【经济学人】孟加拉银行劫案的调查仍在继续|2017.03.23|总第852期

A YEAR after one of the most spectacular robberies of modern times, the authorities in Bangladesh are still trying to crack the case. Hackers into the country’s central bank sent instructions through SWIFT, a messaging network for cross-border payments, to transfer funds from the bank’s account with the New York Federal Reserve to private accounts in Sri Lanka and the Philippines. Much of the stolen $101m has yet to be retrieved; the masterminds are yet to be identified. But the probe reveals the strikingly sophisticated, and international, nature of the crime.

在当今世界最令人震惊的劫案发生一年过后，孟加拉当局政府仍然在努力侦破此案。黑客入侵国家中央银行，从而通过为跨国支付设计的通讯网络SWIFT发送指示，最终从纽约的美联储银行账户中转移资金到斯里兰卡和菲律宾的私人账户中。被盗的1.01亿美元中的大部分资金已经追回；这次事件的策划者还没有得到确定，但是调查还原了这起引人注目的、错综复杂的、引起国际关注的犯罪事件。

• Masterminds：n. 策划者，操纵者; 智多星，才子;vt. 策划，谋划;

After sifting 60 hard drives and thousands of pieces of paper, and interviewing dozens of people, investigators, talking anonymously in Dhaka, say they are confident about some details of the heist. (读者试译句)They believe foreign hackers acted with inside help. The attackers’ coding style has raised suspicions of involvement by North Korea. This week the New York Times reported that American federal prosecutors were examining this possibility.

（期待您的翻译，明天会有针对这句话的长难句解析哟~）他们认为外国黑客是在内部人员的帮助下作案的。黑客用来侵入系统的编码风格让朝鲜成为了怀疑对象。本周，纽约时报报道宣称，美国联邦检察官正在检查这种可能性。

• Sifting：筛选

Egregious violations of the bank’s security procedures have also been uncovered. On the day of the robbery, its security cameras were disabled. A number of security protocols need to be met before the SWIFT system authorises a payment: one step, a physical key or dongle, was left plugged in for weeks, rather than locked away. Five of the hackers’ 70 messages were accepted as genuine by the New York Fed. But for basic slip-ups (some payment instructions, for example, were incomplete) the thieves could have made off with $1bn.

银行安全程序的异常入侵也已经被揭露出来了。在案发当天，银行的监控摄像全部失效了。在SWIFT系统授权转账之前，需要满足许多安全协议：其中一步就是物理钥匙或者加密狗忘了插上长达数周，而不是被锁定。黑客发送的70条信息中的5条被纽约联邦政府认证，但是，由于有一些基本的错误（例如，转账指示不完整），不然这些盗贼就可以带着十亿美元逃之夭夭。

• Egregious：adj. 极坏的，异乎寻常的;

• Protocols：n. 礼仪; （外交条约的） 草案; （数据传递的） 协议; 科学实验报告（或计划）;vt. 把…写入议定书，在议定书中拟定（或颁布）;vi. 拟定议定书，拟定草案;

• slip-ups：错误，忽略

SWIFT has not commented on the investigation. Last year Gottfried Leibbrandt, its chief executive, took pains to stress that it was the bank’s security, and not SWIFT’s, that had been compromised. Investigators have been silent in public on the role of Bangladeshi nationals in the crime. Reluctance to expose failings at home may help explain why their findings have yet to be published. The official line is that they do not want to jeopardise ongoing inquiries.

SWIFT公司方面对这次调查一直没有发表任何言论。去年，该公司的执行总裁Gottfried Leibbrandt千方百计地强调，这是银行安全方面的原因，并非SWIFT的过错。调查人员在本案中作为孟加拉国人民，一直在公众面前保持沉默。不情愿在国家面前暴露自己的不足可能有助于解释为何他们的发现还没有公之于众。官方说法是，他们不愿破坏持续进行的调查。

• Jeopardise：vt. 危及，损害;

Bangladesh has recovered only $15m of the $81m wired to the Philippines. (Payments made to Sri Lanka were reversed before they could be withdrawn.) The main plotters have yet to be traced. Nor is there evidence that any money reached North Korea. But relations between Bangladesh and North Korea have soured: last August a North Korean diplomat was expelled from Dhaka on suspicion of smuggling.

孟加拉国仅仅追回了被转移到菲律宾的8100万美元中的1500万（被转移到斯里兰卡的赃款在能够追回之前就已经被转移）。本案的主谋仍然不知所踪，也没有证据表明赃款流入了朝鲜。但是，孟加拉国和朝鲜的关系一直不好：去年八月，朝鲜的外交官由于涉嫌走私被驱逐出了达卡。

• Diplomat：n. 外交官; 有外交手腕的人; 善于交际的人; 处事圆滑机敏的人;

Whether in connection with the heist or not, SWIFT has in effect cut off North Korea’s formal ties with the global financial system. This month SWIFT was obliged to exclude three North Korean banks that were under United Nations sanctions. On March 17th it suspended services for the four remaining banks on the system, saying they no longer complied with its membership criteria. Reasons for termination include participation in activities that are illegal, endanger security or adversely affect SWIFT’s reputation.

是否与本次劫案有关，SWIFT公司实际上早已经切断了朝鲜与国际金融系统的正式联系。本月，SWIFT必须逐出三家被联合国制裁的朝鲜银行。在3月17日，他们对4家还在系统内运营的银行中止了服务，并称这些银行不再享有成员条例。中止服务的原因包括，涉嫌参与非法活动、威胁安全以及严重银行SWIFT公司名誉。

A speedy resolution to the Bangladesh case seems unlikely. Even if it is never cracked, it is clear, as Mr Leibbrandt put it, that it was a “watershed event” for the banking industry: a lesson in the threats posed by well-organised cybercriminals, which bankers neglect at their peril.

短期内解决孟加拉劫难似乎不太可能。Leibbrandt先生表示，即使无法侦破此案，很明显，这会成为银行业的分水岭事件：这告诉人们，有组织的网络罪犯所带来的威胁，恰好是银行人员所忽视的危险隐患。

• Cybercriminals：网络罪犯

翻译 ▍iron ；arias

审核 ▍竞风之翼

编辑 ▍且听风吟