长三角城市群生态人居环境与居民幸福水平耦合协调关系

Promoting the coordinated development of ecological human settlements and the happiness levels of residents will help to promote people-centered high-quality development. This study was based on the 2011–2021 data of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, and constructed an evaluation index system of ecological human settlements and the happiness levels of residents. The entropy value method, coupling coordination degree model, Dagum Gini coefficient and Geodetector model were used to explore the coupling coordination relationship and influencing factors of these two systems. The findings indicate that ecological human settlements and the happiness levels of residents in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration have shown an upward trend over time. By 2021, the overall level of the region had significantly improved. The coupling coordination level between these two systems has gradually increased, showing a spatial distribution pattern of high in the east and low in the west. The Dagum Gini coefficient shows a fluctuating downward trend in the overall and intra-regional differences, with the largest inter-regional difference between Shanghai and Anhui, and the inter-regional difference is the main source of the spatial differences. Economic development level (Eco) was the main factor influencing the coupling coordination of the two systems from 2011 to 2021. The results of this study provide references for constructing ecological human settlements and enhancing the happiness levels of residents.

推进生态人居环境与居民幸福水平协调发展，有助于推动以人民为中心的高质量发展。本研究基于长三角城市群2011–2021 年数据，构建生态人居环境与居民幸福水平评价指标体系，运用熵值法、耦合协调度模型、Dagum 基尼系数和地理探测器模型探讨了二者的耦合协调关系及影响因素。研究发现：长三角城市群生态人居环境与居民幸福水平随时间推移呈现上升趋势，到 2021 年，区域整体水平显著提升。两系统耦合协调水平逐渐增强，呈现东高西低的空间分布格局。Dagum 基尼系数显示总体及区域内差异呈波动下降趋势，上海–安徽区域间差异最大，区域间差异是空间差异的主要来源。经济发展水平（Eco）是影响两系统耦合协调的主要因素。研究可为生态人居环境建设、提升居民幸福水平提供借鉴。