专栏名称: 广东疾控

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Reentering Your Flooded Home 重返被洪水淹没的家园

广东疾控 · 公众号 · 养生 · 2017-05-08 21:36

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FLOODED

洪水

When returning to a home that’s been flooded after natural disasters such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and floods, be aware that your house may be contaminated with mold or sewage, which can cause health risks for your family.

当重新回到因台风、龙卷风和洪水等自然灾害导致被淹的家中，要注意，你的房子可能会被霉菌或者下水道污物污染，这些可能对你家人的健康造成风险。

When You First Reenter Your Home

当你第一次重新进入家中

If you have standing water in your home and can turn off the main power from a dry location, then go ahead and turn off the power, even if it delays cleaning. If you must enter standing water to access the main power switch, then call an electrician to turn it off. NEVER turn power on or off yourself or use an electric tool or appliance while standing in water.

如果房子里还有积水，且可以在干燥的位置关掉主电源，那就马上关闭电源，即使它会延迟清洁工作。如果你需要进入积水中才可接触到主电源开关，那就请专业电工来把它关掉。绝对不要在积水中自行打开或关闭电源，或者使用电动工具或装置。

Have an electrician check the house’s electrical system before turning the power on again.

在重新打开电源之前，要请专业电工检查房屋的电力系统。

If the house has been closed up for several days, enter briefly to open doors and windows to let the house air out for awhile (at least 30 minutes) before you stay for any length of time.

如果房屋被关闭了数日，应先临时进入，把门窗打开进行通风（至少30分钟）后，才能在里面进行长时间逗留。

If your home has been flooded and has been closed up for several days, presume your home has been contaminated with mold.

如果房屋被淹并被关闭了数日，应假定家里已经被霉菌污染。

If your home has been flooded, it also may be contaminated with sewage.

如果房屋被淹，也可能被下水道污物污染。

When You First Reenter Your Home

当你第一次重新进入家中

If flood or storm water has entered your home, dry it out as soon as possible. Follow these steps:

如果洪水或暴雨已经进入了房屋，尽快让房子干透。可采取以下步骤：

If you have electricity and an electrician has determined that it’s safe to turn it on, use a “wet-dry” shop vacuum (or the vacuum function of a carpet steam cleaner), an electric-powered water transfer pump, or sump pump to remove standing water. If you are operating equipment in wet areas, be sure to wear rubber boots.

如果有电，且电工确定可打开电源，使用“干-湿”真空吸尘器（或者有地毯蒸汽清洁功能的吸尘器），电动输水泵或排水泵清除积水。如果是在潮湿的地方操作设备，一定要穿上橡胶靴。

If you do not have electricity, or it is not safe to turn it on, you can use a portable generator to power equipment to remove standing water. Note: If you must use a gasoline-powered pump, generator, pressure washer, or any other gasoline-powered tools to clean your home, never operate the gasoline engine inside a home, basement, garage, carport, porch, or other enclosed or partially enclosed structures, even if the windows and doors are open. Such improper use can create dangerously high levels of carbon monoxide and cause carbon monoxide poisoning.

如果没有电力，或用电不安全，你可以使用便携式发电机来为清积水的设备提供电力。注意：如果必须使用汽油泵、发电机、高压清洗机或者任何汽油发动的机器来清扫房屋，即使在门窗打开的情况下，也绝不在家里、地下室、车库、走廊或者其他封闭或半封闭的场所使用汽油发动的机器。这种不恰当的使用可以使一氧化碳浓度升高，导致一氧化碳中毒。

If weather permits, open windows and doors of the house to aid in the drying-out process.

如果天气允许，把门窗打开帮助房屋更快变干。

Use fans and dehumidifiers to remove excess moisture. Fans should be placed at a window or door to blow the air outwards rather than inwards, so not to spread the mold.

使用风扇和除湿机去除潮湿。风扇应该放在窗户或者门边，向外吹而非向内吹，避免传播霉菌。

Have your home heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system checked and cleaned by a maintenance or service professional who is experienced in mold clean-up before you turn it on. If the HVAC system was flooded with water, turning on the mold-contaminated HVAC will spread mold throughout the house. Professional cleaning will kill the mold and prevent later mold growth. When the service determines that your system is clean and if it is safe to do so, you can turn it on and use it to help remove excess moisture from your home.

使用前，要由有清除霉菌经验的专业维护人士先检查和清洁家中的供暖、通风、空调系统。如果供暖、通风、空调系统被水淹了，打开被霉菌污染的系统会把霉菌散播到整间屋子。专业的清洁可以杀死霉菌并避免以后霉菌的孳生。当专业人士确定你的空调系统已经干净了，可以启动并用于清除屋内多余的水分。

Prevent water outdoors from reentering your home. For example, rain water from gutters or the roof should drain away from the house; the ground around the house should slope away from the house to keep basements and crawl spaces dry.

避免室外的积水重新进入屋内。例如，应排走水槽或屋顶的雨水；房屋周边的地面应该向屋外倾斜，以保障地下室和供电线或水管等通过的槽隙干燥。

Ensure that crawl spaces in basements have proper drainage to limit water seepage. Ventilate to allow the area to dry out.

确保地下室的供电线或水管等有适当的排水系统，避免渗水，并使此处通风以保持干燥。

（来源：美国疾控中心）

（感谢世界卫生组织新发传染病监测研究与培训合作中心陈伟师博士提供专业指导）

统筹：lily

翻译：雷未明

美编：雷未明

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