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[6] Hamanishi J, Mandai M, Iwasaki M, et al. Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 and tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes are prognostic factors of human ovarian cancer[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007, 104(9): 3360-3365.
[7]https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/05/170518143843.htm
[8] Morrison C. Immuno-oncologists eye up macrophagetargets[J]. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2016, 15(6): 373-374.
[9] Steidl C, Lee T, Shah S P, et al. Tumor-associated macrophages and survival in classic Hodgkin's lymphoma[J]. New England Journal of Medicine, 2010, 362(10): 875-885.
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