近日，特朗普发推文表示，跨性别者不得以任何形式在美军服役。这一表态与奥巴马一年前落实的政策相左。奥巴马于
2016年发布的政策
要求五角大楼终结跨性别者在美军公开身份服役的长期禁令。特朗普的推文发出后，引发各界批评。众议院民主党领袖南希谴责此举是对正在服役的跨性别者的羞辱。
特朗普禁止跨性别者在美军服役
译者：李苏苑&徐嘉茵
校对：赵萌萌
策划：邹世昌
Donald Trump says US military will not allow transgender people to serve
特朗普禁止跨性别者在美军服役
本文选自 The Guardian | 取经号原创翻译
关注 取经号，
回复关键词“外刊”
获取《经济学人》等原版外刊获得方法
Donald Trump said on Wednesday he would not allow transgender individuals to serve in the US military in any capacity, reversing a policy put in place by Barack Obama a year ago.
上周三，特朗普表示，跨性别者不得以任何形式在美国军队服役。这一表态与奥巴马一年前落实的政策相左。
The US president tweeted: “After consultation with my generals and military experts, please be advised that the United States government will not accept or allow … transgender individuals to serve in any capacity in the US military.”
美国总统发推称：“在与将军和军事专家磋商后，我们决定美国政府将不会接受或允许跨性别者以任何方式在美军服役。”
He added: “Our military must be focused on decisive and overwhelming … victory and cannot be burdened with the tremendous medical costs and disruption that transgender in the military would entail.”
他补充道：“我们的军队必须将精力集中于取得决定性和压倒性的胜利，故而无法承担军中跨性别者产生的巨额医疗费用和带来的干扰。”
Later, Sarah Huckabee Sanders, the White House press secretary, was not able to say if the thousands of currently serving transgender people would be thrown out of the military. She said: “That’s something that the department of defense and the White House will have to work on together, as implementation takes place and is done so lawfully.”
随后，白宫新任女发言人桑德斯（Sarah Huckabee Sanders）不能说明数千名现役跨性别者是否会被赶出军队。她说：“ 这是国防部与白宫必须合力完成的事情，已经开始执行，而且行为完全合法。”
Trump’s decision marks a sharp reversal of a policy initiated under Obama in 2016, in which the Pentagon ended a longtime ban on trans people serving openly in the military.
特朗普的决定使得2016年奥巴马政府启动的政策出现了急剧逆转，该政策要求五角大楼终结跨性别者在美军公开身份服役的长期禁令。
Huckabee Sanders denied that Trump was breaking his campaign promise to protect the
LGBTQ
community. “The president has a lot of support for all Americans and certainly wants to protect all Americans at all times,” she said. “The president’s expressed concern since this Obama policy came into effect, but he’s also voiced that this is a very expensive and disruptive policy and, based on consultation that he’s had with his national security team, came to the conclusion that it erodes military readiness and unit cohesion, and made the decision based on that.”
桑德斯否认特朗普违背了竞选时许下的保护
LGBTQ（性少数）
群体的承诺。“总统大力支持每一个美国人，也的确像在任何情况下保护每一个美国人，”她说，“总统自奥巴马该政策生效以来就对该政策表示过担忧，他还表示该政策不仅昂贵，还会带来诸多不便。而且，总统在与国家安全小组磋商后得出结论，这一政策会破坏军队战备以及部队和谐，并在此基础上做了决定。”
LGBTQ
：LGBT是英文女同性恋者（Lesbians）、男同性恋者（Gays）、双性恋者（Bisexuals）与跨性别者（Transgender）的首字母缩略字。1990年代，由于“同性恋社群”一词无法完整体现相关群体，“LGBT”一词便应运而生、并逐渐普及。在现代用语中，“LGBT”一词十分重视性倾向与性别认同文化多样性，除了狭义的指同性恋、双性恋或跨性别族群，也可广泛代表所有非异性恋者。另外，也有人在词语后方加上字母“Q”，代表酷儿（Queer）和/或对其性别认同感到疑惑的人（Questioning），即是“LGBTQ”。
Unusually, the new press secretary threatened to end the briefing if questions on the topic continued. “If those are the only questions we have, I’m gonna call it a day, but if we have questions on other topics, I’ll be happy to take them.”
不寻常的是，这位新任白宫发言人威胁称，如果就这一话题继续提问，就取消白宫新闻发布会。“如果这就是问我们的唯一问题，那新闻发布会就到此为止，但如果有关于其他话题的疑问，我很乐于解答。”
The next question was about cabinet morale, but then a reporter returned to the issue of transgender people in the military. The briefing ended two minutes later.
下一个问题关于总统内阁士气，但之后一位记者又把话题转到了军队跨性别者的问题，那场发布会两分钟后就结束了。
The Pentagon appeared to be caught off guard by Trump’s announcement, and deferred to the White House when reached for comment.
五角大楼在特朗普公开表态之后有些措手不及，被要求作出评论时表示会遵从白宫的意思。
“We will continue to work closely with the White House to address the new guidance provided by the commander-in-chief on trans individuals serving the military,” a spokesperson for the defense department said. “We will provide revised guidance to the department in the near future.”
“我们会同白宫密切合作，解决总司令（特朗普）就跨性别者服役问题提出的新指令，”国防部的一位发言人如是说，“我们会尽快向国防部门提供修订指令。”
Under Obama, then defense secretary Ashton Carter announced on 30 June 2016 that any trans person already in the armed forces could serve openly “effective immediately”.
2016年6月30日，奥巴马政府时期，时任国防部长卡特（Ashton Carter）宣布，所有现役跨性别者可进行服役，且该政策立即生效。
Backlash to Trump’s decision was swift, and transcended party lines.
针对特朗普决定的反对浪潮很快就席卷而来，而且两党中均有出现。
Carter told the Guardian: “What matters in choosing those who serve is that they are best qualified.
卡特告诉《卫报》：“ 选择服役人员时，重要的是他们是合格的。
“To choose service members on other grounds than military qualifications is social policy and has no place in our military. There are already transgender individuals who are serving capably and honorably. This action would also send the wrong signal to a younger generation thinking about military service.”
选择服役人员时考虑的不是军事资格，而是其他理由，这属于社会政策，在我们军队中是没有立足之地的。我们已经有了现役跨性别军人，他们都有能力，也在光荣地服役。特朗普的措施还会误导想要服役的年轻一代。”
Arizona senator John McCain, who chairs the Senate armed services committee, said: “The president’s tweet this morning is yet another example of why major policy announcements should not be made via Twitter.”
参议院军事委员会主席、亚利桑那州参议员麦凯恩（John McCain）表示：“ 总统今晨发推文行为（引发风波）是说明为什么重大政策不应通过推特来宣布的又一范例。”
He added: “Any American who meets current medical and readiness standards should be allowed to continue serving. There is no reason to force service members who are able to fight, train, and deploy to leave the military – regardless of their gender identity.”
