【Advances in Applied Energy】在难以减排的运输部门中使用可再生燃料的碳减排成本

AEii国际应用能源 · 公众号 · · 2023-11-23 08:44

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原文信息：

Carbon abatement costs for renewable fuels in hard-to-abate transport sectors

原文链接：

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666792423000355

Highlights

Electricity cost, energy efficiency, and the type of fossil fuels drive abatement costs .
Effect of government intervention varies across fuel value chains.
De-risking investments materially decrease abatement cost.
Long-term incentives required across sectors and fuels.
Lowest abatement cost in trucking, followed by shipping and aviation.

摘要

可再生燃料有助于减少交通运输中的碳排放。为了为规划决策提供参考，本文估算了挪威长途货运、短途海运和中程航空货运中用可再生氢、氨或费托电子燃料替代化石燃料的碳减排成本。我们通过应用可再生燃料价值链的整体成本模型来做到这一点。我们比较各个运输部门的减排成本，并分析价值链上的政策干预（例如碳定价、补贴和去风险政策）如何影响碳减排成本。我们预计 2020 年的减排成本为 793-1,598 欧元/吨二氧化碳，2050 年为-11-675 欧元/吨二氧化碳，具体取决于电力来源、运输部门和燃料类型。例如，通过补贴，使得氢气成本降低 1 欧元/kg，可将目前氢动力卡车运输的碳减排成本降低 95 欧元/吨二氧化碳，将电子燃料动力的航运的碳减排成本降低 133 欧元/吨二氧化碳，将电子燃料动力的空运碳减排成本降低 143 欧元/吨二氧化碳。我们进一步表明，加权平均资本成本的降低大大降低了减排成本，特别是对于相对资本密集度的可再生氢而言。

更多关于 "Carbon abatement costs " 的研究请见 https://www.sciencedirect.com/search?qs=Carbon%20abatement%20costs

Abstr act

Renewable fuels can help to reduce carbon emissions from transportation. To inform planning decisions, this paper estimates carbon abatement costs of replacing fossil fuels with renewable hydrogen, ammonia, or Fischer– Tropsch e-fuel in Norwegian freight transport across long-haul trucking, short-sea shipping, and medium-haul aviation. We do this by applying a holistic cost model of renewable fuel value chains. We compare abatement costs across transport sectors and analyze how policy interventions along the value chains – such as carbon pricing, subsidies, and de-risking policies – impact carbon abatement costs. We estimate abatement costs of 793–1,598 €/tCO2 in 2020 and -11–675 €/tCO2 in 2050, depending on the electricity source, transport sector, and type of fuel. A 1 €/kg reduction in the cost of hydrogen - e.g. through a subsidy - lowers present-day carbon abatement cost by 95 €/tCO2 for hydrogen-powered trucking, 133 €/tCO2 for e-fuel-powered shipping, and 143 €/tCO2 for e-fuel-powered aviation. We further show that reductions in the weighted average cost of capital materially decrease abatement cost, particularly for renewable hydrogen due to its relative capital intensity.

Keywords

Truck

Ship

Airplane

Hydrogen

E-fuel

Climate policy

Graphics

Fig. 1. Model structure based on [16].

【Advances in Applied Energy】在难以减排的运输部门中使用可再生燃料的碳减排成本

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