2023
年
3
月英语四级听力真题
短文
(3)
Passage 3
短文
3
Can
the
date you were born affec
t
how successful your lif
e i
s?
出生日期会影响人生的成功与否吗
?
According to recen
t
research don
e
in
A
ustralia,
the
answer is yes.
根据澳大利亚最近的研究，答案是肯定的。
The researchers foun
d
tha
t
the time whe
n a
person start
s s
chool, ha
s
an
e
nduring impac
t o
n their lives.
研究人员发现，一个人开始上学的时间对他们的生活有持久的影响。
Those who are relatively old compare
d
to their classmates have certai
n a
dvantage
s o
ver them.
那些相对年长的同学比其他人有一定的优势。
Previous research has found older students achieve better results.
此前的研究发现，年龄较大的学生成绩更好。
They are also more likely t
o a
tten
d
university and become professional athletes, chie
f e
xecutives, an
d
even importan
t
politicians.
他们也更有可能上大学，成为职业运动员、首席执行官，甚至是重要的政治家。
Bu
t
the
Australian researchers wante
d
to discover wha
t
was driving these differences.
但澳大利亚研究人员想要知道是什么导致了这些差异。
They suspected older, more mature students obtained more self-confidence than their peers, because they achieve
d
better grades.
他们怀疑，年龄更大、更成熟的学生比同龄人更有自信，因为他们取得了更好的成绩。
To tes
t
thi
s o
ut, they conducte
d
two studies.
为了验证这一点，他们进行了两项研究。
One was with high school students an
d
the
other with more tha
n a
thousan
d
Australia
n a
dults, age
d
between 24 an
d
60 years old.
一组是高中生，另一组是
1000
多名年龄在
24
岁至
60
岁之间的澳大利亚成年人。
In
the
firs
t
study, more than 600 high school students were surveyed abou
t
their tendency to take risks an
d
feel confident.
在第一项研究中，研究人员调查了
600
多名高中生，了解他们在冒险和自信方面的倾向。
In
the
secon
d
study, those born on both side
s
o
f
the
cutoff date for starting school were aske
d
to
complete online math questions and rate their performance.
在第二项研究中，出生于入学截止日期两侧的学生被要求在线完成数学问题，并对自己的表现进行评分。
They were also asked about the risks they took while riding bicycles an
d
managing their finances.
他们还被问及在骑自行车和管理财务时所承担的风险。
The researchers found tha
t
older students displaye
d
greater risk taking tendencies, while risk taking can be considered
a n
egative attribute.
研究人员发现，年龄较大的学生会表现出更大的冒险倾向，而冒险可以被认为是一种负面属性。
It's als
o a
characteristic
of
successful people, including athletes, political leaders and entrepreneurs.
这也是包括运动员、政治领袖和企业家等成功人士的特点。
2023
年
6
月英语四级听力真题
(
第
1
套
)
新闻报道
(2)
News Report 2
新闻报道
2
To prepare
for
eventually sending astronauts
to
Mars, NASA began taking applications Friday for four people
to
live
fo
r
a
year in Mars Dune Alpha.
为筹备将宇航员最终送上火星，美国宇航局周五开始接受四人在
“
火星沙丘阿尔法
”
居住一年的申请。
That's a 1,700-square-foot Martian habitat insi
de
a
building in Houston.
这是一个位于休斯顿的一栋建筑内的占地
1700
平方英尺的火星人栖息地。
The pai
d
volunteers
will
wor
k
in
e
nvironmen
t
similar
to
Mars.
这些有偿志愿者将在与火星相似的环境中工作。
They
will
have limite
d
communications
with
family, restricte
d
food
an
d
resources.
他们与家人的交流将受到限制，食物和资源也将受到限制。
NASA is planning three experiments
with the
firs
t
one starting in
the
fall nex
t
year.
美国宇航局计划进行三次实验，第一次实验将于明年秋天开始。
Food will all be ready-to-eat space food.
食物都是即食的太空食品。
Some plants
will
be grown, bu
t
no
t
potatoes li
ke
i
n
the
movie "The Martian".
他们会种植一些植物，但不是像电影《火星救援》中那样的土豆。
"We wan
t
t
o
understand how humans perform in them," said lead scientis
t
Grace Douglas. "We're lookin
g
a
t
Mars realistic situations."
首席科学家格蕾丝
·
道格拉斯说
:“
我们想了解人类在这些环境下的表现。我们正在研究火星上的现实情况。
”
The
application process opene
d
Friday a
n
d
th
ey're no
t
seeking jus
t
anybody.
申请程序于周五开始，他们并不是随便找一个人。
The
requirement
s
a
re
strict, including a master's degree
i
n a
science, engineering or math field or pilot experience.
选拔要求很严格，包括拥有科学、工程或数学专业硕士学位的人，或有飞行员经验的人。
Only American citizens or permanent U.S. residents ar
e a
cceptable.
只有美国公民或美国永久居民可以申请。
Applicants mus
t
be between 30
an
d
55 and in good physical health.
申请人年龄必须在
30
至
55
岁之间，身体健康。
"Attitude is key," sai
d
former Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield.
