专栏名称: 华乐丝Wallace

学术英文润色

频繁使用动词名词化，这样做好吗？

华乐丝Wallace · 公众号 · · 2023-06-07 10:42

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华乐丝Wallace

学术英文润色（长按二维码关注）

想使论文精简，建议您避免不必要的动词名词化做法。动词名词化是将动词变成其名词形式，使用在句子中。这样做不仅在语法上是允许的，而且还可以简单、快速的帮论文“瘦身”。但有时候不必要的使用动词名词化，反而会使语句读起来拖沓。

在华乐丝的校稿服务中，我们最常遇到的是动词measure的名词化使用。来看看以下这些例子。

例句一：Measurements of background signals were made.

改句：Background signals were measured.

此例，如果我们是动作的施动者，则可将被动式语态改为主动式语态：We measured background signals。当然要注意，有些学术期刊格式不建议在论文中使用第一人称I或we。

例句二：Iodine isotope ratio measurements were conducted by acceleration mass spectrometry.

改句：Iodine isotope ratios were measured by acceleration mass spectrometry.

例句三：Electrical resistivity measurements and magnetization measurements were carried out.

改句：Electrical resistivity and magnetization were measured.

再举例其他一些动词以名词形式出现在句子中：

例句四：Exposure of the catalysts to NO was carried out at 50 L (1 L = 10–6 Torr).

改句：The catalysts were exposed to NO at 50 L (1 L = 10–6 Torr).

例句五：Product analysis was carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.

改句：Products were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.

例句六：Drying of the diluted suspensions was carried out at 80 °C.

改句：The diluted suspensions were dried at 80 °C.

例句七：The geometry optimizations in the ground states were carried out by the DFT method.

改句：The ground-state geometries were optimized by the DFT method.

例句八：Product identification was carried out by X-ray diffraction analysis.

改句：Products were identified by X-ray diffraction analysis.

另外，我们再来看一些跟动词有关的简化句子的例子：

1. Is/are/was/were different

“名词＋系动词＋形容词”可以直接用对应的“动词＋副词”的组合来替换，如下例：

例句九：The behaviors of the bacteriophages were different.

改句：The bacteriophages behaved differently.

例句十：The redox properties of CeO2 are different from those of Pr6O11.

改句：The redox properties of CeO2 differ from those of Pr6O11.

2. Effective for

同样的“名词＋系动词＋形容词”句型，还可以用以下方式改写，来简化句子。

例句十一：The process was effective for the removal of both viruses.

改句：The process effectively removed both viruses.

例句十二：The aluminum species was effective for charge neutralization.

改句：The aluminum species effectively neutralized the charge.

3. Is/are/was/were observed

被动语态的动词observe，常常可以被省略掉。

例句十三：High electron-injection efficiency was observed in all films.

改句：Electron-injection efficiency was high in all films.

例句十四：The formation of epoxide was observed at 323 K.

改句：Epoxide formed at 323 K.

例句十五：No removal of either virus by the coagulant was observed.

改句：Neither virus was removed by the coagulant.

4. Show

动词show＋动词的名词化形式，在以下的例句中，可以省略show，而直接用动词或动词词组。

例句十六：The calculation showed a systematic overestimation of the true value.

改句：The calculation systematically overestimated the true value.

例句十七：The cells showed no change in morphology.

改句：The cell morphology did not change.

例句十八：Some dye cations show strong absorption in this region.

改句：Some dye cations absorb strongly in this region.

如上所述，动词名词化是合乎语法规则的，不需要忌讳。但您若希望让文句简洁有力，建议减少使用动词名词化，而尽量用动词。

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