文章来源：中国驻英国大使馆网站
China is Firmly Committed to Peaceful Development and
Win-Win Cooperation
尊敬的布莱克维主席，
Chairman Joanna Tudor-Blakeway,
女士们，先生们：
Ladies and Gentlemen:
大家晚上好！
Good evening!
很高兴到访牛津剑桥俱乐部。我出任中国驻英大使以来，牛津和剑桥是我访问次数最多的两个大学。但做客牛剑俱乐部，还是第一次。俱乐部的会员告诉我，我是第一位到此演讲的中国大使。
It is a real delight to join you at the Oxford and Cambridge Club.
Oxford and Cambridge are the two universities that I have visited most frequently since becoming the Chinese Ambassador to the UK. But this is my first visit to the Oxford and Cambridge Club.
因此，今天的访问很有意义。正因为如此，我把2019年的第一场演讲选在你们的俱乐部，这个牛津剑桥两大名校精英荟萃的地方。
It is very special and significant. So I have decided to make my very first speech of 2019 at your club, the home of outstanding alumni from both these two world-renowned universities.
对中国而言，2019年是一个大年，我们将迎来新中国成立70周年。70年来，中国发生了翻天覆地的变化，从一个积贫积弱的“东亚病夫”发展成为世界第二大经济体，堪称人类发展史上的奇迹。
2019 is an important year for China. It marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. The past 70 years have seen China going through profound changes and growing from "the sick man of East Asia" ridden with poverty and weakness to the second largest economy in the world. This has been a miracle in the history of human development.
对英国民众而言，中国从“远在天边”变得“近在眼前”，英国媒体每天都有关于中国的报道，中国的发展与英国越来越息息相关。
For people here in Britain, China is no longer a "far away land". China is right here before your eyes. It is in your newspapers every day. And more and more people feel closely connected with what is going on in China.
那么，中国的发展对英国到底意味着什么？是机遇、挑战还是威胁？要回答这个问题，就要认识中国是个什么样的国家？搞清楚中国从何处来，又向何处去？
So what does China's development mean to the UK? Is it an opportunity, a challenge or a threat? To answer this question, one must first try to understand China, and to know where it has come from and where it is going in the future.
回顾70年来的发展历程，中国的成功之处就是找到了一条适合本国国情的道路，即中国特色社会主义道路。这是认识中国的关键。这条中国特色社会主义道路有四个鲜明特点，可以用四个“P”来概括：
The key to understanding China is to understand that China's success of the past 70 years is attributed to its development path that suits China's national conditions. This path is known as socialism with Chinese characteristics. It has four salient features, which can be summarised as four P's.
第一个是“PARTY”，即中国共产党是中国的“主心骨”。
The first P stands for "Party". The Communist Party of China is the backbone of the nation.
对于中国这样一个近14亿人口的大国来说，发展道路没有先例可循，也没有金科玉律的教科书，只能在实践中不断探索。
For a big country with nearly 1.4 billion people, there is no precedence or text book to follow on its way to development. The only way forward is through trial and error.
中国近代曾历经深重苦难，人民流离失所，国家山河破碎。不少志士仁人发起一系列救亡图存的斗争，各种努力都尝试过，无论是太平天国、义和团，还是洋务运动、戊戌变法、辛亥革命都最终失败了。
Since modern times, China has made numerous trials and errors. From the peasant uprisings known as the Taiping Rebellion and Boxer Rebellion to the Westernisation Movement, from the Hundred Day's Reform to the Revolution of 1911, generations of Chinese sought unsuccessfully to free the country from devastation and dismemberment, and to save the people from destitution and displacement.
只有在中国共产党领导下，中国才实现从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃。可以说，中国共产党是历史的选择、人民的选择。
It is under the leadership of the Communist Party of China that the nations has achieved independence and grown prosperous and strong. The Communist Party of China is the choice of history and the choice of the Chinese people.
上世纪90年代初苏联解体时，西方一些人认为“中国共产党挺不了多久”、提出“历史的终结”，这些看法最终证明都是错误的，根本原因在于对中国共产党缺乏正确认识。
When the Soviet Union disintegrated in early 1990s, some people in the West reckoned that "the days for the Communist Party of China are numbered" and forecast the "End of History". Their predictions have been proven wrong and the reason lies in their lack of understanding about the Communist Party of China.
中国共产党虽然也曾走过一些弯路，但勇于坚持真理、直面问题、修正错误，不断开拓创新、与时俱进，始终保持与人民的血肉联系，带领人民克服一个又一个困难，不断从胜利走向胜利。
Indeed, the Party had stumbles, falls and even wrong turns along the way, but it has the courage to admit its mistakes, make corrections and continue to seek truth. It has kept renewing itself in order to stay abreast with the times. And it has maintained close links with the Chinese people. These qualities have enabled the Communist Party of China to lead the Chinese people in overcoming the difficulties and achieving one success after another.
第二个是“PROGRESS”，即把经济建设作为中心。
The second P stands for "progress". Economic progress is the central task.
在70年的探索过程中，中国不断认识并发展社会主义。
For China, the past 70 years have been an ongoing exploration of and experiment with socialism, in which we have sought ever-deeper understanding of it and added new dimensions to it.
1978年，中国认真总结国内外改革发展经验，“以经济建设为中心”取代“以阶级斗争为纲”，开启了中国改革开放的伟大进程。
In 1978, China embarked on the great journey of reform and opening up after a thorough review of both domestic experience and overseas practice in reform and development. The focus of the nation was shifted from "class struggle" to "economic development".
通过40多年改革开放，中国不断解放和发展社会生产力，国内生产总值年均增长约9.5%，总量达12万亿美元，远高于同期世界经济2.9%的年均增速；占世界经济比重从40年前的2%，增至今天的15.2%。
In the past 40 years, China has kept emancipating and developing the productive forces, and achieved tremendous progress:
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China's GDP has reached 12 trillion US dollars;
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It has been growing at an average annual rate of 9.5%, which is much higher than the 2.9% concurrent rate of the world economy;
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Its contribution to global GDP has increased from 2% forty years ago to 15.2% today.
中国已成为世界第二大经济体、制造业第一大国、货物贸易第一大国、商品消费第二大国、外资流入第二大国，外汇储备连续多年位居世界第一。
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China is now the world's second largest economy,
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largest manufacturer,
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biggest trader in goods,
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second biggest consumer of goods,
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No. 2 destination for foreign investment,
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and No. 1 in foreign exchange reserve for many years in a row.
第三个是“PEOPLE”，即把让人民过上“好日子”作为奋斗目标。
Now let me come to the third P, which stands for "people".
习近平主席指出，“人民对美好生活的向往就是我们的奋斗目标。”中国始终坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，在发展中保障和改善民生。这不仅是我们一切工作的出发点和落脚点，也是中国发展的根本目的。
President Xi Jinping has given the best explanation of this point. He said, "The aspirations of the people to live a better life must always be the focus of our efforts." The people and their wellbeing have always been the ultimate goal of all our efforts to achieve development.
70年来，中国从一个难以解决温饱问题的低收入国家跃升为一个生活宽裕的中等收入国家，7.4亿人摆脱贫困，3亿多人进入中等收入群体；建成了包括养老、医疗、低保、住房在内的世界最大的社会保障体系；居民预期寿命由1981年的67.8岁提高到2017年的76.7岁。
In the past 70 years, China had grown from a low-income country that could barely provide food and clothing to its people to a middle-income country enjoying moderate prosperity.
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740 million people are lifted out of poverty;
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The middle-income population totaled more than 300 million;
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The world's largest social security system is established, covering old-age pension, health care, basic allowances and welfare housing;
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And the average life expectancy had gone up from 67.8 in 1981 to 76.7 in 2017.
第四个是“PEACE”，即把和平发展作为基本国策。
The fourth P stands for "peace". Peaceful development is China's basic national policy.
中国始终坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，始终不渝走和平发展道路。中国的发展需要一个和平安宁的国际环境，同时中国又以自身发展促进世界和平。
China is committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and stayed on the path of peaceful development. China needs a peaceful and tranquil international environment for its development, and its development in turn helps maintain world peace.
近年来，中国参与了当今几乎所有国际和地区热点问题的解决进程，为世界和平与发展不断贡献中国智慧，提出中国方案。
In recent years, China has been a partner in the international response to almost all regional and international hotspot issues. China has contributed its wisdom and proposed its solutions.
新年伊始，中国已超过日本成为联合国常规预算第二大出资国，从7.9%上升至12%。中国还是联合国维和行动第二大出资国和安理会五常中派遣维和军事人员最多的国家，累计派出3.7万人次军警官兵参与维和行动。中国军舰连续10年在亚丁湾、索马里海域执行护航，先后保护了6000多艘船舶安全，其中也包括英国商船。
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At the beginning of 2019, China overtook Japan to become the second largest contributor to the United Nations regular budget, increasing its contribution from 7.9% to 12%.
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China is the second largest contributor to the UN peacekeeping budget and the largest contributor among the P5 of peacekeeping personnel. A total of 37,000 Chinese military and police officers have served or are still serving in various UN missions.
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In the Gulf of Aden and off the Coast of Somalia, the Chinese Navy has carried out escort missions for ten consecutive years, ensuring the safe passage of more than 6,000 ships, including British merchant ships.
女士们，先生们：
Ladies and Gentlemen:
尽管中国发展取得了不少成就，但我们清醒地知道中国还是一个发展中国家，是世界上最大的发展中国家，发展依然任重道远。
Despite our enormous achievements, we are clearly aware that China is still a developing country, and the largest one in the world. We still face daunting tasks in our development.
首先，发展不充分，人均水平低。
First, China's development is inadequate and at a low level in per-capita terms.
中国人均国内生产总值排在世界第60多位，只有美国的1/7，不到英国的1/4，人类发展指数全球位列90多位。
China's per capita GDP is only one seventh of that of the United States and one fourth of the UK, and ranks behind more than 60 other countries in the world. In human development index, China is just about managing to join the club of top 100.
中国还有3000万贫困人口、8000多万残疾人，需要照顾的老年人口超过2亿，每年需要解决就业人口就达1500万。
At home, there are still 30 million Chinese living in poverty, more than 80 million people with disabilities, over 200 million pensioners in need of care, and about 15 million new workforces in need of a job every year.
其次，发展不平衡，地区差距大。
Second, China's development is imbalanced, with huge disparities between different regions.
以东西部差距为例，东部沿海地区广东省GDP相当于世界排名第十四的西班牙，而西部地区国土面积占全国72%，人口占27%，经济总量仅占20%，对外贸易和投资只占7%。
Let me give you a comparison between the eastern and western regions: the GDP of Guangdong province in the coastal region is the same as the GDP of Spain, the 14th largest economy in the world; but the western region, which covers 72% of China's land area and is home to 27% of China's population, only contributes 20% of the national economy and accounts for 7% of the country's foreign trade and investment.
我曾在中国西部省份甘肃省担任省长助理，80多个县我跑过40多个，亲眼目睹了甘肃脱贫任务之艰巨。甘肃省扶贫目标仍是保证人民“一日有三餐，四季有衣穿”。
I once served as Assistant Governor of Gansu, one of the poor provinces in China's western region. I have been to more than 40 of the over 80 counties in that Province, and I know from personal experience the daunting task of poverty alleviation that Gansu faces. As we speak, Gansu is still working hard to "ensure adequate food and clothing for its people".
此外，发展仍面临不可持续的问题。
Third, sustainability remains a tough issue in China's development.
中国社会生产力总体水平仍不高，生产力结构还不够合理，高投入、高消耗的增长方式尚未得到根本改变，科技创新能力仍显不足。
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China's overall productivity remains low.
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The structure of productive forces needs rational adjustment.
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The shift away from capital-driven and resource-intensive growth model is yet to be completed.
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The capacity for scientific and technological innovation falls short.
中国制造业、贸易规模很大，但经济仍“大而不强”。在国际贸易中，中国出口的是廉价“体力劳动”，进口的是高昂“脑力劳动”，服务贸易仍存在巨额逆差。中国的文化建设、国防实力、科学技术、社会治理现代化水平都有待进一步提升。
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As a result, China's manufacturing and trade are large but not strong.
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Exports are more labour-intensive while imports are more value-added, and service trade is huge deficit.
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In other areas, such as culture, defence, science, technology and modern social governance, upgrading is badly needed.
我们对前进道路上的困难和挑战有清醒的认识，正如习近平主席指出，中国发展到了“愈进愈难、愈进愈险而又不进则退、非进不可的时候。”
These are some of the difficulties and challenges we face. As President Xi Jinping pointed out, going ahead, the difficulties and risks facing China's development will become more and more severe, but without progress we will fall behind, so we must press on.
在中国共产党领导下，我们有信心、有能力攻坚克难，开创更加美好的未来。
Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, we have the confidence and capability to overcome the difficulties and create a brighter future.
展望未来，中国将在世界扮演什么角色呢？概括起来就是四个“B”：
As China is going forward, what role is China going to play in the world? I would like to use four B's to answer this question.
第一个是“BOOSTER”，中国要做全球经济增长的“推进器”。
First, China will be a "booster" for world economic growth.
中国在发展中遇到的问题都是“成长中的烦恼”，只有通过进一步发展来解决。
The problems in China's development are "growing pains", which will be addressed as China continues to develop.
中共十九大为中国未来发展确定了“三个目标”，即到2020年全面建成小康社会，到2035年基本实现社会主义现代化，到本世纪中叶建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。
One year ago, at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, three goals were set for China's development in the years to come, namely:
