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Chemical Science (IF: 8.668)
1. On the incompatibility of lithium–O2 battery technology with CO2
Chem. Sci., 2017, 8, 6117-6122
DOI: 10.1039/C7SC01230F
Scientists report that CO2/peroxide-derived oxidants are responsible for the low cycling number and capacity of lithium-O2 batteries. The oxidants were responsible for carbonate formation, which caused organic electrolyte degradation. Prototypical lithium-air cells lose 5–7% of their capacity to parasitic CO2 formation per complete cycle and have a typical cycling number of approximately 50. The results indicate that CO2 must not be introduced in conditions relevant to typical lithium-O2 cell configurations.
麻省理工学院的研究者发现CO2/过氧化物衍生的氧化剂是造成锂氧电池低循环次数和低电容的主要原因。这种氧化剂会促使生成碳酸盐，进而引起有机电解质的降解。原型锂空气电池在每个完整循环会损失5-7%的电容，并伴随着CO2的产生，其典型的循环次数约为50。以上结果表明，与典型的锂-氧电池构造相近的设备中不可引入CO2。
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2. Intramolecular water-splitting reaction in single collisions of water ions with surfaces
Chem. Sci., 2017, 8, 2852-2858
DOI: 10.1039/C6SC05065D
Researchers report the direct formation of H2 and O pair ions through single collisions of water ions with metal surfaces at hyperthermal energies. The selectivity of the water splitting channel is estimated at being between 9 and 13 % versus complete dissociation. The collision kinematics support the hypothesis of a water molecule colliding with a single surface atom, forming an excited precursor state which dissociates to form the molecular hydrogen ion.
加州理工学院的研究者报道了水离子在超热能条件下单次碰撞金属表面能够直接形成H2和O成对离子，这种水裂解通道的选择性据估计大约是完全裂解的9-13%。碰撞运动学分析支持如下假说：一个水分子与单个表面原子碰撞，形成可解离为分子H2离子的激发态前体。
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