正文
Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good
sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering
days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for
the easiest way to the top because the summit was the prize they sought, especi-
ally if it had never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations
they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped
in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but
they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim,
a solitary goal--the top!
It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Ex-
cept for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly
become popular, Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements cut off
from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were were generally
dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often
twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no
inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could--sometimes with the
local priest (who was usually as poor as his parishioners), sometimes with shep-
herds or cheesemakers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and
poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course
dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps
must have been
very hard indeed.
New words and expression
1
、
alpinist(1.1)/'$lpinist/n
．登山运动员
climber mountaineer
词根：
alp- Alps(1.16)/$lps/ n
．阿尔卑斯山脉
Alpine(1.9)/$lpain/adj
．阿尔卑斯山的
2
、
attain(1.4)/+'tein/ v
．到达
to get to
to arrive at/in
to attain one's goal=realize
to attain the top/peak/summit
达到顶点
attain youth
永葆青春
attainment (n) attainments
成就
accomplishment
3
、
perilous(1.5)/'peril+s/adj
．危险的
peril
（随时可能出现的）危险
avalanche
雪崩
4
、
shudder (1.5)/'M)d+/ v
．不寒而栗
shudder:quick and sudden
tremble:long and very obvious
quiver:excitement ,maybe cold
shiver: cold and nervous
5
、
go out of one's way
专门
by the way
顺路
too much for me
受不起
6
、
court
（
multiple meanings
多义词）
1
）
朝廷
朝臣
courtier
2
）
courteous
彬彬有礼的
3
）
法庭
4
）
娱乐场
足球场
soccer/football court
高尔夫球场
golf court
5
）
追求
6
）
招致
骄兵必败
pride courts failure
7
、
solitary(1.6)/'s&lrt+ri/adj
．唯一的
sol-
独
solo
独唱
独奏
solitude
孤独
I live in solitude.=I live a lonely life.
8
、
pioneer(1.2)/?pai+'n+/ v
．开辟，倡导；
n
．先锋，开辟者
9
、
impoverish(11.9-10)/$m'p&v+rM/v
．使贫困
poor
（口语词）
罗素名言：
A great many man will cheerfully face inpoverishment if they can secure complete
ruin for their rival,hence present level of taxation.
许多人会高兴的面对贫困，如果他们能使对手落魄，因此出现了现在的税收水平。
10
、
coarse(1.12)/k&:s/adj
．粗劣的
coarse throat
嗓子哑
sore throat
嗓子发炎
coarse fare
粗粮
refined fair
细粮
coarse and refined
in a coarse manner
粗暴无礼
11
、
boast(1.12)/b+ust/v
．自恃有
用法：以人作主语，夸耀；以物作主语，拥有
He boasted that of his knowledge.
The center boasts a team of high qualify(qualified researchers.)
12
、
parishioner(1.13)/p+riM+n+/n
．教区居民
parish
教区
13
、
shepherd(1.14)/'Mep+d/n
．牧羊人
sheepshep
羊
herd
兽群
14
、
linen(1.15)/'linin/n
．亚麻布床单
Notes on the text
1
、
Route
路线
Road
道路
2
、
good sports :stimulus
刺激
thrilling
震撼、兴奋
3
、
regard
regard sb with sth(
感情词
love \hatred\horror\respect)
Dad, I regard you with horror.
爸爸，我很害怕你。
4
、
pineering days, ancient (
先人时期
)
5
、
not at all
根本不
case
这回事
6
、
be doing
表达当时的行动（状态）
7
、
top:
顶点
summit
山顶
peak
山顶
The scenery is at the peak of the mountain.
无限风光在险峰。
I am at the top of the world.
我在世界之巅。
Summit meeting
峰会
8
、
attain
到达
conquer
征服
9
、
be of the most perilous nature
nature
特点、特性
the most perilous difficulties and dangers
学会
be of the + adj+noun
结构
He is the kindest man. =He is the man of the kindest man.
10
、
equipped
表示当时的一种伴随。
11
、
in a manner
以这样的方式
12
、
make sb do sth (
省
to
结构
)
13
、
at the thought
一想到
，
mention
一提到
,idea
一想到
这个结构后面加介词
of
原文即
at the thought of their poor equipment
14
、
go out of one's way
