正文
Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good
sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering
days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for
the easiest way to the top because the summit was the prize they sought, especi-
ally if it had never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations
they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped
in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but
they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim,
a solitary goal--the top!
It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Ex-
cept for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly
become popular, Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements cut off
from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were were generally
dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often
twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no
inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could--sometimes with the
local priest (who was usually as poor as his parishioners), sometimes with shep-
herds or cheesemakers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and
poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course
dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps
must have been very hard indeed.
New words and expression
1、 alpinist(1.1)/'$lpinist/n．登山运动员
climber mountaineer
词根：alp- Alps(1.16)/$lps/ n．阿尔卑斯山脉Alpine(1.9)/$lpain/adj．阿尔卑斯山的
2、 attain(1.4)/+'tein/ v．到达
to get to
to arrive at/in
to attain one's goal=realize
to attain the top/peak/summit 达到顶点
attain youth 永葆青春
attainment (n) attainments 成就 accomplishment
3、perilous(1.5)/'peril+s/adj．危险的 peril （随时可能出现的）危险
avalanche雪崩
4、shudder (1.5)/'M)d+/ v．不寒而栗
shudder:quick and sudden
tremble:long and very obvious
quiver:excitement ,maybe cold
shiver: cold and nervous
5、 go out of one's way 专门 by the way 顺路 too much for me 受不起
6、 court （multiple meanings 多义词）
1） 朝廷 朝臣courtier
2） courteous彬彬有礼的
3） 法庭
4） 娱乐场 足球场soccer/football court高尔夫球场golf court
5） 追求
6） 招致 骄兵必败pride courts failure
7、 solitary(1.6)/'s&lrt+ri/adj．唯一的
sol-独 solo独唱 独奏
solitude 孤独
I live in solitude.=I live a lonely life.
8、 pioneer(1.2)/?pai+'n+/ v．开辟，倡导；n．先锋，开辟者
9、 impoverish(11.9-10)/$m'p&v+rM/v．使贫困 poor（口语词）
罗素名言：A great many man will cheerfully face inpoverishment if they can secure complete
ruin for their rival,hence present level of taxation.
许多人会高兴的面对贫困，如果他们能使对手落魄，因此出现了现在的税收水平。
10、coarse(1.12)/k&:s/adj．粗劣的
coarse throat 嗓子哑
sore throat
嗓子发炎
coarse fare 粗粮
refined fair细粮
coarse and refined
in a coarse manner粗暴无礼
11、boast(1.12)/b+ust/v．自恃有
用法：以人作主语，夸耀；以物作主语，拥有
He boasted that of his knowledge.
The center boasts a team of high qualify(qualified researchers.)
12、parishioner(1.13)/p+riM+n+/n．教区居民
parish教区
13、shepherd(1.14)/'Mep+d/n．牧羊人 sheepshep 羊 herd 兽群
14、linen(1.15)/'linin/n．亚麻布床单
Notes on the text
1、Route 路线 Road 道路
2、good sports :stimulus 刺激 thrilling 震撼、兴奋
3、regard
regard sb with sth(感情词love \hatred\horror\respect)
Dad, I regard you with horror.爸爸，我很害怕你。
4、pineering days, ancient (先人时期)
5、not at all 根本不 case这回事
6、be doing 表达当时的行动（状态）
7、top:顶点 summit 山顶 peak山顶
The scenery is at the peak of the mountain.无限风光在险峰。
I am at the top of the world.我在世界之巅。
Summit meeting峰会
8、 attain 到达 conquer 征服
9、be of the most perilous nature
nature 特点、特性
the most perilous difficulties and dangers
学会be of the + adj+noun 结构He is the kindest man. =He is the man of the kindest man.
10、equipped 表示当时的一种伴随。
11、in a manner 以这样的方式
12、make sb do sth (省to 结构)
13、at the thought 一想到 ，mention一提到,idea 一想到
这个结构后面加介词of 原文即 at the thought of their poor equipment
14、go out of one's way 刻意 intentionally eye catching引人注目的
15、the real living conditions 真实生存状况
16、nowadays 插入语，现在回想起来，可在句首、句末
17、except for 把其中的一部分扣除
18、tend to be 倾向于
19、settlement 生存地、驻扎地
20、cut off=which are cut off
21、flea ridden跳蚤
22、as they were 可以这么说，插入语 还有as it were
This book is , as it were, his life portrait.
这本书，可是说，是他的人生写照。
23、local当地的
24、wine低度酒 alcohol 酒精 alcoholic酒鬼
25、boast 拥有 priest牧师 shepherd牧羊人 invariably=all the same
26、dirt and poverty， and very uncomfortable （结构不符合习惯，不可学）
27、course一道菜
28、must have been表推测
29、be accustomed to ,be used to + 名词、动名词
I am used to the life in Bejing.
I am used to living in Bejing.
30、早餐：scratch a meal 中午餐：snack快餐 晚餐：dinner
31、the change to
Education brings great change to his outlook/view on life.
教育使他的面貌（对生活的看法）产生了很大变化。
中文翻译
难的现代登山运动员总想找一条能够给他们带来运动乐趣的路线来攀登山峰。他们认为， 道路愈艰险愈带劲儿。然而，在登山运动的初期，全然不是这种情况。早期登山者所寻找的是通往山顶的最方便的途径，因为顶峰特别是前人未曾到过的顶峰 -- 才是他们寻求的目标。确实，在探险中他们经常遇到惊心动魄的困难和危险，而他们装备之简陋足以使现代登山者一想起来就胆战心惊。但是，他们并非故意寻求这种刺激，他们只有一个目标，唯一的目标 -- 顶峰！我们今天很难想像昔日的登山先驱们是多么艰苦。除了泽曼特和夏蒙尼等一两个很快出了名的地方外，阿尔卑斯山山区的小村几乎全是高山环抱、与世隔绝的穷乡僻壤。那里的小客栈一般都很肮脏，而且跳蚤猖獗。食物是当地的干酪和通常存放了一年之久的面包，人们就着劣酒吞下这种食物。山谷里常常没有小客栈，登山者只好随遇而安。有时同当地牧师 （他通常和他的教民一样穷）住在一起，有时同牧羊人或制乳酪的人住在一起。无论住在哪儿，情况都一样：肮脏、贫穷，极其不舒适。对于过惯了一顿饭吃7道菜、睡亚麻细布床单的人来说，变换一下生活环境来到阿尔卑斯山山区，那一定是很艰难的。
