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如何在文章中提及过去的研究(时态探讨)

华乐丝Wallace  · 公众号  ·  · 2019-05-08 18:00

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华乐丝Wallace

学术英文润色(长按二维码关注)



请将以下例句修正为正确的时态:


1. A longitudinal study conducted in 12 Western European countries (viz., the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxemburg, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Denmark) [has determined / determined] that the use of social media by health-care organisations increased over time [4].

2. Nutraceuticals with antioxidant properties [have been / were] used as alternative treatments to slow and prevent the inherent complications of diabetes [12–14].

3. mGluR5 [has also been / was also] suggested as a therapeutic target for Parkinson’s disease [14–16]

4. Day and Briggs [4] [have discovered / discovered] that brochosomes were produced in vast quantities by specialized glandular segments of the Mapighian tubules of leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) and [have suggested / suggested] that the earlier records from other insect taxa had been due to contamination.

5. Tomato genetic resources in gene banks [have been / were] reviewed by Bai and Lindhout (2007) and Di Matteo et al. (2011)

6. Studies that employed regression analysis [have determined / determined] that the decision of Poles to emigrate to the United Kingdom was related to economic concerns, such as low wages, high unemployment rate, and slow economic growth in Poland (Drinkwater et al., 2006; Pollard et al., 2008).

7. Two Russian willow species, Salix viminalis and Salix dasyclados [have exhibited / exhibited] strong genetic control of freezing resistance at during autumn [3].

8. Experimental and clinical studies [have reported / reported] that mild hypothermia treatment (MHT) has a protective effect on the brain function and metabolism, which could reduce a series of adverse effects, prevent the occurrence of increased ICP, and minimize the consequent injury.3–5

9. Pontius et al. [have proposed / proposed] the three-map comparison methodology to reveal the accuracy of the land-change model versus a null model that predicts complete persistence.

10. Previous studies [have reported / reported] that participants born in England and Wales [18] tended to be more favourably disposed towards registering as organ donors than those born in Scotland [19] and Northern Ireland [20].


答案:


1. Determined

2. Have been

3. Has also been

4. Discovered

5. Have been

6. Have determined

7. Exhibited

8. Have reported

9. Proposed

10. Have reported

参考来源


Communication with the Public in the Health-Care System: A Descriptive Study of the Use of Social Media in Local Health Authorities and Public Hospitals in Italy by Vanzetta et al. was published in  Annali Dell’Istituto Superiore Di Sanita, which  is an open access journal, which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.


Avocado Oil Improves Mitochondrial Function and Decreases Oxidative Stress in Brain of Diabetic Rats by Ortiz-Avila et al. is licensed under CC BY 3.0 / modified for instructional purposes.


Both Neurons and Astrocytes Exhibited Tetrodotoxin-Resistant Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor-Dependent Spontaneous Slow Ca2+ Oscillations in Striatum by Tamura et al. is licensed under CC BY 4.0 / modified for instructional purposes.


Contamination as the Cause of Erroneous Records of Brochosomes by Rakitov is licensed under CC BY 3.0 / modified for instructional purposes.


Use of Natural Diversity and Biotechnology to Increase the Quality and Nutritional Content of Tomato and Grape by Gascuel et al. is licensed under CC BY 4.0 / modified for instructional purposes.


Economic Effects of Migration from Poland to the UK by Simionescu et al. is licensed under CC BY 4.0 / modified for instructional purposes.


De Novo Transcriptome and Small RNA Analysis of Two Chinese Willow Cultivars Reveals Stress Response Genes in Salix matsudana by Rao et al. is licensed under CC BY 4.0 / modified for instructional purposes.


Brain Tissue Partial Pressure of Oxygen Predicts the Outcome of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury under Mild Hypothermia Treatment by Sun et al. is licensed under CC BY-NC 3.0 / modified for instructional purposes.


Using a Cellular Automata-Markov Model to Reconstruct Spatial Land-Use Patterns in Zhenlai County, Northeast China by Yang et al. is licensed under CC BY 4.0 / modified for instructional purposes.


Pro-Donation Behaviours of Nursing Students from the Four Countries of the UK by McGlade et al. is licensed under CC BY 4.0 / modified for instructional purposes.



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