专栏名称: 瑞达利欧RayDalio
瑞·达利欧是世界顶级投资家,企业家,桥水基金创始人,畅销书《原则》作者。《原则》分享了帮助其有效达到目标的生活和工作原则,蝉联畅销榜首位。
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每周回答

瑞达利欧RayDalio  · 公众号  ·  · 2019-07-30 07:30

正文

我每天都会在社交媒体上收到很多不错的问题,并选出一些进行回复。有读者告诉我,他们也想看看这些问题和回复,所以我决定把它们整理起来,用全新的“每周回答”形式与大家分享, 让更多读者受益。欢迎大家继续和我讨论这些问题以及有关《原则》等话题。



提问

请问你们在桥水是怎么样做决策的?极度透明的决策方式能否用于投资组合决策?我知道极度透明是一条原则,但是我在努力地去了解个人成长决策和业务决策之间的不同之处。我想这两种决策是可以并存的吧?

回答

在桥水,第一,涉及知识产权的事宜(以及其它如个人隐私和公开后可能损害我们的事务)不会透明公开;第二,极度透明在帮助公司变得更好的同时,也增强了个人成长。了解事实(包括一个人的缺点)有利于个人的成长。几乎没什么人在理性上认为不真实、不透明更有利于个人和公司的发展,而持反对观点的人主要认为那样会令人感到不自在,但这个理由并不充分,因为想要成功,就要做最正确的事,而不是自在的事。养成习惯后,你会发现极度求真和公开透明会变得自在,而不这样做(或周围有不真实、不透明的人),反而会让你感到很不自在。


At Bridgewater, 1) intellectual property (and some other things such as some personal matters of people and info that would harm us if made publicly available) won’t be made transparent, and 2) self-improvement is enhanced by radical transparency at the same time the company gets better. Knowing what’s true (including one’s weaknesses) is powerful for personal development. There are very few people who intellectually think that being less truthful and less transparent is usually better for the individual or the company than being more truthful and transparent. The main argument against it is that it’s uncomfortable, which isn’t a good argument because doing what’s best and not what’s comfortable is what it takes to be successful and, with habit, being radically truthful and transparent will become comfortable and not being that way (and being around people who are not very truthful and transparent) will become very uncomfortable.


提问

请问您会如何对待那些自以为总是对的、傲慢而固执的高层人士?

回答

开诚布公。桥水的创意择优是不分等级的, 因此员工可以容易地了解到“高层人士”或下属是否傲慢固执。


Openly. Since our idea-meritocracy is non-hierarchical, people can readily explore whether a “higher authority” is arrogant and stubborn, as they do whether a subordinate is arrogant and stubborn.


提问

您的原则很有道理,但您是怎么样激励您的团队做到极度透明的?

回答

他们喜欢极度公开透明,因为如果不这么做,他们会觉得不自在。而且他们明白,如果想要求他人如此,自己必须先做到,否则,所有人都将处于黑暗之中。


They want it (because they learn that it’s uncomfortable not to have transparency) and they learn that in order for people to get it from each other they have to give it to each other. Without that, they and others will be in the dark.


提问

我确信这种心态源自于谦逊。您认为是否可能把这种心态教予他人?

回答

当一个人经历了足够多痛苦的错误,从而学会对自己是否正确保持疑问,同时如果一个人不是那么愚钝到反复犯同样的错误,这种谦逊就会自然地形成。


If one encounters enough painful mistakes so that one learns to be uncertain about being right, and if one isn’t so thick that one is stuck making the same mistakes repeatedly, gaining that humility will naturally happen to you.


提问

关于整理自己的原则,请问您有什么提议吗?怎样才能在自己的经验中提炼原则?

回答

在做决策的过程中(无论是之前还是之后),写下做这种类型的决策时你会用到的标准。这种方法会让你使用原则性方式来思考。因为当你开始思考事物的类型时,你会看到它们的规律并提炼自己的原则。你可以把这些原则分享给其他人,和他们交流意见,讨论一下这些原则是否真的有效。这样,你们可以更好地了解彼此,同时做出更好的决策。你会开始从更高的层次来看待事物,并设想你和你周围的人、事物如何以最有效的方式进行互动。


When you are making decisions (either just ahead or just after), write down the criteria you are using to make that TYPE of decision. That will get you thinking in a principled way because when you start thinking of TYPES of things coming at you, you will see the patterns of them and you will refine your principles. You can also share them with others and exchange thoughts about whether they really work well, which will help you understand each other as well as make decisions better. You will also start to see things from the higher level and engineer how you and those people and those things around you interact in the most effective ways.


提问

当你意识到自己无意中违反或偏离了自己的原则时,你会如何处理?

回答







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