这篇文章是考研英语一2011 Text 1的真题原文,和2010年 Text 1
考研英语真题精读:报刊艺术评论的衰落|2010 Text 1
一样,出自
杂志Commentary。这篇文章我们会分为两周来完成,今天带大家学习第一到三段。
大家可以边听音频边阅读文章,听力基础比较好的同学可以先单独听音频,进行听力练习后,再阅读原文。
2011 Text 1
Selling Classical Music
The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.
One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.
For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.
2011 Text 1
Selling Classical Music
文章第一二段以一个热点事件引入话题。
①
The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director
has been the talk of
the classical-music world
ever since
the sudden announcement of his
appointment
in 2009.
②
For the
most part
, the response has been
favorable
,
to say the least
.
③
“
Hooray
! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a
sober-sided
classical-music
critic
.
-
📒
语篇分析:①句简述事件背景:纽约爱乐乐团
突然
任命
Alan Gilbert
为音乐总监。②句引出大众对这一决定的态度:支持
(favourable)
。③句引用严肃音乐评论家的话论证②句。
sober-sided
与拟声词
Hooray
形成强烈的反差,更加突出这次任命受到大力支持
(favourable)
。
-
be the
talk
of ...
形容某事成为人人都在讨论的话题、热议话题,比如昨天高考出分,与你住同一栋楼的一个女孩考取了本市的状元,成为街头巷尾大家都在讨论的事情,这时我们就可以说
She became the talk of the neighborhood.
[写作推荐]
-
ever since
指“自从,从
…
起”
(continuously since the time mentioned)
,我们在
2010 Text 2
也遇见过,原句是
Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago.
现在,美国最高专利法院似乎已经准备好缩减商业方法专利的数量,因为这类专利自十年前首次获批以来就一直存在争议。
[复习]
-
appointment
[ə'pɔɪntmənt]
义为“任命,委任
”
(the act of putting a person into a non-elective position)
◇His appointment to the cabinet will please the right-wing.
他被任命为内阁成员,这会让右翼党很高兴。
-
for the most part
是一个固定词组,指“多半,通常”,
相当于
mostly
,
usually
,比如我的读者大多是大学生:
My readers are, for the most part, college students.
-
favorable
['fevərəbl]
的含义非常丰富,我们来学习几个常见义项:
-
1.义为“赞成的,肯定的”
(positive and showing your good opinion of sb / sth)
,比如
◇His work has received favorable remarks from the critics.
他的作品受到了评论家的好评。
-
2.义为“讨人喜欢的;赢得赞许的”
(making people like or approve of
someone or something)
,如打扮得整洁漂亮在面试时会给人留下好印象,我们可以说
◇A smart appearance makes a favourable impression at an interview.
-
3.表示“有利的;有助于…的
”
(good for sth and making it likely to be successful or have an advantage)
,惯用搭配为
be favorable to / for sth
,如
◇a financial environment that is favorable to job creation
有利于创造就业机会的金融环境
-
favorable
的动词和名词形式是
favor
['fevɚ]
。
-
to say the least
是一个惯用词组,指“至少可以说”
(used to show that something is worse or more serious than you are actually saying)
。
-
Hooray
[huˈreɪ]
是一个表示欢呼的拟声词。
-
sober-sided
指“严肃的,庄重的”
(solemn or serious in nature or appearance)
比如
◇he is a sober-sided man among the audience.
他在观众当中是清醒的一个。
-
critic
这个单词我们在2010 Text 1 也遇到过,
原句是
He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored.
他于1967年被封为爵士,是第一位获此殊荣的音乐评论家。再回顾一下当时的讲解:
critic
既可指“评论家,评论员”,也可指“批评者“。同样,名词
criticism
既可指评“评论”,也可指“批评”,动词
criticize
既可指“评论”,也可指“批评,指责”。
[复习]
-
第
③
句话再次出现了我们上周讲过的间接引语前置这一语法现象,还原为一般语序是
Anthony Tomma
sini, a sober-sided classical-music critic, wrote “Hooray! At last!”
.
[复习]
-
✏️读完解析后,再回头阅读一遍原文,看是否能够快速、流畅的阅读,能不看中文译文就不看译文,习惯纯英文阅读。
2009
年纽约爱乐乐团突然宣布聘请
Alan Gilbert
作为其下一任音乐总监,自此,这一决定一直是古典音乐界热议的话题。至少可以说,大部分人对此都是表示赞成的。A
nthony Tommasini
写道:“好啊!终于这么做了!”,他可是一个
严肃的古典音乐评论家。
①
One of the reasons why the appointment
came as such a surprise
, however, is that
Gilbert is
comparatively
little known
.
②
Even Tommasini, who had
advocated
Gilbert’s
appointment
in the
Times,
calls him “an
unpretentious
musician wi
th no
air
of
the
formidable
conductor
about him.”
③
As a description of the next music director of an
orchestra
that
has
hitherto
been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have
struck
at least some
Times
readers
as
faint praise.
-
大家在阅读过程中遇到像come as...这样简单易学又地道的表达,也可以自己动手造句,从输入换为输出。
come
as
还可以与其他名词搭配,比如
sth comes as a relief
某事令人松了一口气,
sth come as a blow
某事对某人来说是一大打击。
-
comparatively
[kəmˈpærətɪvli] 指“相对地,比较地”
(as compared to sth / sb else)
,
可以替换我们熟悉的
relatively
,比如《纽约时报》一篇关于色情行业的报道提到:
She was arrested several times before getting out of the business, and feels
comparatively
lucky.
她在被逮捕多次后离开了这个行业,并且觉得自己运气是相对较好的。
comparatively speaking
也是高频表达,指“相对来说”,大家可以记下来,用在自己的作文里。
[写作推荐]
-
be little known
形容某事“鲜为人知”,与
be well known
相反,比如
◇This book is popular while the author is little known.
这本书非常受欢迎,但是这本书的作者却鲜为人知。
-
advocate
['ædvəkət] 作动词指“拥护,提倡,主张”
(If you advocate a particular action or plan, you recommend it publicly)
,作名词指“提倡者,拥护者”
(someone who publicly supports someone or something)
。
-
pretentious
义为“狂妄的,自命不凡的”
(trying to appear important, intelligent, etc. in order to impress other people; trying to be sth that you are not, in order to impress)
,加上否定前缀
un-
构成
unpretentious
指“不事张扬的,不爱炫耀的,低调的”
(not trying to appear more special, intelligent, important, etc. than you really are)
比如一栋朴实无华的小房子,我们可以说
a small, unpretentious house
。
-
air
在这里不是指“空气”,“神态,氛围”
(the particularfeeling or impression that is given by sb / sth; the way sb does sth)
,比如
◇Theroom had an air of luxury.
房间具有豪华的气派。文中with no air of the formidable conductor about him意思是他没有指挥家那种令人生畏的架子。
[
熟词僻义
]
-
formidable
['fɔrmɪdəbl] 义为“可怕的,令人畏惧的”
(extremely impressive in strength or excellence)
比如
◇a formidable opponent
可怕的对手 这是一个高频搭配,常用于形容强劲的对手,比如米歇尔·奥巴马在Becoming曾这样描写奥巴马的对手希拉里
Hillary Clinton was a serious and formidable opponent.
-
conductor
[kənˈdʌktər] 义为“指挥”
(A conductor is a person who stands in front of an orchestra or choir and directs its performance)
。除此之外,
conductor
还可表示“公交车售票员”,“火车列车员”以及“导体”。
-
hitherto
[ˌhɪðɚ'tu] adv. 义为“到目前为止”
(used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time),
比如《经济学人》一篇关于人工智能的文章曾这样说道:
From driverless cars to clever household gadgets, innovations that already exist could destroy swathes of jobs that have
hitherto
been untouched.
已有的创新——无论是无人驾驶汽车还是具有人工智能的家居产品——可能会“消灭”一大批至今还尚未受到影响的工作。这句话里的短语driverless cars, clever household gadgets, swathes of jobs都可以积累下来,用在科技相关的话题里。大家也可以直接把这句话背下来。
[写作推荐]
-
strike sb as...
是一个超高频的表达,我在外刊、原版书、美剧中都遇到过很多次,意思是“触动”某人,“给某人带来某种印象”,可以译为“令人觉得…”,替换我们的第一反应make sb feel...,
as
后面既可以跟形容词,也可以跟名词,比如她在我眼里是一个很独立的人:
She struck me as an independent person.
也可以写作
She struck me as independent.
-
下次想表达“我觉得某事如何如何”的时候,就可以使用短话
sth struck/strikes me as …
,
比如我觉得这个决定不现实:
The decision struck me as impractical.
我觉得他的反应很奇怪:
His reaction struck me as odd.
-
细心的同学可能会发现,同一个意思,用英文说的两个句子都是用物做主语:
the decision, his reaction,
而用中文说的两个句子都是以人为主语,写作“我觉得….” 。这里也体现了中文和英文一大差异,我们在精读社和
经济学人:你会选择如何告别人世?|双语精读
这篇文章都讲过,大家可以回顾一下。同学们以后在阅读中也要多注意英文和中文不同的地方,揣摩两种语言思维和表达方式的不同,这对你写出更有”英语味儿”的句子、译出更通顺的中文都很有帮助。
-
faint
作形容词指“微小的”,相当于
very small
,常用于形容
hope
,
chance
,比如
◇
There is still a faint hope that she may be cured.
她的病还有一点点希望可以治瘉。
◇
They don't have the faintest chance of winning.
他们毫无获胜的可能。
faint
也可作动词,指“晕倒,昏厥”,相当于
pass out
。
-
praise
作名词指“表扬,赞美”,
faint praise
可理解为“无力的赞扬”。
praise
也可作动词,惯用搭配是
praise sb / sth for sth
因…表扬…,比如
◇They praised him for his cooking.
他们夸他烹饪技术高超。
-
短语
damn (sb / sth) with faint praise
是一个习语,意思是“对…敷衍几句好话”
(show that you thinksomeone or something is not good by only praising them a little)
,往往是名褒实贬。
然而,这项任命如此令人惊讶的原因之一是
Gilbert
是一位相对不出名的音乐家。甚至对
Gilbert
在《泰晤士报》任职表示支持的
Tommasini
都这样评价他:“他是一位谦逊的音乐家,他身上没有那种令人生畏的大指挥家的架子”。这个管弦乐团迄今为止一直由古
Gustav Mahler
和
Pierre Boulez
等音乐家领导,而像这样描述下一任指挥,可能会让某些《泰晤士报》的读者感到这是一种无力的赞扬。