首先,神枪镇楼
背景
最近老板爱上了吃鸡(手游:全军出击),经常拉着我们开黑,只能放弃午休的时间,陪老板在沙漠里奔波。 上周在在微信游戏频道看战绩的时候突发奇想,是不是可以通过这个方式抓取到很多战斗数据,然后分析看看有什么规律。
秀一波战绩,开黑情况下我们团队吃鸡率非常高,近100场吃鸡次数51次
题外话!如果还有在入门阶段的小萌新们的话,就私信我!我送大量的PDF书籍!精心整理的,希望大家能早日入门!01 02这样子私信即可!
简单评估了一下,觉得可行,咱就开始。
Step 1 分析数据接口
第一步当然是把这些战绩数据采集下来,首先我们需要了解页面背后的故事。去看看页面是如何获取战斗数据的。
使用Charles抓包
抓包实现
在Mac下推荐使用工具Charles来从协议层抓取手机上的流量,原理就是在Mac上开启一个代*理*服务器,然后将手机的网络代*理设置为Mac,这样手机上的所有流量都会经过我们的代*理*服务器了。 大致流程如下:
https加密流量的处理
在实际操作的时候发现微信所有的流量都走了HTTPS,导致我们的抓到的都是加密数据,对我们没有任何参考意义。 经过研究,可以通过在手机和电脑都安装Charles根证书的方式来实现对Https流量的分析,具体操作可以参考:
安装证书后,我们的流量大致是这样子的
经过上述的配置,我们已经可以读取到https的请求和响应数据了,如下图所示。
数据接口
接下来就根据这些数据来找出我们需要的接口了,经过分析,主要涉及三个接口
-
获取用户信息接口
-
获取用户战绩列表接口
-
获取用户指定战绩详细信息接口
下面我们一个一个看
1. 获取用户信息接口
API/cgi-bin/gamewap/getpubgmdatacenterindex方法GET参数openid、pass_ticketcookiekey pass_ticket、uin、pgv_pvid、sd_cookie_crttime、sd_userid
{ "user_info": { "openid": "oODfo0pjBQkcNuR4XLTQ321xFVws", "head_img_url":"http://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/Q3auHgzwzM5hSWxxxxxUQPwW9ibxxxx9DlxLTsKWk97oWpDI0rg/96", "nick_name": "望", "role_name": "xxxx", "zone_area_id": 0, "plat_id": 1 }, "battle_info": { "total_1": 75, "total_10": 336, "total_game": 745, "total_kill": 1669 }, "battle_list": [{ "map_id": 1, "room_id": "6575389198189071197", "team_id": 57, "dt_event_time": 1530953799, "rank_in_ds": 3, "times_kill": 1, "label": "前五", "team_type": 1, "award_gold": 677, "mode": 0 }], "appitem": { "AppID": "wx13051697527efc45", "IconURL":"https://mmocgame.qpic.cn/wechatgame/mEMdfrX5RU0dZFfNEdCsMJpfsof1HE0TP3cfZiboX0ZPxqh5aZnHjxPFXUGgsXmibe/0", "Name": "绝地求生 全军出击", "BriefName": "绝地求生 全军出击", "Desc": "官方正版绝地求生手游", "Brief": "枪战 | 808.2M", "WebURL": "https://game.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/h5/static/detail_v2/index.html?wechat_pkgid=detail_v2&appid=wx13051697527efc45&show_bubble=0", "DownloadInfo": { "DownloadURL": "https://itunes.apple.com/cn/app/id1304987143", "DownloadFlag": 5 }, "Status": 0, "AppInfoFlag": 45, "Label": [], "AppStorePopUpDialogConfig": { "Duration": 1500, "Interval": 172800, "ServerTimestamp": 1531066098 }, "HasEnabledChatGroup":
false
, "AppType": 0, "game_tag_list": ["绝地求生", "正版还原", "好友开黑", "百人对战", "超大地图"], "recommend_reason": "正版绝地求生,荒野射击", "size_desc": "808.2M" }, "is_guest":
true
, "is_blocked":
false
, "errcode": 0, "errmsg": "ok"}
openid是用户的惟一标识。
2. 获取用户战绩列表接口
{"errcode": 0,"errmsg": "ok","next_after_time": 1528120556,"battle_list": [{ "map_id": 1, "room_id": "6575389198111172597", "team_id": 57, "dt_event_time": 1530953799, "rank_in_ds": 3, "times_kill": 1, "label": "前五", "team_type": 1, "award_gold": 677, "mode": 0}, { "map_id": 1, "room_id": "6575336498940384115", "team_id": 11, "dt_event_time": 1530941404, "rank_in_ds": 5, "times_kill": 2, "label": "前五", "team_type": 1, "award_gold": 632, "mode": 0}],"has_next":
true
}
3. 获取用户战绩详情接口
API/cgi-bin/gamewap/getpubgmbattledetail方法GET参数openid、pass_ticket、room_idcookiekey pass_ticket、uin、pgv_pvid、sd_cookie_crttime、sd_userid
{"errcode": 0,"errmsg": "ok","base_info": { "nick_name": "柚茶", "head_img_url": "http://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/xxxx/96", "dt_event_time": 1528648165, "team_type": 4, "rank": 1, "player_count": 100, "role_sex": 1, "label": "大吉大利", "openid": "oODfo0s1w5lWjmxxxxxgQkcCljXQ"},"battle_info": { "award_gold": 622, "times_kill": 6, "times_head_shot": 0, "damage": 537, "times_assist": 3, "survival_duration": 1629, "times_save": 0, "times_reborn": 0, "vehicle_kill": 1, "forward_distance": 10140, "driving_distance": 5934, "dead_poison_circle_no": 6, "top_kill_distance": 223, "top_kill_distance_weapon_use": 2924130819, "be_kill_user": { "nick_name": "小旭", "head_img_url":"http://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/ibLButGMnqJNFsUtStNEV8tzlH1QpwPiaF9kxxxxx66G3ibjic6Ng2Rcg/96", "weapon_use": 20101000001, "openid": "oODfo0qrPLExxxxc0QKjFPnPxyI" }, "label": "大吉大利"},"team_info": { "user_list": [{ "nick_name": "ooo", "times_kill": 6, "assist_count": 3, "survival_duration": 1638, "award_gold": 632, "head_img_url":"http://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/Q3auHgzwzM4k4RXdyxavNxxxxUjcX6Tl47MNNV1dZDliazRKRg", "openid": "oODfo0xxxxf1bRAXE-q-lEezK0k" }, { "nick_name": "我吃炒肉", "times_kill": 2, "assist_count": 2, "survival_duration": 1502, "award_gold": 583, "head_img_url":"http://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/sTJptKvBQLKd5SAAjOF0VrwiapUxxxxFffxoDUcrVjYbDf9pNENQ", "openid": "oODfo0gIyDxxxxZpUrSrpapZSDT0" }]},"is_guest":
true
,"is_blocked":
false
}
至于cookie中的息pass_ticket等信息肯定是用于权限认证的,在上述的几次请求中这些信息都没有变化,所以我们不需要深研其是怎么算出来的,只需要抓包提取到默认信息后填到代码里面就可以用了。
Step 2 爬取数据
接口已经确定下来了,接下来就是去抓取足够量的数据了。
使用requests请求接口获取数据
url = 'https://game.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gamewap/getpubgmdatacenterindex?openid=%s&plat_id=0&uin=&key=&pass_ticket=%s' % (openid, settings.pass_ticket) r = requests.get(url=url, cookies=settings.def_cookies, headers=settings.def_headers, timeout=(5.0,5.0)) tmp = r.json() wfile = os.path.join(settings.Res_UserInfo_Dir, '%s.txt' % (rediskeys.user(openid)))
with
codecs.open(wfile, 'w', 'utf-8')
as
wf: wf.write(simplejson.dumps(tmp, indent=2, sort_keys=
True
, ensure_ascii=
False
))
参照这种方式我们可以很快把另外两个接口写好。
使用redis来标记已经爬取过的信息
在上述接口中我们可能从用户A的入口进去找到用户B的openid,然后从用户B的入口进去又找到用户A的openid,为了避免重复采集,所以我们需要记录下哪些信息是我们采集过的。 核心代码片断:
# rediskeys.user_battle_list 根据openid获取存在redis中的key值
def
user_battle_list(openid):
return
'ubl_%s' % (openid)# 在提取battle list之前,首先判断这用用户的数据是否已经提取过了
if
settings.DataRedis.get(rediskeys.user_battle_list(openid)):
return
True
# 在提取battle list之后,需要在redis中记录用户信息settings.DataRedis.set(rediskeys.user_battle_list(openid), 1)
使用celery来管理队列
celery是一个非常好用的分布式队列管理工具,我这次只打算在我自己的电脑上运行,所以并没有用到分布式的功能。 我们创建三个task和三个queue
task_queues = ( Queue('queue_get_battle_info', exchange=Exchange('priority', type='direct'), routing_key='gbi'), Queue('queue_get_battle_list', exchange=Exchange('priority', type='direct'), routing_key='gbl'), Queue('queue_get_user_info', exchange=Exchange('priority', type='direct'), routing_key='gui'),) task_routes = ([ ('get_battle_info', {'queue': 'queue_get_battle_info'}), ('get_battle_list', {'queue': 'queue_get_battle_list'}), ('get_user_info', {'queue': 'queue_get_user_info'}),],)
然后在task中控制API请求和Redis数据实现完整的任务逻辑,如:
@app.task(name='get_battle_list')
def
get_battle_list(openid, plat_id=
None
, after_time=0, update_time=
None
): # 判断是否已经取过用户战绩列表信息
if
settings.DataRedis.get(rediskeys.user_battle_list(openid)):
return
True
if
not
plat_id:
try
: # 提取用户信息 us = handles.get_user_info_handles(openid) plat_id=us['plat_id']
except
Exception
as
e: print 'can not get user plat_id', openid, traceback.format_exc()
return
False
# 提取战绩列表 battle_list = handles.get_battle_list_handle(openid, plat_id, after_time=0, update_time=
None
) # 为每一场战斗创建异步获取详情任务
for
room_id
in
battle_list:
if
not
settings.DataRedis.get(rediskeys.user_battle(openid, room_id)): get_battle_info.delay(openid, plat_id, room_id)
return
True
开始抓取
因为我们是发散是爬虫,所以需要给代码一个用户的入口,所以需要手动创建一个用户的采集任务
from
tasks.all
import
get_battle_list my_openid = 'oODfo0oIErZI2xxx9xPlVyQbRPgY'my_platid = '0' get_battle_list.delay(my_openid, my_platid, after_time=0, update_time=
None
)
有入口之后我们就用celery来启动worker去开始爬虫
# 启动获取用户详情workercelery -A tasks.all worker -c 5 --queue=queue_get_user_info --loglevel=info -n get_user_info@%h # 启动获取战绩列表workercelery -A tasks.all worker -c 5 --queue=queue_get_battle_list --loglevel=info -n get_battle_list@%h # 启动获取战绩详情workercelery -A tasks.all worker -c 30 --queue=queue_get_battle_info --loglevel=info -n get_battle_info@%h
这样我们的爬虫就可以愉快的跑起来了。再通过celery-flower来查看执行情况。
celery flower -A tasks.all --broker=redis://:$REDIS_PASS@$REDIS_HOST:$REDIS_PORT/10
通过flower,我们可以看到运行的效率还是非常不错的。
在执行过程中会发现get_battle_list跑太快,导致get_battle_info即使开了30个并发都还会积压很多,所以需要适时的去停一下这些worker。 在我们抓到20万条信息之后就可以停下来了。
Step 3 数据分析
分析方案
20万场战斗的数据已经抓取好了,全部分成json文件存在我本地磁盘上,接下来就做一些简单的分析。 python在数据分析领域也非常强大,有很多非常优秀的库,如pandas和NumPy,可惜我都没有学过,而且对于一个高考数学只考了70几分的人来说,数据分析实在是难,所以就自己写了一个非常简单的程序来做一些浅度分析。 需要进行深度分析,又不想自己爬虫的大牛可以联系我打包这些数据。
# coding=utf-8
import
os
import
json
import
datetime
import
math
from
conf
import
settings
class
UserTeamTypeData:
def
__init__(
self
, team_type, player_count):
self
.team_type = team_type
self
.player_count = player_count
self
.label = {}
self
.dead_poison_circle_no = {}
self
.count = 0
self
.damage = 0
self
.survival_duration = 0 # 生存时间
self
.driving_distance = 0
self
.forward_distance = 0
self
.times_assist = 0 # 助攻
self
.times_head_shot = 0
self
.times_kill = 0
self
.times_reborn = 0 # 被救次数
self
.times_save = 0 # 救人次数
self
.top_kill_distance = []
self
.top_kill_distance_weapon_use = {}
self
.vehicle_kill = 0 # 车辆杀死
self
.award_gold = 0
self
.times_reborn_by_role_sex = {0: 0, 1: 0} # 0 男 1 女
self
.times_save_by_role_sex = {0: 0, 1: 0} # 0 男 1 女
def
update_dead_poison_circle_no(
self
, dead_poison_circle_no):
if
dead_poison_circle_no
in
self
.dead_poison_circle_no:
self
.dead_poison_circle_no[dead_poison_circle_no] += 1
else
:
self
.dead_poison_circle_no[dead_poison_circle_no] = 1
def
update_times_reborn_and_save_by_role_sex(
self
, role, times_reborn, times_save):
if
role
not
in
self
.times_reborn_by_role_sex:
return
self
.times_reborn_by_role_sex[role] += times_reborn
self
.times_save_by_role_sex[role] += times_save
def
update_top_kill_distance_weapon_use(
self
, weaponid):
if
weaponid
not
in
self
.top_kill_distance_weapon_use:
self
.top_kill_distance_weapon_use[weaponid] = 1
else
:
self
.top_kill_distance_weapon_use[weaponid] += 1
class
UserBattleData:
def
__init__(
self
, openid):
self
.openid = openid
self
.team_type_res = {}
self
.label = {}
self
.hour_counter = {}
self
.weekday_counter = {}
self
.usetime = 0
self
.day_record = set()
self
.battle_counter = 0
def
get_avg_use_time_per_day(
self
): # print "get_avg_use_time_per_day:", self.openid, self.usetime, len(self.day_record), self.usetime / len(self.day_record)
return
self
.usetime / len(
self
.day_record)
def
update_label(
self
, lable):
if
lable
in
self
.label:
self
.label[lable] += 1
else
:
self
.label[lable] = 1
def
get_team_type_data(
self
, team_type, player_count): player_count = int(math.ceil(float(player_count) / 10)) team_type_key = '%d_%d' % (team_type, player_count)
if
team_type_key
not
in
self
.team_type_res: userteamtypedata = UserTeamTypeData(team_type, player_count)
self
.team_type_res[team_type_key] = userteamtypedata
else
: userteamtypedata =
self
.team_type_res[team_type_key]
return
userteamtypedata
def
update_user_time_property(
self
, dt_event_time): dt_event_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(dt_event_time) hour = dt_event_time.hour
if
hour
in
self
.hour_counter:
self
.hour_counter[hour] += 1
else
:
self
.hour_counter[hour] = 1 weekday = dt_event_time.weekday()
if
weekday
in
self
.weekday_counter:
self
.weekday_counter[weekday] += 1
else
:
self
.weekday_counter[weekday] = 1
self
.day_record.add(dt_event_time.date())
def
update_battle_info_by_room(
self
, roomid): # print ' load ', self.openid, roomid file = os.path.join(settings.Res_UserBattleInfo_Dir,
self
.openid, '%s.txt' % roomid)
with
open(file, 'r')
as
rf: battledata = json.load(rf)
self
.battle_counter += 1 base_info = battledata['base_info']
self
.update_user_time_property(base_info['dt_event_time']) battle_info = battledata['battle_info'] userteamtypedata =
self
.get_team_type_data(base_info['team_type'], base_info['player_count']) userteamtypedata.count += 1 userteamtypedata.award_gold += battle_info['award_gold'] userteamtypedata.damage += battle_info['damage'] userteamtypedata.update_dead_poison_circle_no(battle_info['dead_poison_circle_no']) userteamtypedata.driving_distance += battle_info['driving_distance'] userteamtypedata.forward_distance += battle_info['forward_distance']
self
.update_label(battle_info['label']) userteamtypedata.survival_duration += battle_info['survival_duration']
self
.usetime += battle_info['survival_duration']/60 userteamtypedata.times_assist += battle_info['times_assist'] userteamtypedata.times_head_shot += battle_info['times_head_shot'] userteamtypedata.times_kill += battle_info['times_kill'] userteamtypedata.times_reborn += battle_info['times_reborn'] userteamtypedata.times_save += battle_info['times_save'] userteamtypedata.damage += battle_info['damage'] userteamtypedata.top_kill_distance.append(battle_info['top_kill_distance']) userteamtypedata.update_times_reborn_and_save_by_role_sex(base_info['role_sex'],battle_info['times_reborn'], battle_info['times_save'])
def
get_user_battleinfo_rooms(
self
): user_dir = os.path.join(settings.Res_UserBattleInfo_Dir,
self
.openid) r = [room
for
room
in
os.listdir(user_dir)] r = [rr.replace('.txt', '')
for
rr
in
r]
return
r
class
AllUserCounter:
def
__init__(
self
):
self
.hour_counter = {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0, 5: 0, 6: 0, 7: 0, 8: 0, 9: 0, 10: 0, 11: 0, 12: 0, 13: 0, 14:0, 15: 0, 16: 0, 17: 0, 18: 0, 19: 0, 20: 0, 21: 0, 22: 0, 23: 0}
self
.weekday_counter = {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0, 5: 0, 6: 0}
self
.times_reborn_by_role_sex = {0: 0, 1: 0} # 0 男 1 女
self
.times_save_by_role_sex = {0: 0, 1: 0} # 0 男 1 女
self
.user_count = 0
self
.battle_count = 0
self
.every_user_use_time_per_day = []
self
.top_kill_distance = 0
def
avg_use_time(
self
):
return
sum(
self
.every_user_use_time_per_day) / len(
self
.every_user_use_time_per_day)
def
add_user_data(
self
, userbattledata):
self
.every_user_use_time_per_day.append(userbattledata.get_avg_use_time_per_day())
self
.battle_count += userbattledata.battle_counter
self
.user_count += 1
for
k
in
userbattledata.hour_counter:
if
k
in