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Designing urban spaces to improve mobility for all inhabitants is one of the main objectives of NACTO, the National Association of City Transportation Officials.
Founded in1996, this non-profit organization brings together more than
40 US and Canadian cities to share their advice and design practices
seeking to raise the design standards in public policies for public
spaces, mobility, and transportation.
NCATO作为城市交通协会这一官方组织，其主要目标之一城市空间设计，为所有居民改善空间流动性。这一非运营组织成立于1996年，汇集了40多个美国和加拿大的城市，分享与交流他们的对于提升公共空间、流动性和交通方面政策的建议和设计标准。
They’ve
developed a series of guides in which they propose design guidelines to
make streets, cycle paths,intersections and other urban spaces more
accessible and safe for all road users. One of the most recent is the "Transit Street Design Guide"
in which they offer,among other things, 6 recommendations to take into
account when designing bus stops. Find out what these recommendations
are below.
他们设计了一系列的指南帮助行人司机更安全的在街道，交叉路口或者其他区域活动。其中最新的是“街道交通设计指南”，其中提供了6条方便人们在设计公交站时需要考虑的建议。
1. "Stations are Gateways."
车站也是大门
The
relationship vehicular traffic has with sidewalks and buildings is one
point that should receive special attention when designing a bus stop or
station. This is because the waya stop interacts with its environment
determines whether or not it’s an appropriate access point to the
transit system.
在设计公交站和车站时应特别注意的一点是车辆交通和人行道及建筑物的关系。公交车进站的方式决定它是否适合接入交通系统。
In
addition, if the stops have elements to make the passengers’ wait more
pleasant such as trees, seats, and a shelter to protect them from the
rain, it is possible to positively influence the perceptions of public
transport for the pedestrians and drivers in the surrounding area.
另外如果车站中有更多的类似树木、座位或者灰空间来防止落雨，可以提升乘客和周围司机对公交系统的好感。
2. "Facilitate Movement, Ease Interactions."
促进运动，缓解相互作用
The
role that public transport stations can play in a neighborhood goes
much further than just being where people get on and off a bus. In fact,
if the design and location of the stopsare well planned, it is possible
to reduce travel times and thus increase confidence in the transit
system.
公交站在环境中充当的角色远远大于人们上下车的站台这一点，如果公交站设计的很好，可以大大节省乘客的时间并提升他们的好感度。
This
is possible if the stops become intermodal centers distributed
throughout the city that offer public bicycle rentals as well as
opportunities for ride shares and other services. By doing so, any
investments that are made will benefit the operation of the station and
activity at street level.
如果站台附近分布着公共自行车和多式联动中心的话会非常有利于街道车站的使用量。
3. "In-lane Stops Save Time."
内线停车节省时间
Stops
in bus-only lanes make it possible to reduce delays for the other
traffic by concentrating stops in traffic flow to a single lane. This
also offers an opportunity to create a safer space where passengers can
board buses more calmly. They also contribute to condensing activity to a
single point on the sidewalk without affecting the flow of pedestrians.
公交专用线可以减少其他车辆对公交系统的影响，将公交车集中到相应车道会让人流规整，乘客可以更自觉更安全的上车，不会因为人员流动而影响交通。
4. "Universal Design is Equitable Design."
适合于大众的设计就是最公平的设计
It’s
possible to ensure that differently-abled passengers and people of any
age can safely board buses if the bus stops’ designs are people-centered
and accessible to all from the outset.
以人为本，确保不同年龄不同需求的乘客都可以安全舒适地搭乘公共汽车。
That’s why NACTO believes
that intelligent design improves trip experience on public transport
not only for those who have reduced mobility, but for all users.
Planning a design well from the start can reduce time spent on future
overhauls as well as costs for up keep or accident repairs.
NACTO认为智能设计对于公交系统不止提升了特殊人群，而是对于所有用户的体验感都有所提升。从一开始很好的规划设计，可以减少未来重新修改所需的时间和费用。
5. "Design for Safety."
安全设计
NACTO
defines having traffic safe and socially safe pedestrian routes from
places of origin to stops as an element that is "vital to achieving a
safe [transportation] system".
NACTO定义了从起始站到各停靠站的交通安全和行人路线来作为“实现安全系统的重要因素”。
For
that same reason, they offer some design elements that help to achieve
this, including taking into consideration that the stops be close to
areas of all-hours activity, that shelters and stands are seen as places
for waiting and human-scale lighting, in other words, light fixtures
designed for people and not cars.
出于同样的原因，他们提供了一些有助于实现这一目标的设计元素，其中包括在车站附近的全日制的活动区域，在站台和灰空间区域作为等待和照明的场所，换句话说是为了人更方便而做的设计。
In
doing so, the organization states that passengers can make better
decisions when planning where and when to take public transportation.
在这样的引导下，该组织声明乘客在规划何时何地搭乘公交时可以做出更好的决定。
6. "Integrate Vehicle and Platform Design."
整合车辆和站台的设计
Designing
stops to be level with buses and the sidewalks is a basic feature so
that boarding is first and foremost accessible and fast. This situation,
which NACTO considers as a key part of any system, requires that they have a flexible design able to be used with different types of buses.
将站台的人行道和公交车设置成同样高度是一个基本要求，考虑的是可达性和迅速。在这种情形下，NACTO认为任何系统的关键点在于他们能在不同种类公共汽车掺杂的情况下灵活应对。
引用: Constanza Martínez Gaete. "6 Tips forDesigning Accessible and Safe Bus Stops" 27 Mar 2017. ArchDaily. Accessed 30 Mar 2017.
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