Are blue light glasses good for your eyes?
防蓝光眼镜真的对眼睛有益吗？
Blue light glasses gained popularity over
the past few years with the idea they protect our eyes against screen usage —
but a new analysis shows they might not be as beneficial to our eye health as
previously hoped.
防蓝光眼镜在过去几年里越来越受欢迎，因为其号称可以保护眼睛不受电子屏幕伤害，但一项新分析表明，防蓝光眼镜可能并不像我们期待的那样对眼睛健康有益。
Researchers reviewed data from 17
randomized controlled trials and published the results Friday in the Cochrane
Database of Systematic Reviews journal. The findings? Glasses marketed to
filter out blue light probably make no difference to eye strain or sleep
quality.
研究人员评估了17项随机对照试验的数据，并于12月8日在《Cochrane 系统评价数据库》杂志上发表了研究结果。研究发现，市场上出售的防蓝光眼镜可能对视疲劳或睡眠质量没有影响。
"We found there may be no short-term
advantages with using blue-light filtering spectacle lenses to reduce visual
fatigue associated with computer use, compared to non-blue-light filtering
lenses," said Laura Downie, senior author of the review and associate
professor at the University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, in a news
release.
该研究的主要作者、澳大利亚墨尔本大学副教授劳拉·唐尼在一份新闻稿中表示：“我们发现，与普通镜片相比，使用防蓝光镜片来减少与使用电脑有关的视觉疲劳可能没有短期优势。”
"It is also currently unclear whether
these lenses affect vision quality or sleep-related outcomes, and no
conclusions could be drawn about any potential effects on retinal health in the
longer term," she added. "People should be aware of these findings
when deciding whether to purchase these spectacles."
她补充道：“目前还不清楚这些镜片是否会影响视觉质量或睡眠，也无法就其对视网膜健康的长期潜在影响得出结论。人们在决定是否购买防蓝光眼镜时应该了解这些发现。”
The studies they reviewed ranged in size
and length, with a span of as few as five to as many as 156 participants
assessed over different periods, from less than one day to five weeks. The
authors said more research with longer follow-ups in more diverse populations
are needed to better assess any potential effects.
研究人员评估的研究在规模和时间长度上各不相同，少则5人，多则156人，评估时间从不到一天到5周不等。作者说，需要在更多样化的人群中进行更长时间的跟踪研究，以更好地评估任何潜在的影响。
"(More studies) should examine whether
efficacy and safety outcomes vary between different groups of people and using
different types of lenses," author Dr. Sumeer Singh, a postdoctoral
research fellow in the Downie Laboratory, advised for future research.
研究作者、唐尼实验室博士后研究员苏梅尔·辛格博士对未来的研究提出了建议：“（更多的研究）应该考察不同人群和使用不同类型镜片的效果和安全性结果是否存在差异。”
Blue light, like that emanating from
computer screens and smartphones, does stimulate the eyes, something that can
cause sleeping problems. During the pandemic, doctors reported seeing an uptick
of vision issues related to computer use including eye strain, which can lead
to headaches, frontal headaches, pain around the eyes and pain behind the eyes,
as well as dry eyes and related problems.
蓝光（如电脑屏幕和智能手机发出的蓝光）确实会刺激眼睛，从而导致睡眠问题。据医生报告，在疫情期间，与使用电脑有关的视力问题有所增加，包括眼睛疲劳，这可能导致头痛、前额痛、眼周痛和眼球后部痛，以及眼睛干涩和相关问题。
Sellers of blue light blocking glasses or
filters promised a solution — but this isn't the first time experts have shown
skepticism about their effectiveness. Earlier this year, optometrist Dr. Robert
Johnson told CBS News Pittsburgh that, while he is concerned about the impact
of screens on our vision, blue light blockers aren't the answer.
蓝光阻隔或滤镜眼镜的销售商承诺提供一种解决方案——但这并不是专家们第一次对其有效性表示怀疑。今年早些时候，验光师罗伯特·约翰逊博士告诉哥伦比亚广播公司匹兹堡新闻，虽然屏幕对视力的影响令他担忧，但防蓝光眼镜不是解决问题的办法。
"I would have patients coming in
saying they just ordered blue-blocking glasses from the internet for their
daughter and what was my opinion," he said. "This blue-blocking
situation has been bogus basically from the get-go. ... It's one of the
absurdities that come from advertising."
他说：“有病人来找我，说他们刚从网上为女儿订购了防蓝光眼镜，我有什么看法？防蓝光就是一种欺骗……这是广告的虚假宣传。”
But while blue light blockers may not do
anything, they won't hurt you. In fact, he said, "it causes absolutely no
damage." Instead of shelling out money for special shades, however,
experts advise taking screen breaks.
但是，尽管防蓝光眼镜可能没有任何作用，但它们不会伤害你。事实上，约翰逊说，“它绝对不会造成任何损害。” 不过，专家建议，与其花钱购买特殊眼镜，不如让眼睛休息一下。
Dr. Christopher Starr, an ophthalmologist
at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York, previously told "CBS This
Morning" that those glasses aren't needed as much as small breaks away
from staring at the screen.
纽约威尔康奈尔医学院的眼科医生克里斯托弗·斯塔尔博士此前接受“CBS This
Morning”节目采访时表示，没必要戴防蓝光眼镜，只要在看屏幕期间休息一下就可以了。
He recommends small breaks away from
screens every 20 minutes. During that break, look into the distance at an
object at least 20 feet away or farther, for 20 seconds or more. Also shut your
eyes for 20 seconds during the break. Johnson also goes by the "20-20-20
rule."
他建议每看屏幕20分钟就休息一次。在休息期间，注视至少20英尺（约合6米）外或更远处的物体，持续20秒或更长时间，还要闭上眼睛20秒。约翰逊也同意“20-20-20守则”。
"For every 20 minutes, look away in
excess of 20 feet for 20 seconds," he said. "That will relax your
focusing mechanism that will give your eyes a break and that will make you more
comfortable."
他说：“每隔20分钟，将目光移向至少20英尺远的地方，持续20秒。这样做会放松眼睛的聚焦机制，让眼睛休息一下，让你更舒服。”
苏格拉底有一句名言：
我知我无知
。说的是，当你认识到的东西越多就越发现自己无知。苏格拉底认为，人对于客观世界的认识是有限的，且不可能完全认识客观世界，并且不应对客观世界刨根究底。神对于世界的规划自有安排，若人一意孤行地探索世界和自然的奥秘，则最终将亵渎甚至触怒神明。正因为人对神所构建的世界不可能实现完全认知，因此那些宣称自己能够认识和改造世界的人，本身便是无知的代言。尽管苏格拉底的关于“ 我知我无知”的观念的解读，在现在看来有失客观科学。但至少苏格拉底告诫人们，人的认知是有限的，现有的知识甚至可能存在错误和疏漏。因此，无论任何时代，我们都必须对自己的无知加以认识并通过不懈的开拓，去更新甚至颠覆固有的知识结构。我们在求学之路上也要报以我知我不知的心态，才能走得更远、终有所成。最后，祝愿每一位考研学子都能顺利上岸！
