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51好读  ›  专栏  ›  考研英语时事阅读

经济学人丨Beto O’Rourke提出民主党恢复势力的办法丨2017.08.24丨总第1016期

考研英语时事阅读  · 公众号  · 考研  · 2017-10-17 06:01

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导读

莱克星顿是美国马萨诸塞州一小镇,因为美国独立战争在莱克星顿打响而著名。据2000年统计,人口有30355人,面积为42.8平方公里。莱克星顿于1642年建城。

Lexington

莱克星顿

A Democrat in a deep red state

一个深红州的民主党人

Beto O’Rourke suggests how the Democrats might recover

Beto O’Rourke提出民主党恢复势力的办法

Aug 24th 2017


MCLENNAN County in Texas witnessed two unusual events on August 21st. The first was a solar eclipse, the second a Democrat running for the Senate—though the county, in sunbaked central Texas, went for Donald Trump by 27 points over Hillary Clinton. Texas may be increasingly diverse (it is 40% Hispanic) but has not elected a Democratic senator in 30 years.

8月21日,德克萨斯州的麦克伦南郡发生了两件大事。第一个是日蚀,第二个是一位民主党人要在德州竞选参议院议员,特朗普曾在该州以超过希拉里·克林顿27张的选票胜出。德州的人种或许是越来越庞杂(其中40%是西班牙裔),但该地已经30年没有选出过一位民主党参议员了。


The Democrat was Representative Beto O’Rourke—a rangy, earnest former punk-rock musician, software entrepreneur and congressman for the border town of El Paso. He delivered his message to a crowd at the Texas Ranger Hall of Fame and Museum in Waco. Lots of Democrats see an opportunity in Mr Trump. With each day such partisans are sure that this president will disgust more decent Americans and disappoint the bigots and chumps who still admire him. Angry resistance to such a brute, they feel, must bring victory. Mr O’Rourke, a floppy-haired 44-year-old who reminds fans of Robert Kennedy, sees a different opportunity. His campaign amounts to a bet that when voters chose an outsider-strongman as president, they showed a desire to take risks to end Washington gridlock—and are not too fussed about ideological questions like the size of government.

这位民主党人是Beto O’Rourke,他四肢瘦长,曾经还是个狂热的朋克摇滚音乐家、软件公司创始人以及边城艾尔帕索的议员。他在瓦克的德克萨斯名人堂博物馆做演讲时,发布了自己要竞选的消息。很多民主党人在特朗普身上看到了希望。这些党羽很确定这位总统每天的举动,只会让更多正派的美国民众感到恶心、让偏执狂们失望,同时也让那些还支持他的人沦为笑柄。他们觉得对待这样一位“没脑子”的总统,(和他)对着干可不行。这位头发松软,时常让人想起罗伯特肯尼迪的44岁男人,看到了另一种生机。(期待您的翻译,明天会有针对这句话的长难句解析哟~)

  • Bigot: n. 偏执者

  • Gridlock: n. 僵局


A conventional Democrat running for the Senate in Texas would lambast the Republican up for re-election in 2018: Ted Cruz, a divisive, God-and-guns, government-bashing conservative and former presidential challenger. Instead, Mr O’Rourke barely mentions Mr Cruz. He merely contrasts his own record of holding monthly town-hall meetings in El Paso (meeting voters instils a “healthy fear” when casting votes in DC, he says) with Mr Cruz’s relative inaccessibility.

对于要在2018年参加改选的共和党人Ted Cruz来说,一位保守的民主党人参与竞选德州参议院议员,是个打脸的事。Ted Cruz是个制造分裂的、信仰上帝,支持持有枪支、并攻击政府的保守党,他曾经参与竞选总统。但是,O’Rourke却很少提及他。他很少将自己在艾尔帕索召开的惊人的市政厅会议(他说,开这些会议是为了让选民们在投票时有“适当的敬畏感”)数量和Ted Cruz相对逊色的数据对比。

  • Lambast: v. 狠揍,严厉申诉

Both loved and loathed, Mr Cruz enjoys near universal name recognition in Texas and has access to colossal funding. Mr O’Rourke, in his third term representing a border city in a far corner of the state, has forsworn money from political action committees, secretive outfits which can accept unlimited donations. His hope lies in individual donations from around the country. He often mentions the viral online success of a two-day road trip he made in March with a Republican congressman from Texas, Will Hurd, after a snowstorm grounded flights to Washington. The genial pair (Mr Hurd is an ex-CIA agent unafraid to criticise Mr Trump) drew national attention with their livestreamed journey, as they munched bad food and debated politics.

Cruz先生既有人爱也有人恨,他的名号在德州几乎人尽皆知,他还拥有庞大的资金链。然而O’Rourke先生在他代表德州边远角一个地区的第三任期期间,就已经放弃了政治活动委员会和接收无限捐款的秘密组织的钱。他经常提及自己三月在去华盛顿的行程中,与共和党议员Will Hurd一起打赢网络病毒战的经历。就在他们实况转播他们的遭遇的时候,这位亲切的共和党人(他曾经是CIA探员,所以敢于公开批评特朗普)得到了全国的注意。

  • Colossal: adj. 巨大的,庞大的

  • Genial: adj. 亲切的,友好的

  • Forswear: v. 放弃,发誓戒除

  • Munch: v. 大声咀嚼


An O’Rourke campaign stop features many stories of Republican- and Democratic-voting Texans he has met on a long tour of the state in a pickup truck (Waco was Day 24). He frequently concludes that “the only way to get meaningful things done” is to work across party lines. Though he disagrees with Mr Trump over such issues as immigration, the environment and criminal-justice reform, when he sees common ground—for instance, their shared scepticism about open-ended foreign wars—he says so. He stresses apprenticeships, job-training and health policies that both parties can support.

在一场竞选途中,O’Rourke在一辆皮卡车上听到了和以往不同的关于投共和党或者投民主党的德州人的故事。他反复强调党间交流是“能真正做好有意义的事的唯一方法”。虽然在移民问题、环境问题和刑事司法改革问题上,O’Rourke不同意特朗普的观点,但是他说他们在某些问题上是有共同点的,比如不限成员名额的对外战争。他强调在学徒工作、职业培训和医保问题上,两个政党都能够提供帮助。


El Paso is home to a large army base and 54,000 ex-servicemen, and the Democrat has made veterans’ affairs a focus of his work. In Waco, and the next day in Killeen, near a giant army base at Fort Hood, Mr O’Rourke described a bill he is co-sponsoring with a Republican from Colorado, Mike Coffman, allowing troubled veterans with a less-than-honourable discharge access to mental health services at veterans’ hospitals. Mr Coffman pointed out a mistake in the bill he had drafted, Mr O’Rourke related. Because their bill is bipartisan it passed the House veterans’ affairs committee unanimously, giving it better odds of becoming law. “Let’s have a round of applause for bipartisanship,” he cried.

艾尔帕索是军事基地,也是5万4千名退役军人的家,民主党一直将退役老兵的问题作为各项工作的重心。O’Rourke先在瓦克,随后在胡德堡基地附近的吉利恩,讲述了自己和来自科罗拉多的共和党员Mike Coffman合作的新法案,该法案旨在让受伤病困扰但是未能光荣退休的老兵,能在老兵医院接受心理健康服务。Coffman指出了自己在草拟法案时犯的一个错误,O’Rourke随后也进行了更正。因为该项法案是涉及两党的,因此在白宫老兵事务委员会上得到了一致通过,那么也就意味着它很可能成为一部法律。O’Rourke说:“让我们感谢两党合作吧”



In veterans’ affairs, Mr O’Rourke has stumbled on an interesting speciality. Americans reveal much about their real beliefs whenever they demand (as almost all do) more generous, federally funded health care and benefits for ex-servicemen, one of the few groups to bask in nearly unanimous public approval. If conservatives truly believed that “I’m from the government, and I’m here to help” are the most terrifying words in the English language, to quote the old Reagan joke, they would not want to inflict the cruelty of federal help on the ex-soldiers they revere. In truth, lots of Republicans like safety-nets for the deserving (as Mr Trump understands, when he says he will not cut Social Security and Medicare for the old). What many Americans hate is redistribution to folk they see as feckless.

在老兵问题上,O’Rourke被一个特殊问题难住了。美国民众在老兵医保和保险金问题上,空前一致地同意最好能够加大这些福利的力度。如果保守党们真的相信“我是政府的人,我到这里来提供帮助的”这句话是最可怕的句子的话,那么套用里根的一句话:“他们最好不要去真正了解联邦政府是怎么残忍地对待他们尊敬的老兵的”。实际上,很多共和党愿意为这些值得的人提供安全网的。(按照特朗普的说法,他不会削减老人的社会安全和医药保障)。美国民众痛恨的是对那些在他们看来品行不正的人重新分配。

  • Bask: v. 晒太阳,取暖


With his anecdotes about suicide prevention for veterans, or about Republican-voting Christians in rural cafés who worry about public-school funding, Mr O’Rourke is—in effect—exploring ways for Democrats to be the party that helps reasonable Republicans make government effective.

通过O’Rourke在预防老兵自杀、缓解共和党中基督教徒对公立学校资金的担忧方面所做的努力可以看出,他正在积极为民主党寻找一种方法,这将能有效地帮助那些明智的共和党处理政府事务


Weaning a big state off petty partisanship

缓解一个大州的政党偏见


This is not a bet on centrism. Mr O’Rourke is a pro-immigrant progressive who supports legal abortions, for instance. Instead, he talks of finding common ground with abortion opponents by working on reducing unwanted pregnancies. His is a hunch that the divides between political tribes can be bridged if voters’ aspirations are being met. That will be hard. The first question he faced in Waco was about impeaching Mr Trump, drawing cheers from the overwhelmingly Democratic crowd. A campaign stop at an American Legion post in Killeen drew Jerry Stewart, a retired meat-cutter, Vietnam veteran and Republican. Mr Stewart felt no kinship with bushy-bearded old soldiers there who asked about legalising medical marijuana (as Mr O’Rourke advocates). “To me it turned into a drug discussion,” growled Mr Stewart. “I’m strongly against marijuana, I saw in Vietnam how it messed guys up.”

这不是一个下在中间派身上的赌注。O’Rourke是一位支持移民和合法堕胎的开明人士。他还积极寻找缓和在堕胎问题上的矛盾的方法,比如,共同努力以减少意外怀孕。他有预感,只要选民的愿望能够达成,两党之间的壁垒就能够消除。但是要实现愿望不是一件简单的事。他在瓦克首先要解决的就是民众们日益高涨的弹劾特朗普的呼声,这些呼声还得到了很多民主党的支持。在吉利恩的美国退伍军人协会上的一场竞选吸引了前越南战争退伍兵、共和党人Jerry Stewart的注意。Stewart感觉自己和那些在竞选中询问医用大麻的老兵不一样。他咆哮道:“这对我来说就是毒品问题,我可是非常反对大麻的,我在越南看到了大麻是如何让人为不振的。”

  • Hunch: n. 预感,知觉

Mr O’Rourke is likely to lose next year. Still, his experiment deserves to be taken seriously. His campaign aims to make politics more like public service than war. If he makes any headway, national leaders should take note.

O’Rourke明年似乎不能取胜。但是他的经历的确值得注意。他的竞选目标是为了让政府政策更加能够服务大众,而不是挑起战争。如果他真的取得了什么进展,那么领导人们的确是要重视起来。

注意:

  1. 音频和英文原文来自《经济学人》

  2. 原文请订阅《经济学人》官方正版

  3. 注:以上所有图片均来源于网络

审核 丨sta.

翻译 丨 小西瓜,子遇

图文编辑 丨Ternence

责任编辑 丨 杨艺



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