-
the company 回指上一句提到的Starbucks,既实现了句间衔接,又避免了重复。
-
thriving
[ˈθraɪvɪŋ]
为形容词,指「兴旺的,欣欣向荣的」。
D.C. may be a thriving modern metroplis.
-
thrive
为动词,指「兴旺,欣欣向荣」。
-
swell
作动词,本来是「肿,肿胀」的意思,也可喻指数量「增加,增多」。
文中
swelling
是
swell
的现在分词形式,修饰
middle class
,
a swelling middle class
指「不断壮大的中产阶级」。
-
顺便复习一下我们在
分享一个替换more and more的高分句式
讲过的表达:
the swelling ranks of +某类人
指「越来越多的...」。
As the ranks of 某类人 swell, ...
指「随着...越来越多,...」
-
turn to sth
字面义是「转向
…
」,常用来表示「改用,开始使用」新的东西
(to start to do or use something new, especially as a way of solving a problem)
。
比如:
Many people here are turning to solar power.
这儿的很多人都开始使用太阳能了。
-
signal
作名词,指「信号」,作动词,指「发出信号」,引申为「标志,预示」的意思
( to be a sign that something is going to happen)
。
我们在第5季关于伦敦生活那篇文章也遇到了这个词:
Brexit
signalled that
Britain was turning inwards and made its capital a less attractive place for businesses.
脱欧昭示着英国与全球化逆向而行,伦敦作为首都对商贸的吸引力也随之下降。
-
newfound
[ˌnuː ˈfaʊnd]
为形容词,指「新获得的,新发现的,新实现的」
(recently obtained, found, or achieved)
。
比如《纽约时报》一篇关于淄博烧烤的文章有这样一句话:
The local government has jumped at the opportunity to capitalize on the city’s
newfound
fame and nurse its tourism potential.
当地政府也不失时机地将新近获得的名气转化为财富,并开发当地的旅游潜能。
再举个美剧Never have I ever里的例子:
I really appreciate this
newfound
interest in my professional life.
-
wealth
为不可数名词,指「财富」。
its newfound wealth
便指「中产阶级新获得的财富」。
its
指
a swelling middle class’s
。
wealthy
便指「富裕的,有钱的」。
-
🎈语法点睛:这句话的结构稍微有一些复杂,给大家展开讲一讲。
我们从逗号把句子断开,前面是句子的主干,为主谓宾结构:
Dozens of competitors to Starbucks(主语) // spin out (谓语) // new flavors of tea and coffee every week(宾语), at lower prices (状语)
-
逗号后整体是一个
现在分词短语作结果状语
,核心是:
creating competition 造成了竞争?
什么样的竞争呢?
后面是
so
ferocious
that
Starbucks saw a 14 percent plunge in same-store sales in China in its most recent financial quarter 整体
是一个
形容词短语作后置定语
,修饰competition。
我们可以把它改写成大家熟悉的定语从句:
competition
[which is
so
ferocious
that
Starbucks saw a 14 percent plunge in same-store sales in China in its most recent financial quarter]
-
其中 so ... that... 指「如此...以至于」,是
大家熟悉的结果状语从句结构。
连起来,competition
so ferocious that Starbucks saw a 14 percent plunge in same-store sales in China in its most recent financial quarter
便指「
如此激烈以至于星巴克中国的同店销售额在最近的财季中下降了14%的// 竞争」。
-
我们把这句话再连起来读一遍:
Dozens of competitors to Starbucks spin out new flavors of tea and coffee every week, at lower prices, creating competition so ferocious that Starbucks saw a 14 percent plunge in same-store sales in China in its most recent financial quarter.
⚠️ 再复习一下我们在长难句班讲过的:
单个形容词
修饰名词时,一般放在名词
前面
。
而多个词构成的
形容词短语
修饰名词时,一般放在名词
后面
。
这个语法点很多同学不熟悉,但实际上非常高频,考研英语、雅思托福等考试都特别爱考,再来带大家看几个例子:
-
《经济学人》一篇关于双减政策的文章有这样一句话:
The answer is cramming classes: a financial burden
so great that it is often said to discourage couples from having children at all.
-
冒号后 a financial burden 为 cramming class的同位语,对其进行补充说明:这是一种经济负担。
-
接着作者用一个形容词短语so great 作后置定语,修饰a financial burden:
a financial burden (so great) 一个太大的经济负担。
以至于什么呢? 作者用that引出结果状语从句:
that it is often said to discourage couples from having children at all。
这里so great that it is often said to discourage couples from having children at all 同样整体是一个
形容词短语作后置定语
,修饰
a financial burden,
我们可以把它改写成定语从句:
a financial burden
which
is
so
great
that
it is often said t
o discourage couples from having children at all