Feed a Cold and a Fever, Experts Say
专家说，感冒发烧时要吃好
The old saying "feed a cold, starve a
fever" is baloney, doctors say. People fighting off a seasonal respiratory
virus need adequate nutrition, regardless of their symptoms, according to
advice from the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.
医生说，“伤风宜吃，发烧宜饿”这句老话纯属无稽之谈。根据休斯敦贝勒医学院的建议，与季节性呼吸道病毒作斗争的人需要充足的营养。
Fever is just one of the many defense
mechanisms the human body uses to stave off any infection, said Dr. Pedro
Piedra, a professor of molecular virology, microbiology and pediatrics at
Baylor.
贝勒大学分子病毒学、微生物学和儿科学教授佩德罗·皮德拉说，发烧只是人体用来抵御感染的众多防御机制之一。
All the body's immune responses require
energy gained by eating a well-balanced diet. Feeling awful from an infection
might put a dent in a person's appetite, but folks should resist that malaise.
身体的所有免疫反应都需要通过均衡饮食获得能量。因感染而感到不适可能会影响一个人的食欲，但人们应该抵制这种不适。
Cold weather tends to increase people's
risk of catching the flu and the common cold. That's because people tend to
huddle together indoors when it's cold outside. Colder temperatures also allow
for viruses to survive on surfaces longer.
寒冷的天气往往会增加人们感染流感和普通感冒的风险。这是因为当室外很冷的时候，人们往往会在室内挤在一起。较低的温度也使病毒在表面存活的时间更长。
"There is also a saying that if your
hair is wet and you are in a cold environment, you will get sick. That is
partly true," Piedra added. "You won't contract a virus, but you may
weaken your immune system, which might invite sickness."
佩德罗补充道：“还有一种说法是，如果你的头发是湿的，在寒冷的环境中就很容易生病。这在一定程度上是正确的，你不会感染病毒，但你的免疫系统会被削弱，这可能会引发疾病。”
In addition to eating enough, sick folks
also need to make sure they're staying hydrated. Warm tea is a great remedy,
not only helping hydration but also soothing sore throats.
除了吃得足够外，生病的人还需要确保自己保持水分。热茶是一种很好的补救方法，不仅有助于补充水分，还能缓解喉咙疼痛。
Sore throats also can be remedied by a warm
saltwater gargle, which can ease irritation and also remove excessive mucus
from the back of the throat.
喉咙疼痛也可以通过温盐水漱口的方式来治疗，这可以缓解刺激，也可以去除喉咙后部多余的粘液。
"Antiviral drugs can be prescribed by
your physician and are available to ease symptoms of various viruses, like
influenza and SARS-CoV-2, but they need to be taken early on in the infection
to make sure they are effective," Piedra said.
佩德罗说道：“医生可以开具抗病毒药物，用于缓解流感和新冠等各种病毒的症状，但需要在感染早期服用，以确保有效。”
"If your cold, flu or COVID infection
advances and you begin having difficulty breathing, or if you move around and
you don't feel well, reach out to your physician as this may be a sign that
your condition is worsening."
“如果你的感冒、流感或新冠肺炎病情加重，开始呼吸困难，或者如果你四处走动，感觉不舒服，请去看医生，因为这可能是你病情恶化的迹象。”
Prevention is the best cure. Vaccines can
help ward off respiratory infections, and people can minimize their risk by
wearing a mask and regularly watching their hands.
预防是最好的治疗方法。疫苗可以帮助抵御呼吸道感染，人们可以通过戴口罩和勤洗手来将风险降至最低。
苏格拉底有一句名言：
我知我无知
。说的是，当你认识到的东西越多就越发现自己无知。苏格拉底认为，人对于客观世界的认识是有限的，且不可能完全认识客观世界，并且不应对客观世界刨根究底。神对于世界的规划自有安排，若人一意孤行地探索世界和自然的奥秘，则最终将亵渎甚至触怒神明。正因为人对神所构建的世界不可能实现完全认知，因此那些宣称自己能够认识和改造世界的人，本身便是无知的代言。尽管苏格拉底的关于“ 我知我无知”的观念的解读，在现在看来有失客观科学。但至少苏格拉底告诫人们，人的认知是有限的，现有的知识甚至可能存在错误和疏漏。因此，无论任何时代，我们都必须对自己的无知加以认识并通过不懈的开拓，去更新甚至颠覆固有的知识结构。我们在求学之路上也要报以我知我不知的心态，才能走得更远、终有所成。最后，祝愿每一位考研学子都能顺利上岸！
