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面对人工智能带来的种种冲击,专家认为,上世纪50年代美国科幻小说家阿西莫夫提出的机器人三大定律,今天依然有借鉴意义。这三大定律是:机器人不得伤害人,也不得见人受到伤害而袖手旁观;机器人应服从人的一切命令,但不得违反第一定律;机器人应保护自身的安全,但不得违反第一、第二定律。
“归根结底,人是智能行为的总开关。”浙江大学计算机学院教授吴飞认为,人类完全可以做到未雨绸缪,应对人工智能可能带来的威胁。
“开发者应该始终把人工智能对社会负责的要求,放在技术进步的冲动之上。正如生物克隆技术,从提出克隆技术那一天开始,克隆的社会伦理问题就始终优先于克隆的技术问题。”中国社科院社会学研究所副研究员赵联飞认为,人类应该在开发人工智能的过程中,逐步积累控制人工智能的经验和技术,尤其是防止人工智能失控的经验和技术。
这一期的微翻译大赛讨论了科技话题,总的来说原文还是比较清楚直白的,大家普遍都能够很好处理。有几个小的地方希望大家注意:
中文名字。按照我国中文姓名的翻译习惯,使用拼音时仍然保持先姓后名的顺序,不需颠倒。有的同学把姓放在后面,写为Fei Wu, Lianfei Zhao,严格来说这种写法不符合规定。
在翻译的过程中,大家要牢记多查多核实。文中的阿西莫夫机器人三大定律是有英文原文的,因此可以直接引用而无需自己翻译。这样可以保证文字的准确,也可以减少翻译的压力。同样的也包括如“中国社科院社会学研究所”这样的机构,都有专门的名称。
文章开头有“今天依然有借鉴意义”一句,其中的“借鉴意义”比较难处理。英文中有一个词可能大家碰到过,很多时候要转述成中文也比较拗口,就是relevant。在这里其实是一个不错的选择。大家也许看到过如“… still relevant”这样的表述,而在这篇文章中就可以说the laws are still relevant today。有的同学使用了reference这个词,而reference常常指的是具体的实物参照物,在这里会显得略过于直译。
文中有好几处“认为”,有的同学使用了如reckon, maintain, hold等词。这些词当然有表达观点的意思,但过于书卷气,听上去非常“之乎者也”。最常用的如believe, think, say等词用在这里就足够了。
本期的优秀译文来自Iris Liu:
Confronted with various challenges posed by artificial intelligence (AI), experts think that the "Three Laws of Robotics" invented by Isaac Asimov, an American science fiction writer in 1950s(the 1950s), still have certain significance for reference today(只用significance也可以). These laws are as following:
"A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law."
"Ultimately, the mankind is the master switch to intelligent behavior." Professor Wu Fei from College of Computer Science and Technology, ZJU, says(可以把says放在前面:says Professor Wu Fei…). He thinks that the human beings are surely able to take precautions against potential threats posed by AI.
"Developers should place the requirement for AI to be responsible for the society on top of(over) the impulse to develop technology. This is akin to(similar to) the case of biological cloning technology in which the social and ethical issues concerning cloning is always prior to(are always more important than) the technical issues." Zhao Lianfei, an associate professor at the Institute of Sociology, China Academy of Social Sciences, thinks that during the process of developing AI, human beings should gradually build up the experience and techniques(technologies更好,technique偏重于技巧) in controlling AI, especially those in preventing AI from getting out of control.
原外交部翻译司英语高翻,长期参与国家领导人的外事交同传工作。曾在全世界40余个国家参加重要外交活动,具有丰富的口笔译实战经验。
因为种种原因,陪伴大家两年多的微翻译大赛即将停办,本期是最后一期。本期优胜者将获得特别奖品,包括China Daily定制雨伞、笔记本,以及编辑部实习机会。
明天CD君将带大家回顾微翻译大赛一路走来的点点滴滴,敬请关注。