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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
estimates
that, to keep temperatures between 1.5°C and 2°C above pre-industrial levels, human methane emissions must drop to 35% below
where they stood in 2010
by mid-century.
政府间气候变化委员会估计，为了将温度维持在比工业化前高1.5℃-2℃的水平，人为甲烷排放量必须在这个世纪中期下降到2010年排放量的35%。
1.drop to表示“下降到”，drop by表示“下降了”
2.below的用法和含义在这句话中非常重要，这里先看一个例句:the pledge to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 26-28 percent below the 2005 level in 2025.“到2025年在2005年温室气体排放基础上排放下降26%-28%”的气候行动目标
因此这里应该是:下降到2010年排放量的35%
3.表示读数，位置和程度的时候可以使用stand，例如:US greenhouse gas emissions stood at just 12 percent below the 2005 level
你可能有一个你从未见过的室友。更糟糕的是，他们爱管闲事。它们会追踪你在电视上看什么，你什么时候让客厅的灯开着，它们甚至会追踪你什么时候用钥匙链进入房子。这就是生活在“智能家居”中的现实：房子总是受到监视，有时它会把这些数据提供给出价最高者——甚至是警察。
This problem stems from the US government buying data from private companies, a practice increasingly unearthed in media investigations though
still
quite
shrouded
in secrecy. It’s relatively simple in a country like the United States without strong privacy laws: approach a third-party firm that sells databases of information on citizens, pay them for it and then use the data however deemed
fit
.
这一问题源于美国//政//府从私营企业购买数据，虽然这种做法在媒体调查中被越来越多地揭露出来，但仍处于一种秘密状态。在美国这样一个没有严格的隐私法的国家，很容易发生这样的事：找到一家出售公民信息数据库的第三方公司，向他们花钱买数据，然后根据其需要使用这些数据。
The Washington Post recently reported – citing documents uncovered by researchers at the Georgetown school of law – that US Immigration and Customs Enforcement has been using this very playbook to buy up “hundreds of millions of phone, water, electricity and other utility records while pursuing immigration violations”.
《华盛顿邮报》最近援引乔治城大学法学院研究人员发现的成果，发表报道称，美国移民和海关执法局一直在使用这种手段，购买“数以亿计条电话、水、电和其他公用设施的使用记录，追查违反移民规定的行为”。
“Modern surveillance” might evoke images of
drones
overhead, smartphones constantly pinging
cell towers
, and facial recognition deployed at political protests. All of these are indeed unchecked forms of 21st-century monitoring, often in uniquely concerning ways. Facial recognition, for instance, can be run continuously, from a distance, with minimal human involvement in the search and surveillance process.
“现代监控”可能会让人联想到悬挂在上空的无人机、智能手机不停地与信号塔发出脉冲信号，以及政///治///抗///议活动中使用的面部识别系统。这些都是21世纪未经控制的监控形式，而且其监控方式让人格外感到担心。例如，面部识别可以在远程持续运行，搜索和监视过程中很少需要人力参与。
But the reporting on Ice’s use of utility records is a powerful reminder that it’s not just flashy
gadgets
that increasingly watch our every move; there’s also a large and ever-growing economy of data brokerage, in which companies and government agencies, law enforcement included, can buy up data on millions of Americans that we might not even think of as sensitive.
Privacy protections in the United States are generally quite weak; when it comes to police purchases of private data, they are completely absent. This is one of the oddities of trying to update 18th-century rights to address 21st-century threats. At the time of the country’s founding, the framers wrote about protecting things like our homes, our papers and other physical objects.
美国对隐私的保护一般来说相当薄弱；当警察想要购买隐私数据时，就更谈不上隐私保护了。在试图完善18世纪的权利，以应对21世纪人们隐私信息被贩卖的威胁时，这一点就显得很奇怪。而且在美国建国之初，立宪者就制定了要保护我们的家园，保护信件和其他实物的条款。
本文节选自：The Guardian（卫报）
发布时间：2021.04.05
作者：Albert Fox Cahn and Justin Sherman
原文标题：Your 'smart home' is watching – and possibly sharing your data with the police
